fyi...aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: The History of Medicine Group at Emory University
[mailto:HISTMEDEMORY-L@...] On Behalf Of Jeffrey S.
Reznick
Sent: Friday, June 23, 2000 2:22 PM
To: HISTMEDEMORY-L@...
Subject: CFP - SAHMS 2001


Call for papers. SAHMS (Southern Association for the History of
Medicine and Science) will hold its third annual meeting 16-17 February
2001 at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS. We
welcome papers on any topic in the field.  Please send one-page abstract
and cv to L. Margaret Barnett, Program Chair, History  Dept., University
of Southern Mississippi, Box 5047, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-5047
lbarnett@...

Hi, Genealogists:

Please join us this weekend for some special chats:
Saturday's Schedule: http://huntsville.about.com/mpchat.htm
All day...."Pop-luck"Genealogy (pop in and try your luck!)........
7 pm Eastern time--NORTHERN STATES genalogy......
8 pm Eastern time--SOUTHERN STATES genealogy.......
9-11 pm Eastern time--CIVIL WAR genealogy.......

Sunday's Schedule:  http://huntsville.about.com/mpchat.htm
All day....."Pop-luck" Genealogy (bring your family tree; try your
luck).......
7 pm Eastern time-- all SURNAMES starting with A-J.........
8 pm Eastern tiime--all SURNAMES starting with K-Z......
9 pm Eastern time--WISCONSIN genealogy chat......
11 pm Eastern time--GREAT BRITAIN genealogy.....

If you can't make the chats, drop by the forum and post your queries--any
state or surname welcome:
http://about.delphi.com/ab-huntsville

If you need instructions for the chat room or the forum, just let me know
and I'll help you.

Jean Brandau
huntsville2@...

Hi, genealogists:

Please join us for a chat on all counties in ALABAMA tonight:
http://huntsville.about.com/mpchat.htm
10-11 pm Eastern; 9-10 pm Central; 8-9 pm Mt.; 7-8 pm Pacific

All surnames for people who've lived in Alabama are welcome.  Stay the whole
hour and then join us for a chat on GENEALOGY RESEARCH Hints, Tips, and
Questions.

If you can't make the chat--please feel free to post your ALABAMA surnames
in the forum--lots of people making connections:
http://about.delphi.com/ab-huntsville

If you need instructions for the chat room or the forum, let me know and
I'll be happy to help you.

Jean Brandau
huntsville2@...

...for this Alabama Public Television series can now be seen at
http://www.alabamatv.org/july.htm

...aj wright  // alabamahistory listowner

From another list.
David Allen
<<All,
I am looking for speeches by William Lowndes Yancey. If you know where some
are or have some please let me know.

Thanks,>>

Among the William Lowndes Yancy Papers (LPR87) at the Alabama Department of
Archives and History is a subseries, Speeches, 1834-1863, containing "Yancey's
speeches that were presented at various political conventions and reflect his
opinions on such topics as states' rights, party platforms, secession, and other
contemporary issues. Also included are speeches presented to various societies
and commencements, a copybook, and serial typescripts of Various Yancey papers
for publication in the _Alabama Quarterly_." Available on microfilm.

>>> <DaNptAl@...> 06/30/00 09:31AM >>>
From another list.
David Allen
<<All,
I am looking for speeches by William Lowndes Yancey. If you know where some
are or have some please let me know.

Thanks,>>

------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Never feel rushed to get off-line again. Includes Caller ID and Web
voicemail. And only $5 per month. Start your FREE trial today!
http://click.egroups.com/1/6080/10/_/492949/_/962375490/
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Archives for the list can be viewed at
http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory

Could someone direct me to how I could get transcripts in the Birmingham
Church Bombing.
Thank You.

Contact Dr. Norwood Kerr at the Alabama Department of Archives and History,
334-242-4363, ext 258, or email nkerr@...
>>> "Denise J" <denisej@...> 06/30/00 09:42AM >>>
Could someone direct me to how I could get transcripts in the Birmingham
Church Bombing.
Thank You.


