LINK

http://www.escrivaworks.org/

This website contains reflections on Christian life written by
Josemaría Escrivá, founder of Opus Dei, and a search tool for quick
access to the passages you are looking for.

FACTOID

"Lili Marlene" was authored by Hans Leip, a 19-year old German
soldier in the first world war. It was put to music by Norbert
Schultze (1911-2002), a collaborator with the Hitler regime. But
contrary to what Hollywood would have us believe, it was not an
exclusively Nazi song, crooned in smoke-filled bars in occupied
Europe by drunk SS officers.

"Lili Marlene" was played, sung, and broadcast by all the armies in
the second world war - the British, the German, in occupied France,
and the Americans (Marlene Dietrich). It was translated to 48
languages, including Hebrew, the language of most holocaust
survivors. It made it into the Japanese music charts in 1986.

http://ingeb.org/garb/lmarleen.html

http://home.istar.ca/~townsend/early_years/lili_marlene.htm

LINK

http://www.luminarium.org/lumina.htm

Medieval, Renaissance, and 17th century literature.

FACTOID

Is glass an inorganic solid material - or a highly viscous liquid?

At room temperatures, glass is an elastic solid. The source of the
confusion is its unusual atomic structure. Glass indeed starts its
life as a molten liquid. But when it cools, the atoms do not form
crystals. Instead, they are arranged randomly, fully reflecting
their distribution in the liquid. This property of homogeneous
continuity is called viscosity.

So, why do some scholars insist that glass is really a liquid?

Solid glass "remembers" its previous state as a fluid. It,
therefore, acts as though it were a solution - as though various
materials, such as soda, lime, and silica - were added and diluted
in a solvent. As opposed to most solids, pure, non-commercial, glass
has low density (i.e., large interstitial spaces between its atoms).
Such "holes" are typical of liquids.

Why is glass transparent if it is, indeed, a solid?

According to the Encyclopedia Britannica (2003 edition), electrons
in glass molecules are confined to specific energy levels and cannot
absorb and reemit photons (i.e., light). This is why visible light
travels through glass unhindered. It is not absorbed. Glass
molecules are so tiny compared to ordinary lightwaves that they also
do not absorb them when they traverse the glass sheet.

http://www.cmog.org/

LINK

http://www.chinapage.com/china.html

The web site for 5,000 years of Chinese cultural heritage.

FACTOID

The image of the quintessential British gentleman, stoically solving
a crossword puzzle while on a train voyage - is etched in our minds.
The crossword puzzle appears to be a British institution, as ancient
as the monarchy and a lot more rewarding.

The surprising fact is that it was invented only in December 1913.

It was first published as a "word-cross" puzzle in New York of all
places - in a Sunday weekly called the "World".

Following a crossword craze launched by a nascent publishing company
called "Simon and Schuster" in 1924, the Sunday Express in Britain
picked up the American habit. The "New York Times" succumbed and
published the first of its renowned crossword puzzles only in 1942.

http://www.factmonster.com/spot/crossword1.html

LINK

http://access.tucson.org/~michael/Intro.html

In 1991 scientists at the University of Colorado began work on a
long-term project to build a database ofinformation about the human
body. Called the Visible Human Project (VHP) and funded by
theNational Library of Medicine, its goal is to digitally map the
entire physical structure of thehuman body. As of 1997 a male and
female cadaver have been scanned, frozen, sliced,photographed and
digitized. Plans are underway to similarly map a human embryo.

The male cadaver came from convicted murderer Joseph Jernigan,
executed in Texas at age 39 by lethalinjection. The body of the
female figure is from an anonymous Maryland donor, dead at age 59
fromheart problems.

FACTOID

The first complete world census was carried out in 1801. The
results - China (295 million people), India (131 million), Russia
(33 million), France (27 million), Ottoman Empire (21 million),
Germany (14 million), Spain (11 million), Britain (10 million),
Ireland and the USA (c. 5 million each).

Data for these countries today:

China (1,302,505,000), India (1,047,074,000), Russia (142,881,000),
France (59,107,500), Turkey (71,374,700), Germany (81,947,100),
Spain (41,197,900), Britain (59,751,900), Ireland (3,917,300), USA
(288,212,300).

http://www.infotoday.com/searcher/jun02/mattison.htm

http://www.gazetteer.de/home.htm

http://www.ipums.umn.edu/international/

LINK

http://www.buzzle.com

Through our dynamic network of editors and content contributors,
Buzzle.com intends to provide users with the most comprehensive
directory of intelligent and useful information available on the
Web.  If you are in need of top-notch information or you are simply
seeking a medium through which to share your knowledge with the
world, Buzzle.com is the answer.

Editorial Chapters Buzzle.com's editorial content is organized into
18 different Chapters.  Each Chapter indexes thousands of links to
informative web sites, and is further organized into specific
topics.  For instance, Arts and Literature contains Architecture and
Engineering, History and the Human Experience, Books and
Manuscripts, and several other related topics.

Buzzle.com Chapter topics offer pertinent articles, additional links
to relevant sites, and interactive features.  The articles, written
by experts in their respective fields, allow our editors to share
their knowledge with Buzzle.com users and the included links offer
further sources of information.  Interactive features such as polls,
site ratings, message boards, and chat rooms allow users to discuss
and exchange information on their topics of interest.

