_Works Along the Way_ contains colour photographs and brief descriptions
of some 120 Icelandic structures built using concrete. These include
houses, churches, power stations, lighthouses, factories, office
buildings, swimming pools, sheepfolds, and bridges. The structures are
organised by region and small maps are provided to help locate them.
The descriptions are surprisingly engaging, providing information about
history, society, and so forth rather than focusing narrowly on the
structures themselves. Here are a couple of examples.
*Chapel in Kirkjubæjarklaustur*
Architects: Helgi and Vilhjálmur Hjálmarsson
The chapel, built from 1969-1974, is a memorial to the Reverend
Jón Steingrímsson, the "fire priest". According to legend,
he stopped a flow of molten lava with his prayers just before
it reached his church during the Skaftáreldar eruption of 1783.
The building was partially financed by farmers in the Skaftafell
district, each contributing one lamb a year for a considerable
period of time. The walls of the chapel have a special texture
that stems from the moulds used to cast them and suggests
stone-built walls. The roof "floats" on a row of narrow windows
that completely encircles the building.
--
*Transmission line poles in Gilsfjörður*
Design: Arkitektastofan, Línuhönnun, and Ístak. Construction: Ístak
Concrete power line poles in Gilsfjörður and Þorskafjördur,
built in 1980, carry the high voltage West Iceland power line
across the fjords. A steel tower was erected on landfill in the
middle of each fjord, so that the line can hang in two spans over
each body of water. The 12 concrete poles perform the function
of an anchor, their shape designed to resist the downward force
of the power line with the additional weight of ice and the
force of wind on the lines. The traditional solution would have
been heavy concrete foundations holding down light steel masts.
Here, the concrete in the foundations was used to form a unique
supporting structure and clearly demonstrates the strength needed
to carry the wires. Each pole consists of four pre-cast units
above ground, each weighing between 15-20 tonnes.
The only additional material consists of a half-page forward and four
pages of black and white photos illustrating construction work.
I only acquired _Works Along the Way_ at the end of a two week visit
to Reykjavik and southern Iceland, but wished I had had it earlier.
It would have provided a useful guide to the twenty or so structures
covered which we saw, and might have helped us locate some of the others.
--
%T Works Along the Way
%A Sigurdsson, Gisli
%I Icelandic Concrete Association
%D 2002
%O paperback
%G ISBN 9979-60-751-3
%P 56pp
%K architecture, Iceland
%Z notable Icelandic architecture in concrete
5 December 2009
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Copyright (c) 2009 Danny Yee http://danny.oz.au/
Danny Yee's Book Reviews http://dannyreviews.com/
------------------------------------------------------
-- ____________________________ Edwin We are all atheists about most of the gods that societies have ever believed in. Some of us just go one god further. -Richard Dawkins, biologist and author (b. 1941)
visit our website openspace.org.in
The core of _Angkor_ focuses on the classical civilisation of Angkor,
which was the leading power in mainland Southeast Asia from 802 to 1327.
A chapter on political history covers the vicissitudes of its wars and
successions, but also the construction of temples, in the Angkor area
and elsewhere. And a chapter on cultural and social history looks
at everyday life, administration and law, arts and entertainment, and
so forth. The sixteen pages of colour photographs are mostly devoted
to buildings, landscapes and inscriptions from the Angkor complex.
The other chapters extend this to a general history of Cambodia and Khmer
civilization. As general background, Coe describes the "rediscovery"
of Angkor and the history of archaeological work on it, and provides
information about flora and fauna and peoples and languages. He covers
prehistory and the "early kingdoms" period of "Funan", Oc-Eo, and Angkor
Borei, and includes brief introductions to Hinduism and Buddhism. And a
final chapter covers post-Classic history down to the colonial period.
Coe is a historian but not a Cambodia specialist -- he is best known
for his work on the Maya. At this level of detail that is not a real
disadvantage and _Angkor_ is a nice synthesis, an informative work
which packs in a lot of detail but which is also a lot of fun to read.
Extensive illustrations -- black and white photographs and maps as well
as the colour plates -- help to make it attractive as well. I highly
recommend _Angkor: And the Khmer Civilization_ for anyone after a short
history of pre-colonial Cambodia.
--
%T Angkor
%S And the Khmer Civilization
%A Coe, Michael D.
%I Thames and Hudson
%D 2003
%O paperback, colour photographs, index
%G ISBN 0-500-28442-3
%P 240pp
%K Southeast Asia, archaeology, medieval history
3 December 2009
------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2009 Danny Yee http://danny.oz.au/
Danny Yee's Book Reviews http://dannyreviews.com/
------------------------------------------------------
-- ____________________________ Edwin We are all atheists about most of the gods that societies have ever believed in. Some of us just go one god further. -Richard Dawkins, biologist and author (b. 1941)
visit our website openspace.org.in
Police Training: Opening the door for professional and community-oriented policing
This notebook discusses how a strategy to work toward promoting community policing in Thailand and other countries in Asia utilized the introduction of a unique, computer-based police training education program to engage and enlist the support of key leadership of the Royal Thai Police (RTP) to champion the training tool. As a tactic, the computer-based police training program provides an excellent tool to help police more effectively address their own immediate day-to-day policing challenges while also serving to build mutual trust, acknowledgement and support. Download this notebook
SYNOPSIS This book examines how hawks and neo-conservatives in the Republican Party
forged a nexus with powerful right wing Catholics that would change the face of American Catholicism, the structuring of social policy in the United States, and the
American agenda in the world.
At the start of the 1980s, the Church’s social justice agenda had been committed to alleviating poverty, to demilitarization, to affirmative action, and to ending capital punishment—an
agenda antipathetic to the Republican platform. By the end of the nineties, its
justice agenda was marginalized, and political action was mobilized around
concern for the dying and the unborn.
It would change not just the face of American Catholicism, but the face of social policy in the United States as it exists to this day. Clermont's rigorous and extensively documented research examines how and why it was done.
ISBN: 978-0932863638 351 pp. $19.95 2009
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE: 1968 - “NEOCONSERVATISM” BEGINS CHAPTER TWO: CATHOLICISM: THE NEOCONSERVATIVE RELIGION OF CHOICE The Knights of Malta Opus Dei Opus Dei in America The Vatican Bank The Papacy: “A Perfect Vehicle” CHAPTER THREE: HAWKS AND NEOCONS ALIGN Ronald Reagan Materialized Out of Nowhere The Nixon/Ford Administration The Heritage Foundation CHAPTER FOUR: FORMATION OF THE RELIGIOUS RIGHT The Moral Majority The National Conservative Political Action Committee The Conservative Caucus Building an American Nationalist Christian Theology Abortion Support for Israel CHAPTER FIVE: TWO POPES NAMED JOHN PAUL John Paul I And the Winner Is…Woytyla! CHAPTER SIX: JOHN PAUL II AND LATIN AMERICA Liberation Theology Right-wing Retrenchment Under John Paul II The Neoconservatives Confront Liberation Theology John Paul II Tours Latin America CHAPTER SEVEN: MAKING MOVIE ACTOR REAGAN “GOD’S MAN” The 1980 Presidential Campaign Foreign Backers The Iran Hostage Crisis Infesting the Reagan Administration Deploying the Papacy Against the USSR The US and the Holy See: Government to Government Finding “Parallelism” on Abortion, Star Wars and Latin America CHAPTER EIGHT: POPE JOHN PAUL II AND THE MEDIA The Pope John Paul II Cultural Center Fatima Joaquin Navarro-Valls CHAPTER NINE: THE NEOCON CHURCH “Reform” of the Episcopate The Last Hurrah for Progressive Prelates The Neocon Pope Obedience Homosexuality Education The Neo-Catholic Episcopate The 1996 Presidential Campaign CHAPTER TEN: NEO-CATHOLIC PROTAGONISTS Michael Novak George Weigel Rev. Richard John Neuhaus Rev. C. John McCloskey III Rev. Frank Pavone Rick Santorum CHAPTER ELEVEN: THE 2000 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN The Catholic Task Force The Neo-Catholic Campaign Looking Ahead to 2004: Goodbye Evangelicals, Hello Catholics CHAPTER TWELVE: POLITICAL PATRONAGE IN THE GUISE OF CHARITY Charitable Choice The Faith-Based and Community Initiative Faith-based Legislation Faith-based Discrimination in Hiring Primary Purposes and End Goals CHAPTER THIRTEEN: THE SEX ABUSE SCANDAL The Philadelphia Grand Jury Report History of the scandal Republican and Vatican Responses Neo-Catholic Responses Targeting Boston’s Liberal Catholics The John Jay Report Anything But Mea Culpa Blaming Predation on Homosexuality An American (or Boston) “Problem” Abuse Caused by “Culture of Dissent” Clerical Sexual Abuse is “History” Victims Are In This For The Money And Besides, Social Programs Will Suffer Targeting Priests But Not Other Professions But NOT Celibacy Officially, Homosexuals Are the Scapegoats CHAPTER FOURTEEN: THE 2004 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN The War in Iraq The US Neo-Catholics Tout “Just War” Doctrine The Pope Strives Tirelessly for Peace The Neo-Catholics: War Is Beyond the Competence of Religious Authority Purging the Vatican Doves The Neo-Catholic 2004 Campaign The Attack on John Kerry The Vatican intervenes for Bush Republican Catholic Outreach Deal Hudson: The “Most Influential” Catholic in Washington Vatican Grants Knighthood to Pro-choice Official Countdown to Election Day Kerry Wins … Bush Wins the Catholic Vote Neo-Catholics on Torture CHAPTER FIFTEEN: POPE BENEDICT XVI From “God’s Rottweiler” to Opus Dei’s Pope The Heart of the Matter: Money Relations With Other Religions Jews Muslims Europe as Christendom, and Vice Versa A Singular Status at the UN Vatican Overtures to Russia and China The Church’s Relation With Italy CHAPTER SIXTEEN: BENEDICT XVI VISITS THE US US Donations to the Vatican Navigating the Diplomatic Thicket Hosting the Vicar of Christ Addressing Sex Abuse and Immigration Assessments of Benedict’s Visit CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: THE 2008 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN Summation of the Bush Presidency Iraq Torture and Deaths of Detainees Deaths on the Border The New Poverty Abortions The Campaign Begins Bush Visits Benedict—Again Communion Denial Strikes Again Putting Abortion Back On Center Stage The National Conventions Sarah Palin Christian National Initiatives The Post-Convention Campaign The Catholic Vote Proves To Be Elusive EPILOGUE Mission Accomplished Christian National Failures A New US/Vatican Relationship The Poisoning of US Religion The Future
BETTY CLERMONT is holder of a certificate in theological studies. As a former employee of the Archdiocese of Atlanta, she has had an opportunity to view the institution from the inside out. She has previously reported for Atlanta Progressive News, contributed editorials to Atlanta Latino and written for Voice of the Faithful as regards the sex-abuse scandal.