------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Get automatic protection and access to your important computer files.
Install today:
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Archives for the list can be viewed at
http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory

this may be of interest to some subscribers...aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: H-Net DISCUSSION LIST FOR LOCAL AND STATE HISTORY
[mailto:H-LOCAL@...] On Behalf Of Mary Mannix
Sent: Friday, June 30, 2000 12:09 PM
To: H-LOCAL@...
Subject: CFP: Uncoverings, American Quilt Study Group (fwd)


Uncoverings 2001, Volume 22 of the Research Papers of the American Quilt
Study Group
Publication Date: 2000-12-01

The American Quilt Study Group seeks original, unpublished research
pertaining to the history of quilts, quiltmakers, quiltmaking, associated
textiles, and related subjects for publication in  "Uncoverings" our annual
volume of quilt research.

Since 1980, "Uncoverings" has been the foremost authority in quilt
research. This interdisciplinary volume represents AQSG's mission to build
an accurate, well respected body of quilt-related research. Papers should
be 4,500-9,000 words in length. If your paper is selected you will be
invited to make a presentation of your research at the 2001 AQSG Seminar,
October 12-14 in Williamsburg, VA. This is a unique opportunity to share
your work with others who are passionate about quilts and to participate in
a weekend conference devoted to the study of quilt history which includes
study centers, workshops, keynote and research presentations, and
pre-conference offerings.

Deadline for submissions for consideration in "Uncoverings 2001" is
December 1, 2000.

For complete submission and manuscript guidelines, contact the American
Quilt Study Group, 35th and Holdrege, East Campus Loop, P.O.Box 4737,
Lincoln, NE 68504-0737

phone: (402) 472-5361, fax: (402) 472-5428, e-mail aqsg2@...



Contact information:
American Quilt Study Group
P.O. Box 4737
35th and Holdrege, East Campus Loop
Lincoln, Nebraska 68504-0737
Email:  AQSG2@...

Publication website:
http://www2.h-net.msu.edu/~aqsg/

This announcement was submitted via the H-Net Announcements Website.
Find it at: http://www.h-net.msu.edu/announce/show.cgi?ID=125952
*********************************************************
This announcement has been posted by H-ANNOUNCE,
a service of H-Net, Michigan State University.

For an archive of announcements and information about how
to post, visit: http://www.h-net.msu.edu/announce
*********************************************************

Here are W.L. Yancey speeches at the Center for American History at the
University of Texas at Austin:

1 Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863 / An address to the people of Alabama. With
a supplement containing two
letters from Mr. Buchanan, and the late letter of Martin Van Buren / Montgomery
(Ala.) / 1856
329.3 Y15A PCL Stacks IN LIBRARY STORAGE FACILITY - ASK AT CIRCULATION DESK

2 Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863 / Memoranda of the late affair of honor
between Hon. T. L. Clingman, of
North Carolina, and Hon. William L. Yancey of Alabama. / (Washington, D.C.?) /
1845
TZZ 973.58 C616M Center for American History TXC-ZZ Collection USE IN LIBRARY
ONLY

3 Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863 / Oration on the life and character of
Andrew Jackson : delivered at their
request before the citizens of Wetumpka, Ala., on the 11th of J / Wetumpka
(Ala.) / 1845
E 382 Y294 1845 Center for American History TXC-Z Collection USE IN LIBRARY ONLY

4 Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863 / Six speeches. / (S.l. / 1969
MCFICHE 3488 Microforms PCL Level 1 USE IN LIBRARY ONLY

5 Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863 / Speech of Hon. W.L. Yancey delivered in
the Democratic State Convention,
of the State of Alabama, held at Montgomery, on the 11th, 12th, / Montgomery /
1969(1860)
MCFICHE 3487 Microforms PCL Level 1 USE IN LIBRARY ONLY