Buzzle.com's structure allows multiple editors to write for a single
topic.
For this reason, we have an array of editorial talent in every
category, presenting information from multiple viewpoints and with
differing expertise and focus.  The net result is a unique and
comprehensive directory, which is literally "buzzing" with
intelligent, easy-to-find information.

Escape Hatch and What's the Buzz?
In addition to its 18 Chapters, Buzzle.com offers the Escape Hatch
and What's the Buzz?  The Escape Hatch is a whimsical section that
includes the Buzzle Puzzle, Viral Funnies, Short Fixion, and more.
It was created with the hardworking professional in mind - as a
place to go to relax and get away from the daily grind.  What's the
Buzz?  features information from our editors about important
happenings and developments within Buzzle.com and around the world.
Whether you are looking for the latest Hollywood gossip or
intelligent commentary on current world events, you are likely to
find it in What's the Buzz?


FACTOID

Napoleon did invade Britain.  During the Irish rebellion of 1798, in
September, a sizable French fleet got close to the shore of Ireland
but was dispersed by a storm.  A part of the flotila went back to
France but other French ships landed invading troops on the shores
of Ireland and Wales.

These surrendered to superior British forces later on.  The costs of
the Irish war and Napoleon's impending threat across the channel
forced the British government to introduce the first income tax in
British history.

Another attempt by the French, in 1804, with 100,000 troops was
aborted.

http://home.inforamp.net/~radfordr/1800a.html

http://www.inlandrevenue.gov.uk/history/taxhis1.htm

For previous links and amazing factoids - click on this link:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linknfactoid/messages

At the bottom of each page of the messages archive - click
on "previous" or "next" to view additional messages.

More than 500 free and full text articles and essays here - click on
these links:


http://philosophos.tripod.com

Download FREE, FULL TEXT, E-BOOKS - click on this link:

http://samvak.tripod.com/freebooks.html

LINK

http://education.yahoo.com/reference/index.html

Reference Tools

  The American Heritage® Dictionary, Fourth Edition

Over 200,000 entries feature 10,000 new words and senses, 70,000
audio word pronunciations, 900 full-page color illustrations,
language notes and word-root appendixes.

  The American Heritage® Spanish Dictionary, Second Edition

Newly revised to include the most current computer,
telecommunications, and Internet vocabulary in both English and
Spanish. Featuring American English and Latin American Spanish, it
contains 70,000 entries, with more than 120,000 meanings.

  Roget's II: The New Thesaurus

Containing 260,000 synonyms and cross-references in an easy-to-use
format, this thesaurus features succinct word definitions and an
innovative hyperlinked category index.

  The Britannica Concise

A rich source of answers to questions about the full range of human
knowledge, with more than 25,000 alphabetical entries, covering the
arts, business, computers, geography, history, literature, medicine,
philosophy, politics and popular culture.

  Bartlett's Familiar Quotations

A Collection of Passages, Phrases, and Proverbs Traced to Their
Sources in Ancient and Modern Literature.

  Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body

Features 1,247 vibrant engravings - many in color - from the classic
1918 publication, as well as a subject index with 13,000 entries
ranging from the Antrum of Highmore to the Zonule of Zinn.

  The Oxford Shakespeare

The 1914 Oxford edition of the Complete Works of William Shakespeare
ranks among the most authoritative published this century. The 37
plays, 154 sonnets and miscellaneous verse constitute the literary
cornerstone of Western civilization.

  World Factbook

The U.S. government's complete geographical handbook, featuring 267
full-color maps and flags of all nations. Each country profile
tracks such demographics as population, ethnicity and literacy
rates, as well as political, geographical and economic data.

  Weights and Measures

Trying to find out how many gallons is equal to 50 liters? This
conversion calculator can help you convert measurements for area,
length, weight, and volume whether you're using the metric system,
the U.S. system, or both.


FACTOID

Tapeworms affect not only the digestive tract - but also the liver.
They range in size from 1 millimeter (0.04 inch) to a whopping 15
meters (50 feet!).

They are found in almost all vertebrates, including fish. Many of
them have distinct heads and bodies. None of them has a mouth or any
trace of a digestive tract. They absorb their food rather than
digest it.

Tapeworms are hermaphrodite - i.e., each individual is both male and
female. They fertilize themselves. When "pregnant" each tapeworm
contains hundreds of thousands of embryos. Such embryos, when lodged
in the intestinal wall can bore through it into a blood vessel and
be carried to their final destination in a muscle.

Tapeworms are only one of a few kinds of human worm-parasites.

http://www.eeb.uconn.edu:591/tapewormsdotorg/home.htm

http://www.dr-dan.com/tapeworm.htm

http://directory.google.com/Top/Science/Biology/Microbiology/Parasite
s/?tc=1

For previous messages - click on this link:

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on "previous" or "next" to view additional messages.

Download FREE, FULL TEXT, E-BOOKS - click on this link:

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****************************************

LINK

http://www.nmnh.si.edu/BIRDNET/mainindex.html

Member Societies of the Ornithological Council, Ornithological
Council Information, General Ornithological Information,
Professional Information, Ornithological Issues, Research
Assistance, Birds and Birding Information.

FACTOID

Centuries ago, October 31 was called in England "All Hallows' Eve".
People prayed to prepare the souls of the departed for the Catholic
All Saints' Day on November 1.