Forwarded on behalf of Graciela Dede,
Uruguay / Enviado en nombre de Graciela Dede, Uruguay
____________________________________
Dear all,
The OHCHR has recently released a revised version of the
Fact Sheet on the right to adequate housing. It is a very useful instrument for
understanding the components of the human right to adequate housing.
We have successfully used it for trainings and courses.
It's good to see how these small OHCHR booklets keep evolving, compiling new
references and the work of different actors on the field.
Below the direct link to the document and to the website
of OHCHR's fact sheets (soon available in other languages).
Direct link to the fact sheet on the right to adequate
housing:
The Awakening Anita Agnihotri, Translated by Nandini Guha Zubaan, 2009, pp 285 , Rs 295
The painting of the eyes on an image of the goddess Durga on Mahalaya is considered to be a holy event in which those classified as chamars (leather workers) under orthodox Hinduism cannot participate. Nandini Guha’s translation of Anita Agnihotri’s Bengali novel, The Awakening, focuses on a chamar, Arjun Das, who is allowed to do so by a pro-reform image-maker Ram Pal.
The so-called evil eye of the chamar wishes to make Durga-images that have the “mystery of life” in them, images of a “mystery” that “can neither be touched nor held.” In Arjun’s own life, one caste is not permitted what another is under orthodox Hinduism, one class cannot afford the Durga image another can, all bodies do not have the power to elect their political representatives or to serve as representatives although the Indian Constitution gives equal rights to all citizens, and good does not necessarily triumph over evil.
Agnihotri’s novel deals with life in Bengal from the 1960s to the end of the twentieth century, a period of violent Naxal rebellion coupled with extrajudicial police action, popular land reforms and anguish over industrial stagnation, the flight of investment and talent from the state, and the official arrival of globalization. These changes find their way into the moulds of the goddesses and gods Arjun makes each year. These moulds are the “signs of his progress.” Arjun’s “saga of hard work, half-empty stomachs and sleepless nights” does not fetch him the success he desires even though the eyes he paints each year witness the changes around him — changes that are not free of injustice, changes that at times do not even show an awareness of injustice.
The images of Durga that Arjun creates represent the victory of good over evil just as the images of the male gods do. But in real life, under orthodox Hinduism, women can neither be priests nor function officially as idol makers. They are murdered for dowry, raped and molested, and sent to their parents’ homes when prenatal sex determination tests reveal that they will birth daughters.
Arjun admits to himself that the “magical writing of eyes, the paint and clay were all part of a spell of fantasy — which extinguished itself as soon as he climbed down from the scaffolding.” To save his daughter who was asked to abort her female foetus, he borrows money that he would not have taken to support his work. Is contemplating what is good more important than acting out ideals? This question connects Arjun’s story with the other stories in the novel that flow into his story and out of it too — like the river from which the idol makers collect clay and in which the idols are immersed each year at the end of the ceremonies — running through the text.
The baby birthed by Arjun’s daughter arrives in Arunima’s lap, Arunima who had lost her Naxal sons to police violence in jail. Is the world of Arjun’s granddaughter more just than that of Arunima’s sons? Is survival enough? These questions surface here and also when the Welfare Board for Scheduled Castes and Tribes allows Arjun’s son to take a loan that will allow him to make shoes, the traditional occupation of chamars. Did Arjun’s struggle as a “low” caste idol maker cramp his son’s occupational desires? The powerful examination of these questions suffers at times due to the riverine treatment of the stories — dissolving, floating, but not sticking, suggesting falsely that the effects of the stories on each other can be easily washed away.
In this translation that stutters and falls into grammatical ditches, Nandini Guha is generally able to capture the essence of Anita Agnihotri’s work. It would have been very useful if the translator had included a short essay on Agnihotri in this edition or even an interview with the author to make the flavour of the original text more accessible to the reader of the translation.
-- Cynthia Stephen Independent Writer and Researcher
And may you be blessed with the foolishness to think that you can make a difference in the world, so that you will do things which others tell you cannot be done
"Every budding dictatorship begins by muzzling the artists, because they're a mouthy lot and they don't line up and salute very easily." Margaret Atwood : Canadian Literary Icon. blog: http.//cynstepin.wordpress.com
Black Butterfly Review presents 2009 Best...
Please take this opportunity to vote for your 2009 Best literary categories.
The deadline for submission will be December 15th and the winners will be
announced December 20th.
The link below will take you to the site.
http://www.eSurveysPro.com/Survey.aspx?id=86644618-490b-4bb2-99c3-6e5e88a4e876
Thanks for your continued support.
Eleanor!
Eleanor S. Shields
Black Butterfly Review
www.blackbutterflyreview.com
A Forgotten Liberator - the life and struggle of Savitribai Phule
ISBN 978-81-906277-0-2, pp 95, price Rs.200/-
by
KM Venugopal
This tiny book on the life of Savitribai Phule contains remarkable accounts by six authors on unique aspects of the lives and thoughts of the Phules each highlighting a different aspect. Some of the essays also tell us about other women and men without whose active support, their struggles might not have taken the course they did. The names of Jyotirao and Savitri Phule, the couple who were great fighters for the cause of human dignity and reason, are not unheard by people outside Maharashtra. But there seems to be very little access to the details of their personal-political lives. This volume helps in a big way to fill the gap.
In a piece captioned “Love Letters Unlike Any Other” with an introduction by Sunil Sardar, there is a translation of three letters penned by Savitri to Jyotiba in Marathi in 1856, 1868 and 1877. They offer a remarkable insight into the relationship between the couple. There is a section with some rare photographs and illustrations depicting key events in Savitri Phule’s personal and public life. In another essay, entitled ‘Pioneering Engaged Writing’, Sunil Sardar and Victor Paul present translations of Savitri’s five poems written in Marati. These poems show the fervor with which early reformers of modern era greeted the agenda of education, particularly English education which had a refreshing content entirely different from which constituted the
traditional idea of learning. There is a brief chronology of Savitribai’s life, a bibliography of her writings and a suggested list of readings appended to the book. A wonderful essay authored by Muktabai, a eleven year old dalit girl who studied at the Pune
school for girls set up by the Phules, also comprises part of this volume. The essay was first published in 1855 in Dnyanodaya, a contemporary journal, and has been translated from the original Marathi. Braj Ranjan Mani, one of the editors, has also written an introduction to this essay.
In his detailed Introduction to the book, Mani observes: “It is indeed a measure of the ruthlessness of elite-controlled knowledge- production that a figure as important as Savitribai Phule fails to find any mention in the history of modern India. This is not to deny the works by Marati authors….Her life and struggle, however, deserves to be appreciated by a wider spectrum, and made known to non-Marati people as well..” Commenting about the relevance of the Phule struggles, the editor rightly points out : “..Their distinct brand of socio-cultural radicalism was based on uniting all the oppressed, whom they would call stree-shudra-atishudra”.
Often, questions initiated by extraordinary visionaries, seem casual and even ridiculous as they are first asked, but much later, their significance dawns on us: that what has happened was nothing less than historic. We then learn to ask similar questions ourselves, though with much less confidence and in a timid voice. But as time passes we forget that they would never have reached our thoughts had they not been asked earlier with much personal courage and strength of conviction by those whose lives are the markers of milestones in history.
The unrelenting day-to-day struggles by which Savitribai Phule and her beloved life partner Jyotirao Phule almost upset an entire system of institutionalized privileges and deprivations are amply highlighted in this compilation. The Brahmanical hierarchy was disproportionately more powerful and firmly rooted in its ideology of exclusivity in comparison to the modernist interventions by Satyashodhak Samaj. Through educational activism motivated by the great values of social inclusion and egalitarianism, the Phules had to undergo some of the toughest challenge in their personal livesbut could sustain the extremely precarious dynamic of these struggles.
In these days of ‘post modern’ thinking, we often fail to look back to the painful historical processes through which a major chunk of the population of this country, comprising sections of Sudhras, Atisudras and women could successfully voice their demands for inclusion as dignified human beings.
Pamela Sardar in one of the essays gives a touching account of how Jyotiba’s cousin, Sagunabai Kshirsagar mentored the Phule couple. As Jyotiba’s mother died when he was very young, Sugunabai who was a child widow played the part of both his mother and mentor. There is an account of how Sugunabai intervened positively to change the entire course of life of Jyotiba. Thanks to the help of her employer, a missionary Mr. John, who enabled Jyoti's admission to school; and Mr. Leggit, an English Officer and a Muslim scholar Gaffar Beg, she succeeded in getting Jyotiba’s father Govindarao reverse his decision to take back Jyotiba to the
family business of selling flowers even before completing his schooling. A brahmin clerk working in his shop had persuaded the father to withdraw him saying, "Your son would be of no use for business, and more important, our Hindu Dharma does not allow a shudra to get education. An educated shudra and his whole clan suffer in hell for seven generations!” As a brahmin's words could not be ignored by a shudra in those times the father had complied, but Sugunabai’s foresight and timely intervention enabled him to be readmitted to school.
In another essay, Gail Omvedt sets out an equally interesting and touching touching account related to Savitribai’s mission of educating girls of the lower castes is given. Savitribai suffered not just constant verbal abuses from the Brahman women in the
neighborhood, but also had to carry two sets of clothing as she went to teach in the school for girls in Pune (which was founded by the couple in 1851). Brahmin women regularly threw dung at her and men occasionally stoned her as she walked up to her school.!
Similarly, Cynthia Stephen writes in her piece entitled "The Stuff Legends are made of" : “The young couple faced severe opposition from almost all sections. Savitribai was subject to intense harassment everyday as she walked to the school. Stones, mud and dirt were flung at her as she passed”. Cynthia goes further to describe how the perseverance of the Phules succeeded in spite of all these malicious deeds by representatives of the Brahmanical mainstream. By gaining the goodwill of people from different walks of life including a distinguished Muslim gentleman, few scholars, officials and educationists the schools run by the Phules got firmly established in a short period of time. By 1852 November, the educational department of the government even organized a public
felicitation of the Phule couple. There is another interesting narration of an attempt on the life of Phule by two dalit men hired by local Brahmans. They broke into his home with swords to assassinate him one hight, and how they were left terribly impressed
by the great personality. Following a brief dialogue with these misguided persons, these men ended up joining the revolutionary in his plank of social reform.