6 Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863 / Speech of Hon. Wm. Lowndes Yancey, of
Alabama, on the annexation of
Texas to the United States : delivered in the House of Representativ /
(Washington) / 1845
F 390 Y26 1845 Center for American History TXC-ZZ Collection USE IN LIBRARY ONLY
TZ 976.407 Y15S Center for American History TXC-Z Collection USE IN LIBRARY ONLY
TZ 976.407 Y15S Center for American History TXC-Z Collection COPY 2 USE IN
LIBRARY ONLY

7 Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863 / Speech of the Hon. William L. Yancey, of
Alabama : delivered in the National
Democratic convention, Charleston, April 28th, 1860. With t / (Charleston, S.C.)
/ 1860
E 440 Y23 Center for American History TXC-Z Collection USE IN LIBRARY ONLY

8 Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863 / Speech on the annexation of Texas to the
United States; delivered in the
House of Representatives, Jan. 7, 1845. / (Washington) / 1845
TZ 976.407 Y15S Center for American History TXC-Z Collection USE IN LIBRARY ONLY
TZ 976.407 Y15S Center for American History TXC-Z Collection COPY 2 USE IN
LIBRARY ONLY

Mark Palmer wrote:

> Among the William Lowndes Yancy Papers (LPR87) at the Alabama Department of
Archives and History is a subseries, Speeches, 1834-1863, containing "Yancey's
speeches that were presented at various political conventions and reflect his
opinions on such topics as states' rights, party platforms, secession, and other
contemporary issues. Also included are speeches presented to various societies
and commencements, a copybook, and serial typescripts of Various Yancey papers
for publication in the _Alabama Quarterly_." Available on microfilm.
>
> >>> <DaNptAl@...> 06/30/00 09:31AM >>>
> >From another list.
> David Allen
> <<All,
> I am looking for speeches by William Lowndes Yancey. If you know where some
> are or have some please let me know.
>
> Thanks,>>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Let Internet Call Manager notify you of phone calls while you're surf!
> Never feel rushed to get off-line again. Includes Caller ID and Web
> voicemail. And only $5 per month. Start your FREE trial today!
> http://click.egroups.com/1/6080/10/_/492949/_/962375490/
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Archives for the list can be viewed at
> http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> @Backup- Protect and Access your data any time, any where on the net.
> Try @Backup FREE and receive 300 points from mypoints.com Install now:
> http://click.egroups.com/1/5666/10/_/492949/_/962376194/
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Archives for the list can be viewed at
> http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory

--
MZ�

Hi, Genealogists:

Celebrate the holidays by making new friends in the chat room--pick up
genealogy tips and connect with descendants of your long lost ancestors.
All SURNAMES and STATES are welcome!

Saturday Schedule:  http://huntsville.about.com/mpchat.htm
(subtract 1 hr. for Central Time; 2 hrs. for Mt.; 3 hrs. for Pacific)
ALL DAY:  "Potluck Genealogy"--any surname, any state welcome........
7 pm Eastern Time--NORTHERN States genealogy.........
8 pm Eastern--SOUTHERN States genealogy.........
9-11 pm Eastern--CIVIL WAR genealogy........

Sunday Schedule:  http://huntsville.about.com/mpchat.htm
(subtract 1 hr. for Central Time; 2 hrs. for Mt.; 3 hrs. for Pacific)
ALL DAY--"Potluck Genealogy"  Any Surname, Any State.......
7 pm Eastern--All SURNAMES starting with A-J (any state)........
8 pm Eastern--All SURNAMES starting with K-Z (any state).......
9 pm Eastern--WISCONSIN genealogy......
10 pm Eastern--GREAT BRITAIN genealogy.......

Celebrate the 4th of July by posting all your little "sparklers" of info on
your tree in the forum:  http://about.delphi.com/ab-huntsville
Then sit back and watch the fireworks begin!!!  Ignite your family tree this
holiday!  Lots of action happening here....

If you need instructions for the chat room or the forum or want to be added
to the chat mailing list, let me know.

Jean Brandau
huntsville2@...