October 31 was also the Celtic New Years' Eve - the "Samhain". On
that night, the spirits of the deceased were supposed to possess
living bodies before departing to the afterlife.

Pumpkins were not part of Halloween celebrations until late in the
19th century. The Irish and other Europeans actually carved up
turnips. Poor immigrants to the USA could not afford turnips and
turned to pumpkins instead.

http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Halloween/

LINK

http://digital.nypl.org/schomburg/writers_aa19/toc.html

African American Women Writers of the 19th Century is a digital
collection of some 52 published works by 19th-century black women
writers. A part of the Digital Schomburg, this collection provides
access to the thought, perspectives and creative abilities of black
women as captured in books and pamphlets published prior to 1920. A
full text database of these 19th and early 20th- century titles,
this digital library is key-word-searchable. Each individual title
as well as the entire database can be searched to determine what
these women had to say about "family", "religion", "slavery" or any
other subject of interest to the researcher or casual reader. The
Schomburg Center is pleased to make this historic resource available
to the public.

FACTOID

Debunkers of UFO sightings often propose to explain the persistent
and recurrent reports as atmospheric phenomena, such as mirages.

UFO enthusiasts counter that "mirages cannot be seen more than 1°
above or below the observer's horizon." UFO's are almost always
observed high in the sky or even directly above the observer's head
(zenith).

Mirages are generated by the bending of light rays when they move
across layers in the atmosphere with different temperatures and,
thus, densities. Mirages are real and can be photographed. All
mirages contain one regular ("erect") image and one or more mirror
("inverted") images. "Fata Morgana" is a mirage with many interlaced
inverted and erect images. It is named after King Arthur's sister,
the enchantress (magician-witch) Morgan le Fay.

Other refractive phenomena include looming, towering, sinking,
stooping, etc. In looming an object below the horizon is projected
into the sky. Objects under the horizon can thus appear to be above
it.

And who is right in the UFO debate?

Due to refraction, even under normal atmospheric conditions, we all
see objects that are under the astronomical horizon. How much we see
depends on our elevation, the width of the sky between the two
horizons, and the distance to the objects, among other variables.
Our APPARENT horizon (what we can actually see) and the "real",
astronomical horizon (what we would have seen in the absence of
refracting atmosphere) are not the same. The difference between them
is the "dip".

Optics tells us that multiple or inverted images must occur under
the astronomical horizon and above the apparent horizon - i.e.
within the dip. Theoretically, the dip can be larger than 1 degree.
But, practically, on our small planet, with the highest point at 9
kilometers (Mount Everest), and our eyes constructed as they are and
our atmosphere composed as it is - it is impossible to see mirages
displaced by more than 1 degree. UFO fans are right after all.

http://mintaka.sdsu.edu/GF/mirages/mirintro.html

http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/elements/mirage1.htm

Dear Listmembers,

To access the archives of this list and read past messages - click
on this link:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linknfactoid/messages

The Open Directory Project (ODP) is the largest human-edited
directory of Web resources:

http://dmoz.org

Use the search box to find information about virtually every topic.

Have a safe and tranquil weekend.

Sam

For previous messages - click on this link:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linkfactoid/messages

Download FREE, FULL TEXT, E-BOOKS - click on this link:

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*******************************************************

LINK

http://www.freemedicaljournals.com/
The Free Medical Journals Site is dedicated to the promotion of free
access to medical journals over the Internet.

FACTOID

The media would have us believe that the victims of eating disorders
are adolescents with psychological problems.

The truth is different. Both Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa
are indeed more common among adolescents. But close to 80% of all
deaths from anorexia nervosa are among people older than 45.
Actually, the median age of death from eating disorders and related
causes among women is 69 and among men - 80! One fifth of all adult
sufferers are men.

http://dmoz.org/editors/editcat.cgi?
cat=Health/Mental_Health/Disorders/Eating

LINK

http://www.vatican.va/phome_en.htm

The Holy See (Vatican) Library online. Archive, museums, secret
archives, and news services.

FACTOID

Mayonnaise was invented by the chef of the Duc de Richelieu in 1756.
The Duc was in the habit of holding nude dinner parties. Having
beaten the British at Port Mahon, he instructed his chef to prepare
a culinary feast, replete with a "sauce made of cream and eggs". The
terrified chef discovered, at the last moment, that there was no
cream in the kitchen. He hurriedly poured olive oil and scrambled it
with the eggs. Thus emerged the "Mahonnaise".

http://www.angelfire.com/punk/mayonnaise/Mayonnaise.htm

http://www.mayo.com/

http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blpotatochip.htm

LINK

http://www.upi.com

The full-text, online archive of United Press International (UPI).
Thousands of articles on business and economics, science and
technology, politics and government and more.

FACTOID

A few tribes in Amazonian Ecuador used to shrink heads as part of
their post war rituals. Visit the links below for additional
ethnological and anthropological data.

But what is head shrinking? How is the procedure carried out?
The heads of both men and women were shrunk. The head was severed
with a clean cut of the neck. The skin was carefully peeled from the
back of the skull forward and preserved. The skull and brain were
discarded. The skin was then turned inside out and all the fat was
scraped.

A rope was inserted through an incision at the top of the skin. The
head was dipped into a pot of boiling water and chinchipi plant
juice. It was left to simmer for two hours until the hair is soft
and the head shrinks by two thirds to three quarters of its previous
size. All the cuts and incisions are sown and the lips are attached
to each other with minute bamboo nails.