The bold strides made by Savithribai and her husband through the Satyasodhak Samaj, in providing the most needed social space for widows, children of unwed mothers subjected to ostracism by the Hindu culture, remarrying of young Hindu widows sans ceremonial service of Brahman priests, educating women and the underprivileged etc., would perhaps be unthinkable even for the present day reformers in spite of being equipped by the unique constitutional mechanism of Independent India.
Victor Paul in the essay titled ‘A Relentless Truth seeker’ lashes out at the Brahmanical nationalists while juxtaposing their typical attitude with that of the Phule couple’s preceding agenda of social reforms in the pre independent India: “(Nationalism in India….)While depicting the British period as a shameful and forgettable episode in an otherwise glorious historical and cultural saga of their nation, the nationalists conveniently overlook the fact that they themselves were the great beneficiaries of the plunder of the colonial era. Not surprisingly, almost all nationalist intellectual exercises of the period, appear to be an attempt to hoodwink the masses by blaming the British for all uncomfortable and nefarious internal issues..”
Many of the vital aspects of reforms taken up by Jyotiba and Savitribai remain to be fulfilled these days, despite the heightened awareness on caste and Hinduism thanks to the teachings of Babasaheb Ambedkar and by many others later. Unfortunately for many of us, this state of affairs is much likely to continue as long as the failure of the agenda of social reforms does not get acknowledged at a wider level. This book arrives at precisely this juncture to remind us of this fact, both in first person accounts and otherwise.
It would be worthwhile to quote Gopal Guru : "..Dalits are expected to take the initiative in giving moral lead to doing theory in the country. This orientation would thus remove the cultural hierarchies that tend to divide social science practice into theoretical brahmins and empirical shudras. Ultimately social science in India would fulfill the fondest hopes by expanding the social base
of its conceptual landscape...” (How Egalitarian Are Social Sciences In India?- EPW, 2001)
Forwarded by Cynthia Stephen Independent Writer and Researcher
And may you be blessed with the foolishness to think that you can make a difference in the world, so that you will do things which others tell you cannot be done
"Every budding dictatorship begins by muzzling the artists, because they're a mouthy lot and they don't line up and salute very easily." Margaret Atwood : Canadian Literary Icon. blog: http.//cynstepin.wordpress.com
Each issue aims to highlight some of the latest news, content and developments on Eldis Community; the free, not for profit, on-line community dedicated to people working in international development.
Unwanted messages on Eldis Community
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If you are contacted by someone and you think that they might not be a valid Eldis Community member do not reply, but instead email the Eldis Community Coordinator with the details and they will check.
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Institute of Development Studies (IDS)
At the University of Sussex
Brighton, BN1 9RE
UK
By now most of us know what the free market and capital response to climate change has been through carbon trading. Its utility in arresting climate change has also been exposed. All of this now shown graphically in a comic book in the attachment.
Recognising the power of maps, Tactical Tech has published a booklet - Maps for Advocacy - which is an introduction to Geographical Mapping Techniques.
The booklet is an effective guide to using maps in advocacy. The mapping process for advocacy is explained vividly through case studies, descriptions of procedures and methods, a review of data sources as well as a glossary of mapping terminology. Scattered through the booklet are links to websites which afford a glance at a few prolific mapping efforts.
The purpose of the booklet is to enable advocacy groups explore the potential of maps to effectively send out their message. It was written in collaboration with Sean O' Conner with the support of the Open Society Institute.
_Birth of the Chess Queen_ is a history of chess in medieval Europe
which focuses on the status of queens both on and off the chessboard.
Starting sometime around the 10th century, the vizier inherited from
Islamic chess began to be renamed a queen. This piece could originally
move only to adjacent diagonal squares, but in the 15th century it gained
the modern queen's move, making it the most powerful piece on the board.
Yalom describes these changes as part of a broader social history of chess
and of women players. She looks at the Islamic and Byzantine world,
Spain, Italy and Germany, France and England, Scandinavia, and Russia;
the rulers who feature include Eleanor of Aquitaine, Margaret of Denmark,
Isabella of Castile, and Catherine the Great, among many others.
Representations of chess queens can be linked to the cult of the Virgin
Mary. Chess also had links with the cult of love and was a symbol of
romance, as chess-playing was one of the few ways in which noble women
could interact with men. In the early modern "end game" many of these
connections weakened: as chess became more professional and public,
Yalom argues, it ceased to be so acceptable a pursuit for women.
Much of _Birth of the Chess Queen_ consists of potted histories of female
rulers without any immediate connection to the game of chess. There is
some discussion of the provenance and interpretation of manuscripts,
chess pieces and sets, and paintings -- illustrated with halftones
and eight pages of colour photographs -- but the sources are limited
and the evidence simply isn't there to make more than a plausibility
argument for a link between the changes to the game and the prominence
of particular women.
_Birth of the Chess Queen_ includes references and avoids the
embellishments and exaggerations of pop history, but it is a lively,
accessible work aimed at a general audience, which could be enjoyed by
readers who know nothing about chess and little about medieval history.
--
%T Birth of the Chess Queen
%S A History
%A Yalom, Marilyn
%I HarperCollins
%D 2004
%O hardcover, notes, index
%G ISBN 0-06-009064-2
%P 272pp
%K social history, feminism, medieval history
%Z powerful women and chess in medieval Europe
31 October 2009
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Copyright (c) 2009 Danny Yee http://danny.oz.au/
Danny Yee's Book Reviews http://dannyreviews.com/
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Title: Coconut Water for health and healing
Author: Dr. Bruce Fife
Publisher: Piccadilly Books, Ltd.
ISBN: 978-0-941599- 66-5
Genre: Non-Fiction / Health
Presentation - Soft Cover
The water of a tender (green) coconut is a natural electrolyte, rich in
potassium and other minerals needed. It is thus a natural sports drink. I knew
that much before I accepted this book for review and was curious how a book
could be written about that!
I was in for a pleasant surprise when I received this beautifully printed book
with a colorful cover and found it well edited, printed well with a good
collection of photos to drive the points home.
In 10 chapters, a few appendixes and 223 pages, the author succeeds in educating
us about all the health benefits of coconut water. Did you know that Coconut
water cured the cataract of eyes of a person? Well, I did not know that! Did you
know that coconut water is a good way of detoxing without many problems
associated with plain water fast and fruit juice fasts?
There are many more uses of tender coconut water and many of the same benefits
are obtained from packaged coconut water too. Coconut milk is not to be confused
with coconut water. Dr. Fife has given several recipes at the end of this book
that use coconut water, coconut milk or desiccated coconut etc. Fresh tender and
mature coconuts are of course available in many parts of the world and can be
used.
All in all, this is a highly readable book on the several health benefits of
coconut water. I am lucky to be in a country where tender coconuts are sold
roadside and also packed coconut water is available in departmental stores just
in case, I need to travel to places where fresh coconuts may not be available.
Bruce Fife, N.D. is the author of 18 books including The Coconut Oil Miracle
(formerly titled The Healing Miracles of Coconut Oil), Coconut Lover's Cookbook,
and Eat Fat, Look Thin, The Detox Book, Saturated Fat May Save Your Life, and
Health Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation etc. He is the director of the
Southern Colorado chapter of the Weston A. Price Foundation and serves as the
editor of the Healthy Ways Newsletter.
I am glad to recommend this book for all interested in health of themselves and
or their family members, friends etc.
The reviewer is an author, editor, reviewer and a holistic healer. See
http://swamyreviews.blogspot.com for his reviews.
Each issue aims to highlight some of the latest news, content and developments on Eldis Community; the free, not for profit, on-line community dedicated to people working in international development.
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Institute of Development Studies (IDS)
At the University of Sussex
Brighton, BN1 9RE
UK
Probus Guide for Seniors
For the eighteenth successful year, Probus Club of Chennai (Tamil Nadu)has
brought out this Annual reference book â€" sort of Almanac. The book may be
considered to be in three parts, though no such distinction is claimed by the
compilers or publishers. First part gives background information about the club
in the form of a note by the President, the conceptual framework, nostalgic
account of how the series of annual publication began and developed, list of
contributors etc. The list of contributors reads like a who is who among
eminent retirees of Chennai comprising of doctors, psychologists, engineers,
teachers, corporate executives, geriatricians, chartered accountants and so on.
The Educational Assistance offered by the club is commendable: With a corpus
grown to more than ten lakhs (from six lakhs last year), helping some 55 high
school students in four schools is praiseworthy. This activity will help
bridging the generation gap that senior citizens are prone to suffer.
The second part provides a series of short articles on various topics of
interest to the aged persons like: Law, Safety, Income Tax, Budget, Religion,
hobbies and health. As health appears to be one of the most important concerns,
there are about ten articles in this area alone. There are three articles in
Tamil. There is an account of Chennai in olden days â€" Madras: I liked it much
as my hometown is Madras. Apart from signed articles there are a good number of
extracts from the websites on topics like: home remedies, all about blood, quiz
on heart attack, quiz on angina, quiz on Alzheimers, organ donation, ambulance
and emergency services etc. An article on Reverse mortgage is timely and useful.
Among all contributions, there is an odd man out that does not fit into the
theme â€" you may discover it yourself if you read the whole book!
The third part is a sort of a directory. Items like Assistive and Enabling
devices, List of NGOs working for seniors, Eye banks, Blood banks, helpline,
important phone numbers, Old age Homes in Chennai and Tamil Nadu (130 out of 250
covered), Details of Doctors on House call, Facilities for renting wheel chairs,
walkers & the like, diagnostic labs etc are all given. In the case of Old Age
Homes, coverage of other states and cities has been omitted this year. List of
Palliative care centers in South India is a welcome addition. While we expect a
number of NGOs to be discussed under “Organizations working for the Elderlyâ€
we find only HelpAge being described. List of Ambulance services (65) is
exhaustive. Doctors willing to do house calls (increased from 50 to 60 in this
year) are thoughtfully given area wise.
The number of advertisements in this 300 pages book has come down from 40 last
year to 23 this year â€" thus increasing the value for your money! This Annual
publication for 2009 is available from Sri KV Chary, Chennai Ph 24981099 for a
nominal donation of Rs 100 plus postage. I would recommend this book to all
interested in Ageing related issues and the ordinary retiree looking for a handy
book giving addresses, phone numbers of products and service providers for his
specialized needs.