I researching Jesse Evans, the first circuit clerk of Montgomery
County, Alabama. Should anyone have any information relating to Jesse
Evans or know how to obtain such information, Please advise. I will
appreaciate all assistance to this endeavor.

fyi...aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: New Deal Network [mailto:ndn@...]
Sent: Monday, July 03, 2000 1:02 PM
To: H-US1918-45@...
Subject: CONF: The Gulf South in the 1930s and other topics in Gulf
South History


The Gulf South in the 1930s and other topics in Gulf South History

Location: Florida, United States Conference Date: 2000-10-12

The Gulf South History and Humanities Conference is an annual event
sponsored by the Gulf South Historical Association, a consortium of
Gulf South Colleges and Universities including the University of
South Alabama, the University of West Flordia, Pensacola Junior
College, the University of Southern Mississippi, Southeastern
Louisiana University, Texas Christian University and Texas A&M at
Galveston.

The 2000 Conference, to be held at the Hampton Inn on spectacular
Pensacola Beach, will examine, in detail, the Gulf South in the
1930s, as well as address any approved topic in any era of history
highlighting the states of the Gulf South.

The Association sponsors the William S. Coker Award for the Best
Graduate Level Paper presented at the annual conference. The
prize-winning paper receives a $250.00 cash prize and is eligible
for publication in the Association's juried journal Gulf South
Historical Review.

Contact information:
Dr. Randall Broxton
Department of History, Language and Philosophy
Pensacola Junior College
1000 College Blvd
Pensacola, FL 32504
850-484-1425
Email:  Rbroxton@...

I am trying to locate any information concerning Jean Guilluame
Beuret, Swiss Corporal/Deserter (from Solieur, Basel, Switzerland).
He arrived in Mobile on the vessel "Union", which left La Rochelle,
France on May 28,1719. At one time he was proported to be serving
with Latour's Company. He died in May, 1736 in the Chicasaw Indian
Battle near Mobile. He married Madeleine Rouger in Mobile on May 11,
1725. She arrived on the vessel LA MARIE at Dauphin Island on August
25, 1718. They had 4 children: Antoine (Burat)1726, Joseph Guilluame
(Burat) 1730, Jean Pierre (Burat) 1732/33, and Madeleine (Burat)
1736. Any information concerning any and/or all of these individual's
and/or the Mobile area/settlement before 1750 would be very much
appreciated.
Thanks,
Tom

Greetings,

I've been trying to locate some information on the textile mill strikes in
Alabama during the Great Depression-- specifically the Lanett mills in the
east-central part of the state.  I've found some mentions of it, but was
wondering if there were any articles or books specificaly deveoted to the
working class (previously rural farmers)-- and even more specifically with
women and children.  So far my lit search as turned up one dissertation
about 15 years old, and was wondering if anyone on the list knew of some
places I could search to supplement that.

Thanks,

Kyes Stevens



Kyes Stevens
Women's History/Poetry
Sarah Lawrence College

Troy State University Dothan is planning to develop the Wiregass Special
Collections dealing with the history of the Wiregrass area. I would
appreciate hearing from anyone with a special interest or information on
Dothan, Houston County,  and surrounding counties.

Thanks,
Julia Smith
Director of Library Services
TSU Dothan
jsmith@... or
jsmith2004@...

Greetings,

Let me try this again.  I posted with the wrong subject line.

I've been trying to locate some information on the textile mill strikes in
Alabama during the Great Depression-- specifically the Lanett mills in the
east-central part of the state.  I've found some mentions of it, but was
wondering if there were any articles or books specificaly deveoted to the
working class (previously rural farmers)-- and even more specifically with
women and children.  So far my lit search as turned up one dissertation
about 15 years old, and was wondering if anyone on the list knew of some
places I could search to supplement that.