Next, the neck is shrunk repeatedly over a few days by inserting hot
pebbles and hot sand into the cavity. Scalding stones are also used
to massage the face in order to conserve the facial features. Facial
hair is singed off and charcoal is applied to the eyes.

The head is smoked, dried, and cured. It is then washed and polished.

http://www.guidebookwriters.com/authors/dominic/article130.htm

http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/2666/headshrinker.html

http://www.ratical.org/LifeWeb/Articles/shuar.html

http://www.saraguro.org/shuar.htm

As per your request, some added data:

A human female is born with 150,000 follicles (balls of cells
containing eggs).

The Sahara desert is as large as the USA. Only 2.5-3 million people
live in it - one hundredth the population of the USA.

LINK

http://andamooka.org/

Andamooka hosts open content books for reading, annotation, and
discussion.

FACTOID

The Sahara desert covers 8.6 million square kilometers (or 3.2
million square miles). But, contrary to its popular image, only 25%
of this surface is covered by sand. The rest of the Sahara is made
or rocks and desert varnish (weathered rock). The word "Sahara" in
Arabic means "deserts", in the plural.

http://library.thinkquest.org/16645/the_land/sahara_desert.shtml

http://www.danheller.com/sahara.html

LINK

http://webhome.idirect.com/~donlong/monsters/monsters.htm

Gareth Long's Encyclopedia of Monsters, Mythical Creatures and
Fabulous Beasts (or, the encyclopedia of monsters etc.)

FACTOID

A human female is born with hollow balls of cells. Each "ball" - a
follicle - contains an immature ovum (egg cell). By the age of 16-
18, only 30-40,000 of these follicles survive. The destruction of
follicles continues well into menopause when the few remaining
follicles degenerate and die. Only 300-400 follicles mature during
the woman's reproductive years 13-54. But the quality of the eggs
deteriorates with time. In her early 30's, for instance, the rate of
spontaneous abortions a woman endures reaches 28%. Menstruation
occurs every 4 weeks. A follicle from one of the two ovaries
matures, the egg is extruded from the ovary and is made ready for
fertilization in the reproductive tract. If not fertilized, it
leaves the body together with the nutrients accumulated to feed a
prospective embryo - and blood.


http://www.babycenter.com/expert/pregnancy/pregcomplications/4754.htm
l

http://www.bartleby.com/107/3.html

LINK


http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp

The single most comprehensive electronic reference for animal care
information

Includes over 12,000 indexed topics and over 1200 illustrations

Rapidly search by topic, species, specialty, disease, and keyword
using advanced search




FACTOID

Columbus was an Italian and lived most of his early life in
Portugal, not in Spain. He was born in Genoa, Italy, no one knows
when. He did "discover" America, the continent - or, at least, is
the first documented European to have done so. His first and second
voyages ended in in today's Haiti (the Caribbean) - but on two
subsequent trips he visited today's Venezuela, Nicaragua, Costa
Rica, and Panama. He is buried - maybe - in the Dominican Republic.

Though he knew the earth was spherical and not flat, how good a
navigator he was is debatable. He was actually looking for a path to
India and China when he stumbled across America (named after a later
discoverer, Amerigo Vespucci). Columbus denied to his dying day that
he detected a new continent. Indeed, the Spanish royal couple,
Ferdinand and Isabella, twice rejected his entreaties for regal
finance of his trips before they succumbed to lobbying and the
euphoria of the eradication of the Moslem Moors from Granda in
January 1492.

He is a deeply controversial figure. He had a son out of wedlock
with his mistress. His second, third, and, possibly, fourth trips
were financed by property expropriated from Jews exiled from Spain
in 1492. He introduced the slave trade - and a host of incurable
epidemics - to the Americas. He gave his approval to the massacring
of natives in abandon. Even his own sponsors found his dangerously
self-delusional and overweening. He was arrested in 1500 and sent
back to Spain, in chains throughout the voyage (at his insistence).
He was forbidden to ever re-enter Hispaniola. He died a well-off but
embittered man.

http://www1.minn.net/~keithp/

http://www.ibiblio.org/expo/1492.exhibit/c-Columbus/columbus.html

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/columbus1.html

LINK

http://www.informit.com/free_library/index.asp

Free library of computer and information technology books.

Subjects include:

Business & E-Commerce
Database
Design & Creative Media
IT Management
Networking & Communications
Operating Systems
Programming
Web Development

FACTOID

The brains of stroke victims play odd tricks on them. A small group
of stroke survivors develops a speech impediment known as "Foreign
Accent Syndrome". In the first known case, in 1941, a Norwegian
woman spoke in a German accent. All the elements of pronunciation
shift - pacing, rhythm, intonation, and stress. The New York Times
cites the case of a BBC producer in London who spoke in a Scottish -
or, at any rate, foreign - accent. The impediment is aided and often
completely cured through speech therapy.

http://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/15/health/15CHAN.html?8vd

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/2300395.stm

http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/po/021003.shtml

http://www.cog.brown.edu/~seb/Kurowski.pdf

http://casino.cchs.usyd.edu.au/csd/mig_site/1999_vol15_2/foreign_acce
nt_synd
rome.htm

LINK

http://www.lewis-clark.org/

The decade of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

Welcome to Discovering Lewis and Clark™. This is a progressive Web
site currently containing more than 1,400 pages. It is enhanced by
one or more new episodes each month. For current updates, see "New
This Month" on the following page.