==========
Title: Southcrop Forest
Author: Lorne Rothman
Publisher: iUniverse
ISBN: 978-0595-49588-7
Genre: Fiction / Children / Science / Ecology
This book is presented as a novel but is in fact a good introduction to the
interdependence of various life systems in our world. The story is set in Canada
and involves many trees and a colony of crawlers with a single intelligence
(soul). The Colony of crawlers (caterpillars) calls itself Fur and is able to
communicate with the trees, starting with Auja, a young Oak and then through her
with others. Fur is persuaded by the trees to leave Southcrop, go to Riverside
Farm, collect some mysterious fungal spores, cross Oak River and carry the
spores to the forests of Deep Sky. The journey of Fur through the forest, the
many problems faced by Fur and how Fur pushes itself against its own impulses to
give up makes good reading.
Through the interesting and fairly readable medium of the story, the author
presents an interesting account of the various trees, birds, animals and insects
that inhabit the forests. He brings out the danger to the ecology that human
greed is bringing and succeeds in his message for a more holistic approach from
us towards the environment. The story ends with a startling discovery by Fur but
that is best left for you, the reader to find out.
It is an interesting concept and the author has succeeded in making a readable
book. The book is recommended for children in high schools and their educators,
parents etc.
Vietnam: A Natural History
Eleanor Jane Sterling + Martha Maud Hurley + Le Duc Minh
illustrated by Joyce A. Powzyk
Yale University Press 2006
423 pages, illustrations, bibliography, index
_Vietnam: A Natural History_ is a broad survey of Vietnam's biogeography,
ecology, flora and fauna, and biodiversity and its conservation.
The presentation is scholarly but accessible, with plenty of general
background and context provided. Twenty boxes, some by additional
contributors, focus on specific topics and break up the text. Maps,
satellite imagery and photographs of landscapes help with visualisation
of the geography. And Powzyk's beautiful colour drawings bring some of
the more distinctive plants and animals to life.
A brief history of Vietnam describes the human context and a
biogeographical overview the physical one. A survey of environments
then covers the key plant communities: lowland evergreen, semi-evergreen,
deciduous dipterocarp, montane, limestone, mangrove and freshwater swamp
forests, savanna, and seasonally inundated savannas and grasslands.
"Limestone formations harbor a larger number of species per unit
area compared with other vegetative communities. Many of these
are endemic, some known only from a single hill. ...
Among the unusual species found on Vietnam's karsts is the
Golden Vietnamese Cypress (_Xanthocyparis vietnamensis_).
Described from limestone ridges in the Bat Dai Son Mountains of
Ha Giang Province in 2005, ...
Vegetation over limestone passes through clear transitions of
structure and composition with increasing altitude, much as
Vietnam's other forests do. ..."
An overview of Vietnam's fauna is followed by three chapters that look at
the environments and organisms of northern, central, and southern Vietnam
in more detail. (Preparing for a visit to the Mekong Delta, I read
only the third of these chapters.) The general biology and worldwide
and Southeast Asian taxonomy of groups is covered, as background to
the Vietnamese species. There is considerable detail in this, but no
attempt to provide a field guide. It's not a travel guide, either,
though there are some details about specific locations and advice on
places for viewing wildlife.
Here are some extracts from the two and a half pages on the Sarus Crane:
"The Sarus Crane is the tallest flying bird in the world; adults
can stand almost 6 feet (1.75 m) tall with a nearly 10-foot
(3 m) wingspan. ...
The Sarus Crane's most distinctive behavior is its elaborate
dance displays and trumpeting duets. ...
... Monogamy has shaped both their morphology (the lack of
variation between the sexes) and behavior (unison calls) and is
in turn related to their ecology, longevity, and requirements for
successful breeding. Breeding is tightly linked to the Southeast
Asian monsoons, and in Cambodia breeding likely occurs from late
May to late November. ... Sarus Cranes defend territories in
seasonally flooded wetlands and glades bordered by dry dipterocarp
forests, and will not breed if water levels are too low. ...
Sarus Cranes historically were found from Pakistan to the
Philippines and Australia. Populations of the eastern Sarus
Crane subspecies have drastically declined to only 500-1,500
birds. ... In 1984 the birds were resighted for the first time
in rehabilitated wetlands on the Plain of Reeds. To protect the
cranes and their fragile habitat, Tram Chim District Reserve,
now a national park, was created in 1986."
The final chapters describe the threats to Vietnam's biodiversity and
the status of its conservation laws and programs. Along with habitat
destruction, the major threat is wildlife hunting and collection, for
consumption and other uses, both inside Vietnam and in regional markets.
Vietnam has signed major international conservation agreements, but legal
and institutional frameworks for conservation are still being constructed.
_A Natural History_ will provide excellent background for anyone working
in conservation in Vietnam. It may also be useful for biologists who
want a broader perspective in which to place their fieldwork. And it
should appeal to other visitors or travellers with a serious natural
history bent.
--
%T Vietnam: A Natural History
%A Sterling, Eleanor Jane
%A Hurley, Martha Maud
%A Minh, Le Duc
%Q Powzyk, Joyce A.
%I Yale University Press
%D 2006
%O hardcover, illustrations, bibliography, index
%G ISBN 0-300-10608-4
%P 423pp
%K Vietnam, zoology, botany, conservation
%Z biogeography, flora and fauna, and conservation
26 October 2009
------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2009 Danny Yee http://danny.oz.au/
Danny Yee's Book Reviews http://dannyreviews.com/
------------------------------------------------------
Presented as a set of eighty six footnotes to a missing text, _Bartleby &
Co_ consists of anecdotal commentary on "writers of the No", known as
Bartlebys after a character of Melville's, who have stopped writing or
not written for one or another reason. They are unable to write, have
made philosophical or practical decisions not to write, or have simply
never got around to writing.
A huge range of writers feature in this. There are those such as Thomas
Pynchon or the Peruvian poet Emilio Adolfo Westphalen, who went for
many years without writing. There are unknown figures who never wrote
at all. And there are those who contributed ideas, such as Wittgenstein's
"whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent".
There is structure to the overall work, which is clearly not a collection
of actual footnotes. But the links are loose and there is a lot of
indirection, such as a correspondent mentioning an author whose character
illustrates some aspect of not writing. And Vila-Matas disconcertingly
mixes in some fictional material: he invents a character Clement Cadou,
for example, who meets the Polish poet Witold Gombrowicz as a child and
is written about by Georges Perec.
The frame around this involves a writer -- at least of footnotes -- who
intrudes himself into his commentary. There isn't a narrative in this,
but we learn scattered personal details. He is humpbacked, likes the
music of Chet Baker, wrote a novel a long time ago, corresponds with
others who provide him with leads, and eventually loses his job.
_Bartleby & Co._ is amusing and thought provoking, but it is very
much a literary work, full of ideas and connections whose full appeal
depends on familiarity with the history of Western literature. It's not
something that will have mass appeal.
--
%T Bartleby & Co.
%A Vila-Matas, Enrique
%M Spanish
%F Dunne, Jonathan
%I Harvill
%D 2004 [2000]
%O hardcover
%G ISBN 1-843-43052-5
%P 178pp
%K fiction
%Z writers who "prefer not to"
4 October 2009
------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2009 Danny Yee http://danny.oz.au/
Danny Yee's Book Reviews http://dannyreviews.com/
------------------------------------------------------
Each issue aims to highlight some of the latest news, content and developments on Eldis Community; the free, not for profit, on-line community dedicated to people working in international development.
Climate Lite: making climate change and development issues easy to digest
As climate change is a cross cutting development issue, it is important to look at the range of resources that can provide a good overview of climate change issues, without having to become an expert on the subject. The Climate Change and Development Centre (CCDC) at IDS has been examining this issue.
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Eldis Community
Institute of Development Studies (IDS)
At the University of Sussex
Brighton, BN1 9RE
UK
A
new book claims to give readers an inside look at the Council on
American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), arguing everything from its claims of
financial and political clout to its genuine agenda are rooted in deception.
is
based in large part on access to CAIR operations obtained by Chris Gaubatz,
the son of co-author P. David Gaubatz. Using an alias, the younger Gaubatz
spent six months as a CAIR intern in 2008.
Working
under the name David Marshall, Chris Gaubatz worked closely with CAIR
leadership including Executive Director Nihad Awad,
Communications Director Ibrahim Hooper,
and Legislative Director Corey Saylor. Chris Gaubatz claims to have walked
out with 12,000 pages of documents (most of which he had been instructed to
shred) and 300 hours of clandestine video.
Among
the findings from co-authors Gaubatz and Paul Sperry: that CAIR wildly
exaggerates its membership numbers, that it is plagued by budget problems and
dissension, and that it is financially dependent on a small network of
wealthy Persian Gulf-based donors. In many cases, the book adds precision to
general facts about CAIR that already are in the public domain.
For
example, the Washington Timesreported
on CAIR's dwindling membership rolls in 2007, only to have officials
vehemently deny the story. According to Muslim Mafia, however, CAIR
had just 5,133 members at that time, a far cry from its claim of 50,000
members and further still from its stated goal of 100,000 members set at a
2002 board meeting.
CAIR
has sought to blame its membership and financial problems on the U.S.
government's decision to list it as an unindicted
co-conspirator in theHoly
Land Foundation terror-finance case. But its problems started well
before the designation. Internal records from the 2002 meeting showed CAIR's
membership was just 9,211 nationwide - with 903 people in California, 1,219
in Virginia, 870 in Texas, 775 in Illinois and 768 in New York.
Those
figures, the authors argue, challenge CAIR's claim that it is a
representative of the American Muslim community: "Using Pew Research's
survey estimate of 2.5 million American Muslims, CAIR's current five thousand
members represent just two-tenths of one percent of the U.S. Muslim
population. Using CAIR's inflated guesstimate of seven million American
Muslims, CAIR represents an even smaller fraction of the Muslim
community."
Muslim
Mafia claims that CAIR
relies on two dozen wealthy supporters, many of them from Persian Gulf
countries including Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, for 60
percent of its $2.7 million annual operating budget, including one donor who
contributes $600,000 a year.
The
authors point to notes from a 2006 board meeting where Awad reported that the
Washington public-relations firm Hill and Knowlton had put together a
"business plan" to help CAIR raise money from other Gulf states.