Thanks,

Kyes Stevens

Kyes Stevens
Women's History/Poetry
Sarah Lawrence College

If you haven't already you may want to check the lists of theses and
dissertations on the website of the Alabama Department of Archvies and History
(http://www.archives.state.al.us/whatsnew/theses/). Please note that they are
only lists. Very few if any of the actual theses/dissertations will be available
at the Archives.
Good luck.
Mark Palmer

>>> Kyes Stevens <kstevens@...> 07/06/00 06:36AM >>>
Greetings,

Let me try this again.  I posted with the wrong subject line.

I've been trying to locate some information on the textile mill strikes in
Alabama during the Great Depression-- specifically the Lanett mills in the
east-central part of the state.  I've found some mentions of it, but was
wondering if there were any articles or books specificaly deveoted to the
working class (previously rural farmers)-- and even more specifically with
women and children.  So far my lit search as turned up one dissertation
about 15 years old, and was wondering if anyone on the list knew of some
places I could search to supplement that.

Thanks,

Kyes Stevens

Kyes Stevens
Women's History/Poetry
Sarah Lawrence College





------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where do sports heroes like Derek Jeter, Mia Hamm,
Vince Carter and Peyton Manning hang out? Where else?
Click now and find æem all here!
http://click.egroups.com/1/6211/10/_/492949/_/962883314/
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Archives for the list can be viewed at
http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory

Maybe the Alabama Virtual Library http://www.avl.lib.al.us can pick up this
database...

aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: H-NET List for Southern History [mailto:H-SOUTH@...] On
Behalf Of David Herr
Sent: Thursday, July 06, 2000 8:17 AM
To: H-SOUTH@...
Subject: Entire US Census, 1790-1920 going online


From: HeadLibrn@...
Date: Wed, 5 Jul 2000 14:17:16 EDT
Subject: Entire US Census, 1790-1920 going online


Colleagues,
This will be a big story.
Heritage Quest, inc. is going online with the entire US Census, all 12,555
rolls of film. The U.S. Census from 1790 to 1920, fully digitized is going
online. You can get more information at a demo during the American Library
Assn. Conference in Chicago, on Saturday, July 8, from 9:30 - Noon in the
Hyatt Regency Grand Ballroom E, or stop by the Heritage Quest booth, #3625.
It will be available by subscription to libraries when it is up this Fall at
GenealogyDatabase.com. This is expected to be the largest data base of any
subject on the Internet.
Tom

fyi...I've extracted one relevant title from a long list...aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: H-NET List on the History of Science, Medicine, and Technology
[mailto:H-SCI-MED-TECH@...] On Behalf Of Phillip Thurtle,
H-SCI-MED-TECH
Sent: Friday, June 02, 2000 3:38 PM
To: H-SCI-MED-TECH@...
Subject: H-Net Reviews Posted to the Web, 29 May to 2 June


Date: Fri, 2 Jun 2000 13:23:30 -0400
From: H-Net Reviews <books@...>

Friends The following reviews were posted to the H-Net website from 29 May
to 2 June.

H-Net Staff

Reviewed for H-Indiana by Glenn L. McMullen
    Robert L. Willett, Jr.  _The Lightning Mule Brigade: Abel
    Streight's 1863 Raid into Alabama_ . Foreword by Edward G.
    Longacre.  Carmel: Guild Press of Indiana, 1999.  232 pp.  Maps,
    photographs, notes, bibliography, appendix (known casualties),
    and index.  $24.95 (cloth), ISBN 1-57860-009-5; $16.95 (paper),
    ISBN 1-57860-025-1.
http://www.h-net.msu.edu/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=11999959965217

I certainly hope that the Alabama Virtual Library will add this site to
their list.
hhh
-----Original Message-----
From: A.J. Wright <a.j.wright@...>
To: 'alabamahistory@egroups.com' <alabamahistory@egroups.com>
Date: Thursday, July 06, 2000 2:36 PM
Subject: [alabamahistory] FW: Entire US Census, 1790-1920 going online