The centerpiece of Discovering Lewis and Clark™ is a nineteen-part
synopsis of the expedition by historian Harry Fritz, illustrated
with selections from the journals of the expedition, photographs,
maps, animated graphics, moving pictures, and sound files.

Clicking on any still image or highlighted word will lead you to
another level of insight into the significance of the Lewis and
Clark expedition in Amerian history, and in contemporary life.

You can also navigate through Discovering Lewis and Clark™ by using
the "Discovery Paths" or the "Journal Excerpts" menus. The word-
search utility can be used to find references anywhere in the text.

FACTOID

It was the British chemist, Joseph Priestley, who gave rubber its
name in 1770, when he discovered that it can rub away - erase -
pencil marks.

http://www.rubber.org/

http://home.nycap.rr.com/useless/priestley/

For previous messages - click on this link:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group//messages

Download FREE, FULL TEXT, E-BOOKS - click on this link:

http://samvak.tripod.com/freebooks.html


LINK

http://www.statsoft.com/textbook/stathome.html

This Electronic Statistics Textbook offers training in the
understanding and application of statistics. The material was
developed at the StatSoft R&D department based on many years of
teaching undergraduate and graduate statistics courses and covers a
wide variety of applications, including laboratory research
(biomedical, agricultural, etc.), business statistics and
forecasting, social science statistics and survey research, data
mining, engineering and quality control applications, and many
others.

The Electronic Textbook begins with an overview of the relevant
elementary (pivotal) concepts and continues with a more in depth
exploration of specific areas of statistics, organized by "modules,"
accessible by buttons, representing classes of analytic techniques.
A glossary of statistical terms and a list of references for further
study are included.

FACTOID

Multi-cellular organisms, such as plants and humans, evolved over
billions of years. Ancient bacteria infiltrated the first eukaryotic
cells - i.e., the first cells with a nucleus. They helped these
cells convert food into ATP - the cellular "battery" molecule.

As time passed, these bacteria degenerated. Their remains still
occupy the cytoplasm of eukaryotes in the form of "organelles", tiny
organs. But these remains contain their own DNA - distinct from the
host cell's. They also encompass their own ribosomes - cellular
miniature protein factories. So, in a way these organelles - the
mitochondria in living creatures and the chloroplasts in plants -
are separate organisms. They maintain a symbiotic relationship with
cells. They are symbionts.

All the cells in the human body contain mitochondria. Mitochondria
are more abundant in cells with heavy energy requirements, like
muscle cells.

A third type of such symbiont was recently discovered in the malaria
parasite, the Plasmodium falciparum. It is called an apicoplast and
is, perhaps, the remains of an alga. It, too, has its own unique
genome.

http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~striepen/apicoplast.html

http://directory.google.com/Top/Science/Biology/Genetics/Organelles/

LINK

http://www.astr.ua.edu/4000WS/

4,000 years of women in science! Did you know that? Women are, and
always have been, scientists. This site lists over 125 names from
our scientific and technical past. They are all women! This site
grew out of the public talks given by Dr. Sethanne Howard, currently
with the National Science Foundation. As we learn more, we add it to
this page. We hope you will share what you know with us. This
includes inventors, scholars and writers as well as mathematicians
and astronomers. We hope you enjoy learning about some of these
women.

FACTOID

Charles Augustus Lindbergh was the first person to cross the
Atlantic in a nonstop flight. This made him an instant celebrity.
When, in 1932, his 19-months old son was kidnapped and murdered, the
nation was appalled.

Finally, a German carpenter, Bruno Richard Hauptmann, was
apprehended and, following a much-publicized trial, executed.

The police chief who arrested Bruno Richard Hauptmann was the father
of Norman Schwarzkopf, commander of the American forces in the Gulf
War in 1991.

The affair had many repercussions, both personal and national.

The Lindberghs, revolted by the media's unrelenting prying, moved to
live in Europe in 1935. Lindbergh became a fan of Adolf Hitler and
in 1938 received from him a decoration for having praised the German
Luftwaffe as superior to all other air forces. In 1939, upon his
return to the USA, Lindbergh embarked on a cross-country tour of
antiwar and pro-Nazi speeches. Consequently, he was ousted from the
air corps reserve and the National Advisory Committee for
Aeronautics.

Still, when war broke out, Lindbergh served as a civilian consultant
to aircraft manufacturers. Later, the US Army sent him on
clandestine missions to the Pacific and Europe. But he never
regained his stature in the eyes of the American public. He won the
Pulitzer prize in 1953 for his tome, The Spirit of Saint Louis and
died in 1974 in Hawaii.

The kidnapping and gruesome murder of his son prompted lawmakers to
pass the Lindbergh Act in 1932. The Encarta: "The statute made it a
federal crime, punishable by life imprisonment, to kidnap a person
and transport that person to another state. This law was amended in
1934 making conspiracy to commit a kidnapping also a federal crime.
In 1968 the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated that section of the
Lindbergh Act that gave the jury the power to recommend the death
penalty for kidnapping."

http://www.lindberghtrial.com/

http://www.charleslindbergh.com/

http://www.lindberghfoundation.org/

Dear listmembers,

I have uploaded free files into this area of the list:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linknfactoid/files

You can download and distribute them freely.