State Department records obtained by the Investigative Project on Terrorism show
that that year, CAIR officials, with Hill and Knowlton in tow, sought huge
donations from the United Arab Emirates and Saudi
Arabia.
Meanwhile,
IRS tax filings show CAIR's income from membership dues has been plummeting.
In 2006, CAIR operated at a loss of more than $160,000 - more than triple the
$50,000 deficit the group sustained in 2005. In 2004, by contrast, CAIR had a
surplus of more than $338,000.
"Membership
dues measures [sic] the organization's success and base of support,"
CAIR notes in a section of its report to the IRS explaining why it collects
dues. But its IRS filings show dues plummeting from more than $700,000 in
2000 to just over $40,000 in 2006.
The
bottom line, the authors say, is that "CAIR is unsupported by the
broader Muslim population, which finds it more a liability than an asset. And
given the anemic size of its member database, CAIR cannot possibly deliver on
its threats to bring the weight of the Muslim community to bear against
national politicians, CEOs, or advertisers for media personalities it doesn't
like."
But
even though CAIR is a paper tiger when it comes to mobilizing Muslim voters,
the organization has had numerous successes in other areas - particularly in
undermining law-enforcement efforts to secure Muslim cooperation in terrorism
investigations.
In
January, the Investigative Project on Terrorism broke
the news that the FBI had cut off access to CAIR after evidence in the
HLF trial showed CAIR founders were part of a Hamas-support network in the
U.S. In a subsequent letter, an FBI official said questions about CAIR's
relationship to Hamas led to the
conclusion the agency could "not view CAIR as an appropriate liaison
partner."
Anecdotes
in Muslim Mafia won't help the organization return to the FBI's good
graces. It offers examples of CAIR's efforts to impede federal investigations
related to terrorism despite its claim to be a partner to law enforcement.
For
example, Chapter Six details the way CAIR coached a mosque leader in Western
Maryland not to cooperate with an FBI investigation of suspicious activity.
Likewise,
a 2004 investigation was thwarted when the FBI raided the Institute for
Islamic and Arabic Sciences in America in Merrifield, Va. on suspicions of
terrorist activity. But when the agents from the Bureau's Joint Terrorism
Task Force arrived, the book claims, the building had been cleaned out
because CAIR had warned institute officials of the raid.
Another
chapter is devoted to the case of former Fairfax County,Va. Police Department
Sergeant Mohammad
Weiss Rasool, who pled guilty to illegally searching a federal database
in order to tip off a terror suspect about an FBI investigation.
"He's
a habitual liar and a traitor," a senior FCPD official said of Rasool.
"He disgraced the uniform." As CAIR's representative on the police
force, Rasool traveled into the District of Columbia to meet with CAIR
Executive Director Awad. A CAIR visitor log published on p. 325 of the book,
documents one of Rasool's visits in 2005.
The
log is among numerous examples of internal CAIR documents cited in the book.
Among them is a 2007 letter thanking Awad and CAIR for "the additional
contribution of $9,000 to be used for the legal expenses relative to Imam
Jamil Al-Amin's case." [Emphasis added]
Al-Amin
was convicted in 2002 of killing a Georgia police officer. CAIR and other
Islamist groups have touted his case, but the book shows CAIR gave directly
to his legal fund.
Other
published documents indicate a dysfunctional working environment in CAIR's
Washington headquarters, including allegations Sunni Muslims are treated
better than Shia. A September 2004 staff memo by senior official Khalid Iqbal
expressed concern about "Lost productivity," "Low employee
moral [sic]"; and lack of advancement opportunities and high turnover,
with more than 50 percent of CAIR National's workforce leaving in the past
year.
Pages
321-324 of the book feature a detailed letter by Tannaz Haddadi, an official
in CAIR's Washington office, alleging that she was demoted by Mr. Iqbal after
he learned that she was a Shia. Haddadi details her efforts to get Awad to
intervene without success.
Most
of the attention Muslim Mafia has received thus far focuses on details
of CAIR's efforts to place interns in congressional offices, especially with
members serving on committees covering Justice and Homeland Security. The
authors publish a 2007 memo in which Saylor reports that he placed Samia
Elshafie in a "Congressional Fellowship" in the office of Rep.
Sheila Jackson-Lee (D-TX). The authors identify Elshafie as "the
congresswoman's office contact for human rights issues."
On
Wednesday, U.S. Rep. Sue Myrick, who wrote the book's foreword, was joined by
three fellow Republicans in asking the House Sergeant at Arms to investigate
whether CAIR infiltrated congressional offices - specifically judiciary,
homeland security and intelligence committees. Additionally, the lawmakers
are asking the Internal Revenue Service to investigate the legality of CAIR's
tax-exempt status.
CAIR
still has its protectors in Congress, though, who stand by the organization
despite repeated and harmful documented disclosures. U.S. Rep. Loretta
Sanchez, D-CA, has issued a statement denouncing Myrick and her colleagues
for seeking an investigation of CAIR's efforts to infiltrate Congress based
on allegations contained in the book.
So
far, CAIR has not challenged the veracity of the claims in Muslim Mafia.
Instead, it has focused on the authors' political backgrounds and minimized
the findings. "All they can come up with is that we are political
active?" Hooper asked in a Politico
story. "The terror threat is that Muslims are politically active?"
That
seems a deliberate attempt to misstate the issue, which is not whether
Muslims should be employed on Capitol Hill or anywhere else. It is whether
CAIR is an honest and reliable broker for American Muslims. The record,
already long
and detailed before Muslim Mafia's publication, shows CAIR
habitually engages in deception about its activities. The book reinforces
that conclusion with internal examples.
UNDP 2009 Human Development Report Challenges Common Migration Misconceptions
Bangkok — Allowing for migration—both within and between countries—has the potential to increase people’s freedom and improve the lives of millions around the world, according to the 2009 Human Development Report launched here today.
We live in a highly mobile world, where migration is not only inevitable but also an important dimension of human development. Nearly one billion—or one out of seven—people are migrants. The Report, Overcoming barriers: Human mobility and development, demonstrates that migration can enhance human development for the people who move, for destination communities and for those who remain at home.
“Migration can be a force for good, contributing significantly to human development,” says United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Administrator Helen Clark. “But to realize its benefits, there needs to be a supportive policy environment as this Report suggests.”
Indeed, migration can raise a person’s income, health and education prospects. Most importantly, being able to decide where to live is a key element of human freedom, according to the Report, which also argues that large gains in human development can be achieved by lowering barriers and other constraints to movement and by improving policies towards those who move.
However, migration does not always bring benefits. The extent to which people are able to gain from moving depends greatly on the conditions under which they move. Financial outlays can be relatively high, and movement inevitably involves uncertainty and separation from families.
The poor are often constrained by a lack of resources, information and barriers in their new host communities and countries. For too many people movement reflects the repercussions of conflict, natural disaster or severe economic hardship.
Some women end up in trafficking networks, lose significant freedoms and suffer physical danger.
This is the latest publication in a series of global Human Development Reports, which aim to frame debates on some of the most pressing challenges facing humanity, from climate change to human rights. It is an independent report commissioned by UNDP. Jeni Klugman is the lead author of the 2009 Report.
Challenging common misconceptions
The findings in this Report cast new light on some common misconceptions. Most migrants do not cross national borders, but instead move within their own country: 740 million people are internal migrants, almost four times the number of international migrants. Among international migrants, less than 30 percent move from developing to developed countries. For example, only three percent of Africans live outside their country of birth.
Contrary to commonly held beliefs, migrants typically boost economic output and give more than they take. Detailed investigations show that immigration generally increases employment in host communities, does not crowd out locals from the job market and improves rates of investment in new businesses and initiatives. Overall, the impact of migrants on public finances—both national and local—is relatively small, while there is ample evidence of gains in other areas such as social diversity and the capacity for innovation.
The authors demonstrate that the gains to people who move can be enormous. Research found that migrants from the poorest countries, on average, experienced a 15-fold increase in income, a doubling of school enrolment rates and a 16-fold reduction in child mortality after moving to a developed country.
Links to development
For the countries where migrants are coming from, the Report warns that migration is no substitute for development. However, mobility often brings new ideas, knowledge and resources—to migrants and to origin countries—that can complement and even enhance human and economic development. In many countries, the money sent back by migrants exceeds official aid.
Migrants’ gains are often shared with their families and communities at home. In many cases this is in the form of cash—remittances—but the families of migrants may benefit in other ways too. These ‘social remittances,’ as they are called, include reductions in fertility, higher school enrolment rates and the empowerment of women.
The Report also argues that the exodus of highly skilled workers such as doctors, nurses and teachers—a major concern of a number of developing countries that are losing these professionals—is more a symptom rather than a cause of failing public systems.
When integrated into wider national development strategies, migration complements broader local and national efforts to reduce poverty and enhance social and economic development.
Taking down barriers
Overcoming barriers lays out a core package of reforms, six ‘pillars’ that call for:
• Opening existing entry channels for more workers, especially those with low skills; • Ensuring basic human rights for migrants, from basic services, like education and health care, to the right to vote; • Lowering the transaction costs of migration; • Finding collaborative solutions that benefit both destination communities and migrants; • Easing internal migration; and • Adding migration as a component for origin countries’ development strategies.
In terms of international migration, the Report does not advocate wholesale liberalization, since people at destination places have a right to shape their societies; but it argues that there is a strong case for increased access for sectors with a high demand for labour, including for the low-skilled. This is particularly important for developed countries because their populations are ageing—and this may increase the demand for migrant workers.
Easing access and reducing the cost of official documents are other important steps towards lowering the barriers to legal migration. Rationalizing such “paper walls” will help stem the flow of irregular migrants, the Report argues, as people find it easier and less expensive to use legal channels.
Overcoming barriers also calls on receiving countries to take steps to end discrimination against migrants. The Report stresses the importance of addressing the concerns of local residents and increasing awareness of migrants’ rights, in addition to working with employers, trade unions and community groups to combat xenophobia.
Despite the cases of intolerance, research commissioned by UNDP for the Report demonstrates that people in destination countries are generally supportive of further migration when jobs are available, and appreciate the gains—economic, social and cultural—that increased diversity can bring.
Time for action
The world recession has quickly become a jobs crisis, and a jobs crisis is generally bad news for migrants. In a number of areas, the number of new migrants is down, while some destination countries are taking steps to encourage or compel migrants to leave. But now is the time for action, the Report argues.