>Maybe the Alabama Virtual Library http://www.avl.lib.al.us can pick up this
>database...
>
>aj wright
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: H-NET List for Southern History [mailto:H-SOUTH@...] On
>Behalf Of David Herr
>Sent: Thursday, July 06, 2000 8:17 AM
>To: H-SOUTH@...
>Subject: Entire US Census, 1790-1920 going online
>
>
>From: HeadLibrn@...
>Date: Wed, 5 Jul 2000 14:17:16 EDT
>Subject: Entire US Census, 1790-1920 going online
>
>
>Colleagues,
>This will be a big story.
>Heritage Quest, inc. is going online with the entire US Census, all 12,555
>rolls of film. The U.S. Census from 1790 to 1920, fully digitized is going
>online. You can get more information at a demo during the American Library
>Assn. Conference in Chicago, on Saturday, July 8, from 9:30 - Noon in the
>Hyatt Regency Grand Ballroom E, or stop by the Heritage Quest booth, #3625.
>It will be available by subscription to libraries when it is up this Fall
at
>GenealogyDatabase.com. This is expected to be the largest data base of any
>subject on the Internet.
>Tom
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Remember four years of good friends, bad clothes, explosive chemistry
>experiments.
>http://click.egroups.com/1/5532/10/_/492949/_/962912154/
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Archives for the list can be viewed at
>http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory
>

Dear List,

Hi.  Speaking of the excellent Alabama Department of Archives and History
list of dissertations on the state's history, I notice that the last
version of the homepage was done in 1996.  Are there any plans by the
archives periodically to update the listing?

Thanks,

Mike Fitzgerald
fitz@...

At 07:42 AM 7/6/00 -0500, you wrote:
>If you haven't already you may want to check the lists of theses and
dissertations on the website of the Alabama Department of Archvies and
History (http://www.archives.state.al.us/whatsnew/theses/). Please note
that they are only lists. Very few if any of the actual
theses/dissertations will be available at the Archives.
>Good luck.
>Mark Palmer
>
>>>> Kyes Stevens <kstevens@...> 07/06/00 06:36AM >>>
>Greetings,
>
>Let me try this again.  I posted with the wrong subject line.
>
>I've been trying to locate some information on the textile mill strikes in
>Alabama during the Great Depression-- specifically the Lanett mills in the
>east-central part of the state.  I've found some mentions of it, but was
>wondering if there were any articles or books specificaly deveoted to the
>working class (previously rural farmers)-- and even more specifically with
>women and children.  So far my lit search as turned up one dissertation
>about 15 years old, and was wondering if anyone on the list knew of some
>places I could search to supplement that.
>
>Thanks,
>
>Kyes Stevens
>
>Kyes Stevens
>Women's History/Poetry
>Sarah Lawrence College
>
>
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Where do sports heroes like Derek Jeter, Mia Hamm,
>Vince Carter and Peyton Manning hang out? Where else?
>Click now and find æem all here!
>http://click.egroups.com/1/6211/10/_/492949/_/962883314/
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Archives for the list can be viewed at
>http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Where do sports heroes like Derek Jeter, Mia Hamm,
>Vince Carter and Peyton Manning hang out? Where else?
>Click now and find ‘em all here!
>http://click.egroups.com/1/6211/10/_/492949/_/962887459/
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Archives for the list can be viewed at
>http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory
>
>
>

Yes, we do occasionally update the list. If you are aware of any titles that
should be included, please pass on the information to me or to Rickie Brunner
(rbrunner@...).

Thanks,
Mark Palmer

>>> michael fitzgerald <fitz@...> 07/10/00 12:33PM >>>
Dear List,

Hi.  Speaking of the excellent Alabama Department of Archives and History
list of dissertations on the state's history, I notice that the last
version of the homepage was done in 1996.  Are there any plans by the
archives periodically to update the listing?

Thanks,

Mike Fitzgerald
fitz@...