Additional fre e-books are available here:

http://samvak.tripod.com/freebooks.html

I hope you find them useful and enjoyable.

Sam

LINK

http://www.crimelibrary.com/classicstories.htm

Stories of classic crimes.

Part of the Crime Library:

http://www.crimelibrary.com/index.html

FACTOID

Black holes are extremely dense bodies. Their density and
gravitation are so enormous that it was thought nothing - not even
electromagnetic radiation such as light - can escape them once
caught by their gravitational pull. Hence the "black" in "black
holes". This is what laymen and the media know about them.

Yet, the truth is different.

The English physicist Stephen William Hawking proved that in the
vicinity of tiny black holes, it is possible for one member of an
electron-positron or proton-antiproton pair of particles to escape
while the other is hurled towards the singularity (i.e., the center
of the black hole). The escaping particle draws energy from the
black hole itself and thus "evaporates" it. It is as if the black
hole gives off heat, thermal radiation.


http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/htmltest/rjn_bht.html

http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Cyberia/NumRel/BlackHoles.html

http://cfpa.berkeley.edu/BHfaq.html

http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/gr/public/bh_home.html

LINK

http://www.athelstane.co.uk/

Athelstane E-Texts

Some of our nineteenth century authors are:

Captain Frederick Marryat (1792-1848)

R.M. Ballantyne (1825-1894)

Rev. Egerton Ryerson Young (1840-1909)

Lewis Hough (1830-1900, approx)

Harriet Martineau (1802-1876)

And two twentieth century authors (copyright):

Harry Hodson, Author and Editor (1906-1999)

Prof. T.C. Hodson (1871-1953) 1937 Commentary on the 1931 Census of
India

=====================================================================

FACTOID

Many myths abound about Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand known as
Mahatma "Great Souled") Gandhi (1869-1948).

He was NOT born to a poor Indian family. His father was dewan (chief
minister) of Porbandar, the capital of a small principality in
Gujarat in western India under British suzerainty. He later became
dewan of Rajkot.

He married at the age of 13 and was a mediocre student. In his
adolescence he defied his repressive environment by petty thieving,
meat eating, smoking, and professed atheism.

Until the age of 18 He spoke very little English. His main language
was Gujarati.

He wanted to be a medical doctors - more precisely, a surgeon. His
family forced his to study law.

His first political activity was as a member of the executive
committee of the London Vegetarian Society.

He went to South Africa because he couldn't find work in India. He
was a poor lawyer, in both senses of the word. He suffered from
stage fright.

The "Encyclopedia Britannica" describes his first days there:

"Africa was to present to Gandhi challenges and opportunities that
he could hardly have conceived. In a Durban court, he was asked by
the European magistrate to take off his turban; he refused and left
the courtroom. A few days later, while traveling to Pretoria, he was
unceremoniously thrown out of a first-class railway compartment and
left shivering and brooding at Pietermaritzburg Station; in the
further course of the journey he was beaten up by the white driver
of a stagecoach because he would not travel on the footboard to make
room for a European passenger; and finally he was barred from hotels
reserved "for Europeans only." These humiliations were the daily lot
of Indian traders and labourers in Natal who had learned to pocket
them with the same resignation with which they pocketed their meagre
earnings."

He was about to sail to London when he read about a bill to deprive
the Indians of their right to vote. He decided to stay. It is in
Johannesburg, South Africa that his first civil disobedience
("Satyagraha") campaign was staged - not in India.

Gandhi's life was at peril many times. He was almost lynched in
Durban as early as January 1897. He was assassinated in 1948.

He was not a pacifist. Nor was he anti-British. When the Boer war
broke out, he organized a volunteer corps of 11,000 Indians to
defend the British colony of Natal.

There is much more here:

http://dmoz.org/Society/History/By_Region/Asia/South_Asia/Personaliti
es/Gandhi,_Mohandas_Karamchand,_Mahatma/

LINK

http://www.lib.umich.edu/eebo/

The books completed hitherto:

http://www.lib.umich.edu/eebo/documents/Completed1.html

The University of Michigan, Oxford University, Council on Library
and Information Resources (CLIR), and ProQuest Information and
Learning are engaged in an exceptional partnership to provide robust
access to a major cultural archive. ProQuest Information and
Learning has created digital images for the 125,000 titles in the
English Short Title Catalog, which includes English language texts
from 1475-1700 listed in Wing, Pollard and Redgrave, and the
Thomason Tracts.

FACTOID

Cocaine, discovered in 1855, was considered by Sigmund Freud to be
both a powerful anti-depressant and an aphrodisiac. He recommended
it to treat morphine addiction in his tome, "On Coca", published in
1884. He himself used it for a few years and convinced at least one
of his friends to become an addict.

But cocaine was popularly used long before Freud. Spanish
discoverers of the New World, such as Amerigo Vespucci, tried it in
Peru and reported enthusiastically back home in 1505. Both the
Spanish crown and the church taxed coca production and accepted
payment in coca leaves.

Cocaine was extensively used in the 19th century in throat and eye
surgeries. It was so commonplace, cheap, and popular that it was not
banned either by the strict Prussians or by the British in the 1868
Pharmacy Act. People drank cocaine in wine, in Coca-Cola (hence the
name), in patent medicines. Merck was a huge producer of the
substance. By the beginning of last century, everyone was snorting
cocaine. Celebrities from Thomas Edison to Sarah Bernhart – not to
mention Hollywood – extolled the drug's virtues.