“The recession should be seized as an opportunity to institute a new deal for migrants—one that that will benefit workers at home and abroad while guarding against a protectionist backlash,” says Klugman. “With recovery, many of the same underlying trends that have been driving movement during the past half-century will resurface, attracting more people to move.”
People are going to move, and thus Overcoming barriers provides the tools to better manage inevitable human mobility, laying out principles and guidelines for traditional immigration destinations, such as the United States and Europe, and new migration magnets, such as Costa Rica, Morocco and Thailand. The package of reforms put forward in Overcoming barriers depends on a realistic appraisal of economic and social conditions and recognition of public opinion and other political constraints, the Report observes. But, with political courage, they are all feasible.
Human Development Index
Also released today as part of the 2009 Human Development Report was the latest Human Development Index (HDI), a summary indicator of people’s well-being, combining measures of life expectancy, literacy, school enrolment and GDP per capita. It shows that despite progress in many areas over the last 25 years, the disparities in people’s well-being in rich and poor countries continue to be unacceptably wide.
This year’s HDI has been calculated for 182 countries and territories—the widest coverage ever. The estimates, which rely on the most recently available data compiled by the UN and other international partners, are based on 2007 data.
INDIA - ORISSA STATE: MORE WOMEN MIGRANTS THAN MEN - UNDP REPORT
Minati Singha, TNN 7 October 2009
BHUBANESWAR: Orissa does not promise enough sources of livelihood for the larger section of people. At least that is what the recently released United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) report revealed.
About 11 million people of the total 37 million population are still migrating to other states in search of alternative sources of living every year.
Interestingly, in Orissa, the number of women migrants is much more than their male counterpart.
But, ironically for these women, livelihood is not the only issue. Marriage figures as the main reason for inter-state migration of women.
The UNDP report was released here on Monday, alongside the Human Development Report 2009.
The report maintained that out of the total migration in the state, while the number of male migrants is about 2.5 million, the number of women migrants each year is nearly 8.6 million. About 83 per cent of the total migration is intra-district, while 66 per cent female migration is inter-district. Interestingly, 59 per cent of the women migrants are inter-state, while 45 per cent are international migrants.
"One of the main reasons for women to migrate is the societal practice of a woman moving to her in-law's house after marriage. Bit in case of men, they are employment, business, education," the survey revealed.
Among other categories of migration, including urban to rural, rural to urban and urban to urban migration in intra-district, inter-district and inter-state category, the report held that rural to rural intra-district migration of women is highest, standing at 67 per cent.
At the release of the report, Magsaysay award winning social activist Jockin Arputham said, "Women play an important role in migration, both at the source and at the destination. Community mobilization and empowerment can immensely help improve the quality of life of migrants. And nobody, no policy makers, no government ever think about making their lives better."
State information commissioner and social activist Jagadananda said, "In Orissa, a majority of the migrants belong to scheduled caste and scheduled tribe groups. Again about 2, 00, 000 people from the tribal-dominated areas migrate to neighbouring states to work in brick kilns and construction industries. There is huge policy gap to check migration. The government should make alternative arrangements and there is a need to identify the causes and consequences of migration."
However, the HDR-09 on "Overcoming Barriers: Human Mobility and Development", concluded that there should be a proper policy to reduce migration-related issues and problems by emphasizing on rights of migrants, ensuring benefit for migrants and destination communities and mainstreaming migration into national development strategies.
Beauty, Wonder & Belonging:
A Book of Hours for the Monastery of the Cosmos
Many today are in search of a SPIRITUAL PRACTICE for the New Cosmology. I wrote Beauty, Wonder and Belonging for this purpose - to create a dynamic integration that bridges our inherited tradition with the vast expansiveness the Universe evokes within us.
This book of hours celebrates the dawn and dusk of each day, those moments when the Divine is palpable and present. Through story, poetry, reflection, dialogue, silence and response you are invited to weave the rhythms of your daily lives within the dynamics of the unfolding Universe.
Pharos Media
is pleased to inform about our new book “Who Killed Karkare? — The real face of terrorism in India” written by a former senior police officer. For the first time, it probes deep into the "Islamic terrorism" in India. Of particular interest is the book's detailed study of the 26/11 attack on Mumbai during which Maharashtra ATS chief Hemant Karkare was killed.
From the back cover of the book: Political violence, or terrorism, by State as well as by non- State actors has a long history in India. The allegation that sections of and individual Indian Muslims indulged in “terrorism” surfaced for the first time with the ascent of the Hindutva forces in mid-1990s and became state policy with the BJP’s coming to power at the Centre. With even “secular” media joining the role as stenographers of security agencies, this became an accepted fact so much so that common Indians and even many Muslims started believing in this false propaganda.
This book, by a former senior police officer, with a distinguished career that included unearthing the Telgi scam, peeps behind the propaganda screen, using material mostly in the public domain as well as his long police experience. It comes out with some startling facts and analysis, the first of its kind, to expose the real actors behind the so-called “Islamic terrorism” in India whose greatest feat was to murder the Maharashtra ATS chief Hemant Karkare who dared to expose these forces and paid with his life for his courage and commitment to truth. While unearthing the conspiracy behind the murder of Karkare, this book takes a hard look at some of the major incidents attributed to “Islamic terrorism” in India and finds them baseless.
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A BOMB IN EVERY ISSUE How the Short, Unruly Life of Ramparts Magazine Changed America
By Peter Richardson
Illustrated. 247 pp. The New Press. $25.95
reviewed by Jack Shafer
Ramparts stands with a handful of 20th-century American magazines — Playboy, the Harold Hayes-era Esquire, Rolling Stone, Spy and Wired —
whose glory days continue to influence editors. Each of these magazines not only grabbed the zeitgeist but shaped it. If you’ve never heard of Ramparts or have only vague awareness of its significance, Peter Richardson’s compact history, “A Bomb in Every
Issue,” will assure you of its place in the magazine pantheon.
This San Francisco Bay Area magazine didn’t live long, starting in 1962 as a quarterly and expiring in 1975. Its very best pages appeared
between 1966 and 1968: in that short span, it restored the lapsed institution of muckraking, put showmanship back into journalism, exposed Central Intelligence Agency excesses, helped turn Martin
Luther King Jr. against the Vietnam War, gave radicalism a commercial megaphone and boosted the careers of such notable journalists as Warren Hinckle (who gave the magazine its heart), Robert Scheer (who
gave it its brain), Adam Hochschild, David Horowitz, Peter Collier and Jann Wenner.
Like those other great magazines, Ramparts influenced competitors across the media universe. Richardson, the author of American Prophet, a book about Carey McWilliams of The Nation, credits Ramparts with inspiring the investigative edge of “60 Minutes” and
says that when The New York Times published the Pentagon Papers, “it was claiming part of Ramparts’ territory.” It was the magazine Time
loved to hate, calling it “slick enough to lure the unwary and bedazzled reader into accepting flimflam as fact” in a 1967 article titled “A Bomb in Every Issue.”
Schooling the mainstream media wasn’t on the agenda when
the trust-funder Edward M. Keating published the first issue. The institution in his sights was the Catholic Church, which he hoped to liberalize by sponsoring a dialogue between the clergy and the laity. As liberal Catholic literary quarterlies went, it was a worthy
magazine, dispensing poetry prizes and publishing Thomas Merton’s meditations on the gathering black revolution. But it wasn’t until Warren Hinckle, a San Francisco Chronicle reporter, jockeyed his way
from promotions director to the executive editorship in 1964 that Ramparts really became Ramparts. The transformation would prove as
dramatic as if Partisan Review had gone to bed one night and woken up the next day as Guns and Ammo.
A sensationalist in both life and work, Hinckle liked to second George M. Cohan’s maxim that whatever you do, you should “always serve it with a little dressing.” He looked like a dandy, drank the way
other people breathed,
sweet-talked one wealthy person after another into financing the magazine, spent their money with abandon, kept a monkey named after Henry Luce in the office, hyped every issue to the bursting point and, more often than not, produced a magazine that was
worthy of that hype. He was a pirate, as everybody noted, right down to the eye patch.
Publishing breakthrough articles was only part of the formula, according to Adam Hochschild. The key, in his words, was to “find an
exposé that major newspapers are afraid to touch, publish it with a big enough splash so they can’t afford to ignore it . . . and then publicize it in a way that plays the press off against each other.”
Hinckle had a partner in this success, a working-class Bronx kid
turned radical academic named Robert Scheer. The duo wasn’t so much Lennon and McCartney as Ringo and George. The rascal Hinckle meshed so perfectly with the serious Scheer that Jessica Mitford, a
contributor, took to calling them “Hink/Scheer.”
Ramparts’ first big story came in 1966, when Scheer revealed the C.I.A.’s partnership with Michigan State University in the training of police officers in South Vietnam and the writing of the South
Vietnamese Constitution. “Before the Michigan State story, the C.I.A. rarely received negative press, much less strict oversight,” Richardson writes. Outraged, the C.I.A. retaliated with a secret investigation of Ramparts’ staff and investors in hopes of uncovering
foreign influence, but it found
nothing.
In 1967, the magazine struck again, uncovering the agency’s clandestine backing of the National Student Association, an organization that represented American students at international
meetings. Unable to stop the scoop, the C.I.A. sought to deflate it by scheduling a press conference at which leaders of the association would confess to the connection. When Hinckle found out, he pre-empted the C.I.A. by purchasing full-page ads in The Times and The Washington
Post touting his forthcoming article. The agency fought back with even more snooping —
clearly illegal — as it “investigated 127 writers and researchers and 200 other Americans connected to the magazine,” Richardson writes. Readers loved it: circulation rose from 149,000 to 229,000.
Traditionally, radical journalism came packaged in the graphic
equivalent of jeans and a work shirt. But the hip, slick and provocative look that the Ramparts art director, Dugald Stermer, lent the publication gave even Esquire a case of envy (it tried to hire
him). For the Michigan State article, Stermer ran illustrations of all the principals dressed in M.S.U. athletic garb. An interview with Hugh Hefner was accompanied by a foldout featuring Hef. A piece about
assassination conspiracies repurposed a photo of John F. Kennedy as a nearly completed jigsaw puzzle.
The
magazine’s success prompted Hinckle to daydream about a media empire that would include TV and radio stations. He actually got a Sunday Ramparts newspaper off the ground in 1966, but when it folded
the next year it tossed the young Jann Wenner out of work. Wenner promptly appropriated the paper’s design — with Stermer’s permission — to serve as the template for Rolling Stone.