At 07:42 AM 7/6/00 -0500, you wrote:
>If you haven't already you may want to check the lists of theses and
dissertations on the website of the Alabama Department of Archvies and
History (http://www.archives.state.al.us/whatsnew/theses/). Please note
that they are only lists. Very few if any of the actual
theses/dissertations will be available at the Archives.
>Good luck.
>Mark Palmer
>
>>>> Kyes Stevens <kstevens@...> 07/06/00 06:36AM >>>
>Greetings,
>
>Let me try this again.  I posted with the wrong subject line.
>
>I've been trying to locate some information on the textile mill strikes in
>Alabama during the Great Depression-- specifically the Lanett mills in the
>east-central part of the state.  I've found some mentions of it, but was
>wondering if there were any articles or books specificaly deveoted to the
>working class (previously rural farmers)-- and even more specifically with
>women and children.  So far my lit search as turned up one dissertation
>about 15 years old, and was wondering if anyone on the list knew of some
>places I could search to supplement that.
>
>Thanks,
>
>Kyes Stevens
>
>Kyes Stevens
>Women's History/Poetry
>Sarah Lawrence College
>
>
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Where do sports heroes like Derek Jeter, Mia Hamm,
>Vince Carter and Peyton Manning hang out? Where else?
>Click now and find æem all here!
>http://click.egroups.com/1/6211/10/_/492949/_/962883314/
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Archives for the list can be viewed at
>http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory
>
>
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Where do sports heroes like Derek Jeter, Mia Hamm,
>Vince Carter and Peyton Manning hang out? Where else?
>Click now and find *em all here!
>http://click.egroups.com/1/6211/10/_/492949/_/962887459/
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>Archives for the list can be viewed at
>http://www.onelist.com/archives/alabamahistory
>
>
>


------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find long lost high school friends:
http://click.egroups.com/1/5535/10/_/492949/_/963250400/
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Archives for the list can be viewed at
http://www.egroups.com/archive/alabamahistory

this title may be of interest to some subscribers....aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: H-Net Review Project Distribution List
[mailto:H-REVIEW@...] On Behalf Of H-Net Reviews
Sent: Tuesday, June 06, 2000 9:56 AM
To: H-REVIEW@...
Subject: Brophy on Huebner, _The Southern Judicial Tradition_


H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by H-SHEAR@... (June, 2000)

Timothy S. Huebner. _The Southern Judicial Tradition: State Judges
and Sectional Distinctiveness, 1790-1890_.  Athens:  University of
Georgia Press, 1999.  xiii + 263 pp.  Notes, bibliography, and
index. $45.00 (cloth), ISBN 0-8203-2101-X.

Reviewed for H-SHEAR by Alfred L. Brophy <abrophy@...>,
Oklahoma City University School of Law

Timothy Huebner's _The Southern Judicial Tradition_ explores the
development of Southern legal thought in the nineteenth century
through jurisprudential-biographical studies of six judges: Spencer
Roane of the Virginia Court of Appeals, John Catron of the Tennessee
Supreme Court (and later of the United States Supreme Court, though
Huebner is less interested in his time there), Joseph Henry Lumpkin
of Georgia Supreme Court, John W. Hemphill of the Texas Supreme
Court, Thomas Ruffin of the North Carolina Supreme Court, and George
Washington Stone of the Alabama Supreme Court.  The book, following
the design of Richard Hofstadter's _American Political Tradition_
and G. Edward White's _American Judicial Tradition_, employs the
case studies to make several claims about Southern legal thought.
First, it was linked to a national judicial tradition, which took
its law from national treatises and was bound (particularly in
criminal law) to precedent.  That tradition also showed remarkable
concern for the community's welfare and sometimes adapted the law to
concerns of humanity and expediency.  Second, Southern judges
inhabited a world of sectional feelings, which led them (sometimes)
to promote secession and affected their decisions in cases involving
race.