Cocaine was banned in the USA only in 1914.

http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/History/ophs.htm

http://www.stopcocaineaddiction.com/history-of-cocaine.htm

LINK

http://www.wotch.com/info/book.asp

Mini-books are our latest invention - small, desktop programs that
open and read like real books.  Mini-books contain jokes, stories,
and quotes, and above all they are cute and fun!.

They are filled with special effects, silly sounds and awesome
animations, along with a few chuckles.

FACTOID

The world's most famous insurance market, Lloyd's of London, started
in a coffee house owned by one, Edward Lloyd.

The coffee house was situated on the Thames bank in Tower Street,
close to all the maritime and shipping activities.  It was a well
known establishment and is mentioned in contemporary documents as
early as 1688.

Lloyd himself had nothing to do with insurance.

http://www.lloydsoflondon.co.uk/entrypoints/her_index_gi.htm

LINK

http://www.occultopedia.com/occult.htm

Occultopedia is an A to Z encyclopedia of metaphysical, curious and
supernatural people, things, practices and events; an online
treasury of unusual and occult knowledge and information.


FACTOID

Was Jesus born 2002 years ago? Was he born in year zero?

The first year AD was 1 - so, Jesus could not have been born in year
zero. The very concept of zero was invented much later.

Numerous historical minutia in the gospels indicate that Jesus must
have been born before 4 BC.

For example, He was said to have been born during the reign of King
Herod, who died in 4 BC.

Much more here:

http://webexhibits.org/calendars/year-history.html

http://www.new-life.net/chrtms10.htm

http://www.isleofavalon.co.uk/GlastonburyArchive/2000/texts-
p3/m22_jeez.html

http://www.biblequestions.org/Archives/BQAR373.htm

For previous messages - click on this link:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linknfactoid/messages


Download FREE, FULL TEXT, E-BOOKS - click on this link:

http://samvak.tripod.com/freebooks.html


LINK

http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/hypertex.html

Online hypertext American books from Henry Adams to Owen Wister.


FACTOID

Marie Tussaud (her real name was a less French sounding Grosholtz)
must have been a remarkable woman. From truly humble origins - her
mother worked as the housekeeper of one, Dr. Philippe Curtius - she
sprang to fame in less than 10 years. The good doctor owned and
operated a small wax museum in Paris and, when he died in 1794,
Marie - who was his trainee and maybe more - inherited his
collection of death masks and a house or two in Paris.

In 1780, nineteen years old Marie was appointed art tutor to the
sister of King Louis XVI. For the next nine years her official
residence was the sumptuous Palace of Versailles. When the French
Revolution turned into the Reign of Terror, she was commissioned to
make death masks of the guillotined.

With 70 wax figures she embarked on a tour of England. The
collection included replicas of the late Royal Family of France, a
model of the guillotine, and an Egyptian mummy. It was a morbid hit.
In 1835 she settled in London and opened her establishment in Baker
Street. The rest, as they say, is history.


http://www.madame-tussauds.com/frameset.htm

http://www.tussauds.com/cfm/home/index.cfm

For previous messages - click on this link:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linknfactoid/messages

LINK

http://1911encyclopedia.org/

Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 Edition - FULL TEXT ONLINE!


The best encyclopedia ever written was published over 90 years ago!
And now you can find right here on the web! This 1911 encyclopedia
is filled with historical information that is still relevant today.
It fills 29 volumes and contains over 44 million words. The articles
are written by more than 1500 authors within their various fields of
expertise. As a research tool, this 1911 encyclopedia edition is
unparalleled-- even today.


FACTOID

The Spanish Inquisition is notorious for its prosecution and bestial
torture of the Jews in Spain and its territories. Yet, contrary to
common "knowledge", the Inquisition had no jurisdiction over the
Jews. It did not detain or torture a single Jew.

Its remit was, as the Catholic Encyclopedia reminds us:

"The Spanish Inquisition, however, properly begins with the reign of
Ferdinand the Catholic and Isabella (at the end of the 15th
century). The Catholic faith was then endangered by pseudo converts
from Judaism (Marranos) and Mohammedanism (Moriscos). On 1 November,
1478, Sixtus IV empowered the Catholic sovereigns to set up the
Inquisition."

The Inquisition persecuted, tortured, imprisoned, and prosecuted
only Jews and Moslems who CONVERTED to Christianity. Since the
property of the "pseudo" converts was impounded, both the crown and
ecclesia were happy to pursue this profitable vocation.

(Some of the addresses are very long and tend to break in
transmission. Please copy the complete address and paste it to your
browser window).


http://dmoz.org/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Christianity/Church
_History/Inquisitions/

http://www.catholic.net/RCC/Periodicals/Dossier/1112-96/article2.html

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08026a.htm

Dear listmembers,

I will be posting one message daily from Monday to Friday.

If, due to a technical glitch, ou did not receive your daily does,
go here - the list archive:

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linknfactoid/messages

Today's message was about the 19th century - Jack the Ripper and n
online collection of 19th century textbooks!

I have placed the full texts of a few e-books on the Web for free
download.

The full texts are all available for free download from this new Web
page:

http://samvak.tripod.com/freebooks.html

Hope you find these e-tomes useful and enjoyable.