Ramparts was very much a creature of the Bay Area’s rebellious climate. It identified with the uprisings at Berkeley, endorsed the authority-questioning ethos of the Beats (although Hinckle spurned the
hippies) and drew on the region’s radical tradition. Scheer even ran for Congress in 1966, challenging an incumbent liberal Democrat in a district that included Oakland and Berkeley. (He lost.)
The magazine injected itself directly into local, radical politics
with its sponsorship of the Black Panther Party. “Ramparts made celebrities of the Blank Panthers,” Richardson writes, “and their star power increased the magazine’s cachet.” Thanks to the magazine’s
sponsorship of the party and Eldridge Cleaver, who became a staff writer, the Panthers were recognized around the world as revolutionaries.
The Ramparts-Panther romance, which began in 1967, looks naïve today.
The magazine’s skeptical radar could penetrate government lies but failed to detect this violent organization’s essence. David Horowitz, who along with Peter Collier led the magazine after Hinckle was pushed
out in 1969, laments the legitimization of the Panthers and blames them for the murder of a former Ramparts employee, Betty Van Patter, who did bookkeeping for the party.
Although Ramparts continued to break important stories that the
establishment press ignored, the magazine didn’t glisten after Hinckle the impresario left. Richardson attributes the decline to a number of causes. Like all niche-creating magazines, Ramparts attracted
competition that wound up stealing readers; at the same time, it abandoned part of its audience by embracing New Left orthodoxy, which “rejected anything short of revolution.” The magazine also ran
out of liberal millionaire donors. Its accrued losses must have run into the tens of millions, making it unlike pantheon magazines that made money.
The lessons Ramparts taught American journalism are still being
studied wherever investigative reporting is practiced. The magazine showed that the rarest asset in journalism is picking the right set of questions, usually the ones nobody else has the sense to ask. This book satisfies on every level and whets the appetite for a big, fat Ramparts anthology.
Dedicated to the memory of Pakistan’s assassinated leader, Benazir Bhutto, the book presents impressions gathered by a peace activist from the province of Sindh about India, its people and the challenges facing developing countries in general.
The writer had travelled to New Delhi to participate in a conference on ‘Universalising Socio-Economic Security in South Asia’ held from February 17 to 20, 2008, at a time when Pakistan was going through the electoral process minus Bhutto.
It is interesting that the writer being a Sindhi chose to write the travelogue in Urdu and has done well in conveying his point of view in simple language.
The book also contains useful information about some leading Sindhi personalities in different walks of life as many chose to seek refuge in India, owing to the blood-bath that followed partition.
Stressing the need for universalising social justice, Zulfiqar Halepoto endorses the views held by the World Social Forum and World Economic Forum. He is opposed to the neo-liberal agenda which has resulted in imbalanced globalisation.
Like all peace activists connected with NGOs he also emphasises the need for creating a world free from hunger and poverty, unemployment, discrimination and injustice, terrorism and wars. He is in favour of a world where democratic principles and human rights are respected and practiced in spirit.
While dealing with the new world economic order the writer maintains that globalisation had seriously affected governing structures. Taking a historical view he says that in different phases state structure had been revolving around different power structures. But in the present phase of history it was influenced by economic power. He believes that as economy has become globalised the world is moving towards a global state structure.
He is also of the view that in the process we are laying the foundation of a new exploitative world order dominated by IMF, NAFTA, GATT and other international financial institutions.
Zulfiqar Halepoto has rejected the traditional concept of security which is dependent on the maintenance of a huge military establishment armed with lethal, conventional and nuclear weapons. He believes that the traditional concept of territorial security was not the right approach and has raised the fundamental issue by asking whether complete security is really possible.
While in Delhi he visited the graves of Mirza Ghalib, Amir Khusro, Hazrat Nizamuddin Aulia, Abul Kalam Azad and others. He was so overwhelmed at Ghalib’s final resting place that he decided to write his travelogue in Urdu.
He had also the opportunity to meet some leading Sindhis who had migrated to India and had settled there after partition. He met Sindhi writer, columnist and formerly an employee of Times of India, Lachman Komal Bhatia, who has written a book on migration to India in 1947. He has referred to his meeting with another Sindhi, Ram Jethmalani who was once deputy chief of the Indian Navy. His daughter is a leading fashion designer of India.
There are many others whom he met during this visit. His meeting with Khushwant Singh is very interesting who had decided to meet him, despite his old age, only because he had come from the land of Benazir Bhutto and wanted to hear about her.
He also recalls the account of a few Indians about Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Benazir Bhutto. Wing Commander Nandlal while giving his impression of ZAB at Simla said he was very confident despite being the leader of a defeated country.
The writer has also spelt out his conversation with the common Indians who were grieved at Benazir’s assassination.
In _Japan to 1600_, Farris surveys Japanese social history in seven
chronological chapters. Each offers an overview of key aspects of the
political history, but only as context for the social and economic
history. One key focus is demographics, especially the effects of
epidemics and disease. Another is the development of agriculture
and industry, including the effects deforestation and soil erosion.
And other topics emphasized include class structure, gender and the
family, and the development of religion.
"Besides living in a dispersed pattern, rural people changed
residence frequently. Lawgivers tried to bind them to the land
through various means, but in the course of the 700s, the court
ran out of alternatives, changing its policy a bewildering seven
times. Contrary to expectations, the typical migrant was female,
traveled in groups, and was often wealthy. People moved for
numerous reasons: to avoid the tax collector, clear or abandon
fields, find jobs in an increasingly tight labor market, fish
or practice slash-and-burn cropping, or to live with a partner.
Mobility was part and parcel of commoner life, and the government
could do little to stop it."
"The construction boom of the period 700-750, the large consumer
class residing in the capitals, and the constant movement of tax
commodities made for a robust commercial sector, at least in the
Kinai and adjacent provinces. The government minted copper cash
and officials accumulated tidy profits in various transactions."
"The century from 1180 through 1280 is widely recognized as a
period of religious ferment; both anticlericalism and heterodoxy
were rampant. ... By the thirteenth century, [the exemplary
monk] Ryogen had, in the popular consciousness, become a demon,
known for his worldly desires. Because they could not assure
salvation, other priests of several major temples were depicted
in narrative scrolls as devils, too. ... Even the sun goddess,
now reconceived in Buddhist terms, became a wrathful deity
judging the dead in hell and threatening violence at a whim."
"The relatively lofty position of women was a hallmark of
Japanese society until about 1300. Women of all classes had
economic power, owned their own homes, held political rank
and power, and could engage in sexual relations fairly freely.
Beginning around 1300, however, many lost the independent bases
of their power and influence."
"Like pestilence, famine returned to haunt the islands" Between
1450 and 1600, there was a major subsistence crisis almost twice
as often as during the preceding one hundred seventy years.
In other words, starvation and chronic malnutrition typified the
Warring States Era. The return of cooler and damper weather may
have been an important contributing cause, but climatologists
are divided on this issue, with some envisioning a more temperate
climate, encouraging agricultural expansion."
With just two hundred pages, _Japan to 1600_ is obviously limited
in scope. It doesn't touch on art, architecture or literature and
has little on the development of finance or technology. And there is
no discussion of sources or models: population figures for Japan at
different times are given, for example, but without anything about how
those have been estimated.
Farris writes lively prose and breaks his chapters up into thematic
sections, which makes for easy reading. A few halftones and scattered
details about individuals, archaeological evidence, and primary sources
provide some immediacy. There are useful maps for those not so familiar
with Japanese geography, and eight pages of notes and five pages of
"suggestions for further reading in English", broken down thematically.
The result might be a useful overview for students, but is well-pitched
for the general reader curious about pre-modern Japan.
--
%T Japan to 1600
%S A Social and Economic History
%A Farris, William Wayne
%I University of Hawaii Press
%C Honolulu
%D 2009
%O paperback, notes, index
%G ISBN-13 978-0-8248-3379-4
%P xix,227pp
%K Japan, medieval history, social history
14 October 2009
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Copyright (c) 2009 Danny Yee http://danny.oz.au/
Danny Yee's Book Reviews http://dannyreviews.com/
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It’s not so much the
barbarous machinations of the villain, another one-dimensional,
self-mortifying hulk, that sends chills down your spine. Or the plot,
which is an Oedipal MacGuffin.
No, the terrifying thing about “The Lost Symbol” is that Brown — who did not flinch when the Vatican both condemned the “The Da Vinci Code”
and curtailed the filming of “Angels & Demons” in Rome — clearly
got spooked by that other powerful, secretive ancient sect, the Masons.
His
book is a desperate attempt to ingratiate himself with the Masons,
rather than to interpret the bizarre Masonic rites and symbols that
illuminate — as in Illuminati! — how the ultimate elite private boys’
club has conspired to shape the nation’s capital and Western
civilization ever since George Washington laid the cornerstone for the Capitol building
in a Masonic ritual wearing full Masonic regalia, including a darling
little fringed satin apron. If the Masons are more intimidating than
the Vatican, if Brown has now become part of their semiotic smoke
screen, then all I can say is, God help us all.
Or as Brown, who is more addicted to italics than that other breathless Brown, Cosmo Girl Helen Gurley, might put it: What the hell?
Of course, who can blame him? How can you not be frightened by a brotherhood that includes Mel Blanc, the voice of Bugs Bunny; Buzz Aldrin; and Dave Thomas, the founder of Wendy’s?
During the five years he researched this book, did Brown begin
to believe those sensational stories about how, if you expose the
secrets of the Masons, they will slit your throat?
Did he discover that the Masons are not merely a bunch of old guys
dressed up in funny costumes enjoying a harmless night away from the
wives? Could they really be, as a recent Discovery Channel documentary
on the ancient order wondered, “Godless conspirators bound to a death
pledge who infiltrate institutions and run the world”?
Did Brown decipher the cryptic documents locked in a safe at the C.I.A. — founded by another Mason, Harry Truman!
— and figure out that some of those wild tales were true? That Jack the
Ripper was a Mason whose identity was covered up by the Masonic police
commissioner? That Salieri and others murdered Mozart after the young
Masonic composer revealed some of the order’s secret symbols in “The
Magic Flute”?
I was really looking forward to Brown’s excavation
of Washington’s mystical power, ancient portals, secret passageways and
shadow worlds. As a native, I’ve loved the monuments here since I was
little. I’ve often driven past the Scottish Rite Masonic temple with
its two sphinxes on 16th Street. And my first memory as a little girl
was picking up my dad from work at night from the brightly lighted
Capitol. I was eager to learn occult lore about our venerable marble
temples and access the lost wisdom of the ages.
