Sindh is located on the western corner of South Asia. Karachi became capital of Sindh in 1936. Sindh is divided into twenty three districts: Karachi, Larkano, Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Qamber - Shahdakot, Sukkur, Ghutki, Kashmor, Khairpur, Noushehro Feroz, Dadu, Nawabshah, Jamshoro, Sanghar, Matyari, Hyderabad, Tando Muhammad Khan, Tando Allah Yaar, Badin, Thatto, Mirpurkhas, Umerkot, Tharparker.
In the centre is a fertile plain around the Indus River. The devastating floods of the river Indus are now controlled by irrigation techniques. Sindh is hot in the summer and cold in winter. Temperatures frequently rise above 46 °C (115 °F) between May and August, and the minimum average temperature of 2 °C (36 °F) occurs during December and January. Climatically, Sindh is divided in three sections - Siro (upper section centered on Jacobabad), Wicholo (middle section centered on Hyderabad), and Lar (lower section centered on Karachi). In upper Sindh, the thermal equator passes through Sindh. The highest temperature ever recorded was 53 °C (127 °F in 1919. The air is generally very dry. In winter frost is common.
Sindh is the backbone of Pakistan economy as it generates approximately 70% of the total national revenue whereas in return federal government pays back just 23% from financial divisible pool. Sindh government considers that the formula of financial resource distribution i.e. NFC award is unjust and solely population denominated.
Sindh is a major centre of economic activity in Pakistan and has a highly diversified economy ranging from heavy industry and finance centered in and around Karachi to a substantial agricultural base along the Indus. Pakistan's rapidly growing information technology sector (IT) is also centered in Karachi and manufacturing includes machine products, cement, plastics, and various other goods. Agriculture is very important in Sindh with cotton, rice, wheat, sugar cane, bananas and mangoes as the most important crops.