Sam


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NEW BOOK : ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIPS

Title : "Narcissism Book of Quotes"

Author : Members of Sam Vaknin's Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Topic in Suite101

Description :

The Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) and relationships with
abusive narcissists - The point of view and lessons of the victims.

URL OF FREE CONTENT:

http://www.suite101.com/welcome.cfm/6514

FREE DOWNLOAD:

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/NPDQuotes.rtf


---------------------------------------------------------------------
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NEW BOOK : MENTAL HEALTH

Title : "Malignant Self Love - Narcissism Revisited" - Second Online
Edition

Author : Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin

Description :

The Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) and relationships with
abusive narcissists - FAQs, journal entries, excerpts from the
archives of the Narcissism List.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/index.html

DOWNLOAD FREE EXCERPTS: http://samvak.tripod.com/mslpdf.zip

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/MSL2excerpts.rtf


---------------------------------------------------------------------
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NEW BOOK : PHILOSOPHY

Title: "Bioethics and Population"

Author: Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/culture.html


DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/bioethics.rtf

DESCRIPTION:

Issues in the ethics and practice of demography - population
control, the right to life, cloning, and abortion.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------

NEW BOOK : ECONOMICS AND GEOPOLITICS

Title : "After the Rain - How the West Lost the East"

Author : Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/guide.html


DOWNLOAD COMPLETE FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/ATR.rtf

DESCRIPTION:

An anthology of more than 200 articles regarding the politics,
economics, geopolitics and history of countries in Centraleastern
Europe and the Balkan and current conflicts in the Balkan and
Central Asia.

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NEW BOOK : ECONOMICS AND GEOPOLITICS

Title : "Terrorists and Freedom Fighters"

Author : Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/pp52.html


DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/terrorism.rtf

DESCRIPTION :

The history of four terrorist organizations in the Balkan and a
general introduction to terrorism and freedom fighting.

Also includes essays about religious co-existence in the Balkan and
about pathological narcissism as a precursor to terrorism.
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NEW BOOK : ECONOMICS AND GEOPOLITICS

Title : "Putin's Russia"

Author : Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/pp106.html


DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/Russia.rtf

DESCRIPTION :

Russia's economy and politics under Vladimir Putin.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
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NEW BOOK : ECONOMICS

Title: "Capitalistic Musings"

Author: Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/guide.html


DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/capitalism.rtf

DESCRIPTION:

Critical analysis of the foundations and tents of capitalism and of
the dismal science - economics.
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NEW BOOK : ECONOMICS

Title : "The Labor Divide"

Author : Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/pp117.html


DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/employment.rtf

DESCRIPTION :

Modern labour theories and practice. Covers issues like employment,
unemployment, migration, brain drain, entrepreneurship, workaholism,
and trade unions.
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NEW BOOK : ECONOMICS

Title : "Corruption and Crime"

Author : Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/corruption.html


DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/corruption.rtf

DESCRIPTION :

Essays about corruption, money laundering, crime, and international
finance.
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NEW BOOK : ECONOMICS

Title : "The Exporter's Handbook"

Author : Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/exporter.html

  DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/exporter.rtf

DESCRIPTION :

A tutorial for export transaction - from financing to shipping,
INCOTERMS and contracts.
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NEW BOOK : ECONOMICS

Title: "Small Business Manual"

Author: Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/guide.html


DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/smallbusiness.rtf

DESCRIPTION:

Issues in owning and managing a mall business.
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NEW BOOK : ECONOMICS

Title : "TrendSiters - Digital Content and Web Technologies"

Author : Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin, Ph.D.

URL OF FREE CONTENT: http://samvak.tripod.com/busiweb.html


DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK

http://www.suite101.com/files/topics/6514/files/digitalcontent.rtf

DESCRIPTION :

Essays dedicated to the new media, doing business on the web,
digital content, its creation and distribution, e-publishing, e-
books, digital reference, DRM technology, and other related issues.
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NEW BOOK : HEBREW SHORT STORIES

Title : "The Suffering of Being Kafka"

Author : Shmuel (Sam) Vaknin

Description :

A second volume of Hebrew short stories.

URL : http://samvak.tripod.com/sipurim.html

DOWNLOAD FREE E-BOOK: http://samvak.tripod.com/sipurim.zip


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Thank you

Sam

Hi, guys!

Welcome to the first issue of "Links and Factoids".

LINK

http://digital.library.pitt.edu/nietz/

The Nietz Old Textbook Collection is one of several well-known
collections of 19th Century schoolbooks in the United States.  Among
the 16,000 volumes are many titles that are rarely held and have not
yet been reproduced in microform collections or reprint editions.
The collection is used by Pitt faculty and students as well as
visiting scholars from other colleges and universities.  The ULS
received two U.S.  Higher Education Act Title IIC grants (1985-1987)
to catalog the original collection.

FACTOID

Jack the Ripper, who committed his atrocities in September-October
1888, was not the tall, gaunt, gothic, dark figure we all "know"
from countless movies.

Actually, he was probably seen more than once shortly before he
committed his crimes.

He was described as short, stocky (stout), shabbily dressed (though
a gentleman), foreign-looking (euphemism for Jewish-looking), and
with a moustache.  He wore a deerstalker hat (similar to Sherlock
Holmes'), wore no cape and carried no cane.

Read more about this elusive figure here:

http://www.casebook.org/