So I happily curled up with Robert Langdon, the author’s
anodyne, tweedy doppelgänger, and suppressed my annoyance that the
Harvard symbologist was still wearing his Mickey Mouse watch,
hand-grinding his Sumatra coffee beans and refusing to entangle with
the latest brainy babe who materializes to help untangle ancient
secrets.
This book’s looker, Katherine Solomon, is a lithe,
gray-eyed expert in Noetic science, the study of “the untapped
potential of the human mind.” Brown must also want to explore the
untapped potential of the human body, since he has made his heroine 50
years old, something that no doubt caused the Hollywood studio suits to
spritz their Zico coconut water. Katherine, a few years older than
Langdon, may be a tribute to Brown’s wife and amanuensis, Blythe, who
is 12 years older and helped him write “187 Men to Avoid: A Survival
Guide for the Romantically Frustrated Woman.”
Emotions are the
one thing Dan Brown can’t seem to decipher. His sex scenes are
encrypted. Even though Katherine seems like Langdon’s soul mate — she
even knows how to weigh souls — their most torrid sex scenes consist of Robert winking at her or flashing her a lopsided grin.
Brown’s
novels are obviously inspired by Indiana Jones and “Raiders of the Lost
Ark.” But he can only emulate the galloping narrative drive and the
fascination with mythological archetypes, pyramids, Holy Grails,
treasure maps and secret codes; he can’t summon the sexy, playful side
of the Spielberg-Lucas legacy.
His metaphors and similes thud
onto the page. Inoue Sato, an intelligence official investigating a
disembodied hand bearing a Masonic ring and iconic tattoos that shows
up in the Capitol Rotunda, “cruised the deep waters of the C.I.A. like
a leviathan who surfaced only to devour its prey.” Insights don’t
simply come to characters: “Then, like an oncoming truck, it hit her,”
or “The revelation crashed over Langdon like a wave.” And just when our
hero thinks it’s safe to go back in the water, another bad metaphor
washes over him: “His head ached now, a roiling torrent of
interconnected thoughts.”
You can practically hear the eerie
organ music playing whenever Mal’akh, the clichéd villain whose eyes
shine “with feral ferocity,” appears. He goes from sounding like a
parody of a Bond bad guy (“You are a very small cog in a vast machine,”
he tells Langdon) to a parody of Woody Allen (“The body craves what the body craves,” he thinks).
But
Brown tops himself with these descriptions: “Wearing only a silken
loincloth wrapped around his buttocks and neutered sex organ, Mal’akh
began his preparations,” and “Hanging beneath the archway, his massive
sex organ bore the tattooed symbols of his destiny. In another life,
this heavy shaft of flesh had been his source of carnal pleasure. But
no longer.”
Brown has always written screenplays masquerading as
novels, but now he’s also casting. Warren Bellamy, the Masonic
architect of the Capitol, is described as an elderly African-American
man with close-cropped, graying hair who enunciates his words with
crisp precision: “Bellamy was lithe and slender, with an erect posture
and piercing gaze that exuded the confidence of a man in full control
of his surroundings.” Morgan Freeman, call Ron Howard.
The
Bellamy character provides another opportunity for Brown to burnish
the Masons, as when the architect tells Langdon: “The craft of
Freemasonry has given me a deep respect for that which transcends human
understanding. I’ve learned never to close my mind to an idea simply because it seems miraculous.”
The
author has gotten rich and famous without attaining a speck of
subtlety. A character never just stumbles into blackness. It must be inky blackness. A character never just listens in shock. He listens in utter shock.
And
consider this fraught interior monologue by the head of the Capitol
Police: “Chief Anderson wondered when this night would end. A severed hand in my Rotunda? A death shrine in my basement? Bizarre engravings on a stone pyramid? Somehow, the Redskins game no longer felt significant.”
My
dad always said in his day that the Masons were not welcoming to
Catholics. The Catholic Church once considered the Masons so
anti-Catholic, Catholics who joined were threatened with
excommunication. Now the church hierarchy merely disapproves. (They
like secret rites, blood rituals and the exclusion of women only when
they do it.) But Langdon suggests to his Harvard students that the
Masons are “refreshingly open-minded” and do not “discriminate in any
way.” To a student protesting that Masonry sounds like a “freaky cult,”
Langdon counters that it’s “a system of morality.” He notes, “The
Masons are not a secret society . . . they are a society with secrets.”
He
debunks stories of the founding fathers’ supposedly building a Satanic
pentacle and the Masonic compass and square into the capital’s street
design, scoffing, “If you draw enough intersecting lines on a map,
you’re bound to find all kinds of shapes.”
The Masons are
represented in the dazzling person of Peter Solomon, Katherine’s older
brother, a handsome, wealthy historian and philanthropist who runs the Smithsonian Institution and inspired the young Langdon’s interest in symbols.
In
interviews, Brown has said he was tempted to join the Masons, calling
their philosophy a “beautiful blueprint for human spirituality.” In the
next opus, Langdon will probably be wearing a red Shriner’s fez with
his Burberry turtleneck and Harris tweed.
In this book, Langdon
helps stop the villain from releasing a video to YouTube that he has
surreptitiously taped during his Masonic initiation rites. The
blindfolded initiate drinks blood-red wine out of a human skull and
has a dagger pressed to his bare chest; he has to take part in an
enactment of his own brutal murder — “there were simulated blows to his
head, including one with a Mason’s stone maul” — and hear a biblical
reference to human sacrifice, “the submission of Abraham to the Supreme
Being by proffering Isaac, his firstborn son.” These are meant partly
as warnings about what can befall anyone who leaks the order’s secrets
— warnings Dan Brown clearly took to heart.
“Langdon could
already tell that the video was an unfair piece of propaganda,” Brown
writes, adding that the symbologist thought to himself, “the truth will be twisted . . . as it always is with the Masons.” Brown
skitters away from giving us the book we expected: one that might have
clued us in on which present-day politicians are still Masons and what
mumbo jumbo they’re up to.
That job was left to Eamon Javers of Politico, who uncovered a list of Freemasons in Congress
that reads like a vast right-wing conspiracy. Joe “You lie!” Wilson is
a member of the Sinclair Lodge of West Columbia, S.C. Representative Eric Cantor of Virginia, the House minority whip, who’s trying to suffocate President Obama’s health care plan, is a member of a Richmond lodge his dad and uncle belonged to. Senator Charles E. Grassley of Iowa, who chimed in against “death panels,” urged Javers: “Don’t judge us by the funny hats we wear.”
Even
more ominously, President Obama suddenly left the White House on a
recent night and went to the Washington Monument, the obelisk that
figures in Brown’s climactic scene, and stayed inside for 20 minutes.
If you add the 13 minutes it probably took to walk to the limo and
drive back to the White House and return to his residence, you reach the magic Masonic number of 33!
In the end, as with “The Da Vinci Code,” there’s no payoff.
Brown should stop worrying about unfinished pyramids and worry about
unfinished novels. At least Spielberg and Lucas gave us an Ark and
swirling, dissolving humans. We don’t get any ancient wisdom that “will
profoundly change the world as you know it” — just a lot of New Agey
piffle about how we are the gods we’ve been waiting for. (And a father-son struggle for global domination, as though we didn’t get enough of that with the Bushes.)
_Why Did You Leave the Horse Alone?_ was my first encounter not just with
Mahmoud Darwish but with modern Arabic poetry. Darwish is allusive and
indirect and takes some getting used to. I had to adjust to the style,
relax, and find a comfortable reading speed before I could properly
appreciate him.
Many of the poems deal with Darwish's childhood memories of his family's
eviction in the 1948 _Nakba_, or with the Palestinian experience of
dispossession exile more generally. Other recurring subjects include
love, landscapes, and poetry itself.
The front flyleaf introduction, back flyleaf biography, and back cover
blurbs provide only minimal background information. There's not that
much that needs explaining, however. A basic understanding of Palestinian
history helps, but other than that there are only occasional references to
places and people from the history and geography of Islam and the Levant.
Most of the poems are two to two and half pages long, too long to quote
in their entirety. Here's an extract from "The Eternity of Cactus",
which contains the line used as the anthology title.
He felt for his key he way he would feel for //
his limbs and was reassured. He said //
as they climbed through a fence of thorns: //
Remember, my son, here the British crucified //
your father on the thorns of a cactus for two nights //
and he didn't confess. You will grow up, //
my son, and tell those who inherit their guns //
the story of the blood upon the iron ...
-- Why did you leave the horse alone? //
-- To keep the house company, my son //
Houses die when their inhabitants are gone ...
Many of the poems have much less narrative grounding than this. Here's a
stanza from "Sequences for Another Time":
My life is elsewhere. It's not important //
that the daughter of Genghis Khan, in her nightgown, see it //
Or that a reader see it penetrate meaning //
the way ink penetrates darkness
And here's "Saturday: The Dove's Wedding" from "The Seven Days of Love":
Listen to my body: Bees have their gods //
Neighs have countless fiddles //
I am the clouds. You are the earth, held against //
a fence by the eternal wail of desire //
Listen to my body: death has its fruits //
and life has a life that renews itself only //
from a body ... that listens to a body
This is a dual language edition, with the English translation on the
left page facing the Arabic original on the right. This is visually
attractive and shows that the line structure of the translation closely
matches that of the original. A transliteration might have spoiled this,
but would have been useful for those of us unfamiliar with Arabic script.
Like other Archipelago Press books, this is not a glossy volume, but a
simple, attractive and reader-friendly one.
--
%T Why Did You Leave the Horse Alone?
%A Darwish, Mahmoud
%M Arabic
%F Sacks, Jeffrey
%I Archipelago
%D 2006 [1995]
%O paperback
%G ISBN 0-9763950-1-0
%P 197pp
%K poetry
%Z "the premier poetic voice of the Palestinian people"
1 October 2009
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Copyright (c) 2009 Danny Yee http://danny.oz.au/
Danny Yee's Book Reviews http://dannyreviews.com/
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CSR Europe has released a new "Guide to CSR in Europe" based on contributions by its national partner organisations across Europe.
The country insights included in the guide provide a brief overview of the state of CSR as well as current trends and priorities in different European countries. Topics covered include national CSR policies and legislation, key drivers of CSR, main organisational actors, and recent developments in thematic areas including the environment, supply chain, human rights, equal opportunities, community engagement and sustainable products and services.