Professor Huebner's study, exploring as it does the central
tendencies of Southern legal minds, is located at the center of at
least three important debates in nineteenth century American legal
history.  It may be appropriate to use those debates as a vehicle
for exploring Huebner's contribution to our understanding of legal
history.  The first is represented by William Novak's _The People's
Welfare_, which portrays a pervasive ethic of regulation.  Huebner
can test whether Novak's findings should be applied to the South and
whether some judges deviated from Novak's model.  The second, and
perhaps most contentious, is represented by Peter Karsten's _Heart
versus Head: Judge-Made Law in Nineteenth-Century America_, which
argues that in the rare instances when judges departed from
precedent, they were driven by considerations of sentiment--not cold
calculations of economics.  Karsten poses a direct challenge to
Morton Horwitz's 1977 book _Transformation of American Law_, which
found that judges in the first half of the nineteenth century
self-consciously recrafted common law rules to promote economic
growth. One can compare the motives of Huebner's judges to see
whether they fit Horwitz's model or Karsten's, or some other model.
Finally, there is the question, represented by a series of articles
from Ariela Gross, Adrienne Davis, and Sarah Barringer Gordon, among
many others, of whether there was a unified legal mind in the
nineteenth century.[1] Indeed, one wonders whether Huebner's study
might more appropriately be called "Southern Legal Traditions"?

Huebner's project is composed, then, of a series of informative
essays on his six subjects, sandwiched between introductory and
concluding essays, which present his themes in remarkably lucid
terms.  The judges are presented in roughly chronological order, and
Huebner picks certain unifying themes of each jurist's career as the
focal points of the essays. Roane (1762-1822)  served on the General
Court (the final court of criminal appeals and the intermediate
court of appeals in civil matters)  from 1789 until his 1804
appointment to the Virginia Court of Appeals, where he served until
his death in 1822.  Roane is an important bridge between the
Revolution and the antebellum era.  He was educated at William and
Mary under Marshall Wythe, who himself was an important link to
Enlightenment legal thought in eighteenth century Virginia.  Roane
shared some of the traits of the Enlightenment, like a moderate
opposition to slavery and support for judicial review.  Huebner
interprets Roane as different from judges of the mid-nineteenth
century who "often freely fashioned the law to fit the changing
needs of antebellum society and conceived of themselves as
performing a legislative function" (p. 15). Here I'm a little unsure
of how different Roane is from Ruffin.  One piece of Huebner's
evidence that Roane "clearly did not perceive of the court or the
law as a means of shaping society," is Roane's statement in _Young
v. Gregorie_, 7 Va. 446 (1803), that "I am compelled to yield my
impressions, relative to the real justice of the appellant's cause
to the established principles of the law, as settled by successive
and long existing doctrine." Yet one can (through the magic of
Lexis) find many similar statements by even Lumpkin, who is more
willing than either Roane or Ruffin to remake the law to comport
with his views on humanity, economy, and society.  Lumpkin observes,
for example, that "Courts are compelled to administer the law as it
is." _Andrews v. Bonner_, 26 Ga.  520, 523 (1858).[2]

Some of Roane's other opinions suggest he was willing to modify
property rights.  In _Currie's Administrator v. Mutual Assurance
Society_, 14 Va.  315 (1809), Roane, for instance, interpreted a
modification in the charter of an insurance company.  The company
began by providing coverage to both urban and rural insureds at the
same cost, but later began charging more to urban insureds because
of the increased risk they posed.  Roane upheld that alteration by
reference to the nature of public corporations (p.  28-29).
_Currie's Administrator_ allowed more power to interfere with
contracts than Roane's fellow Virginian John Marshall allowed in
_Dartmouth College_.  The comparison of _Currie's Administrator_
with _Dartmouth College_ suggests the importance of public
rights--and how those rights were eclipsed by private rights later.

We then shift from Virginia to Tennessee, where John Catron
(1786-1865)  served as a justice on the Supreme Court of Errors and
Appeals from 1824 until his impolitic support of Martin Van Buren
led to his replacement in 1836.  Early the next year, President
Andrew Jackson nominated Catron to the United States Supreme Court.
Catron professed less fidelity to precedent than did Roane (p. 45),
although one should be cautious to link public statements about
precedent with a judge's actual voting behavior. Early in his
career, he supported native land claims pursuant to treaty rights,
although those cases seemed relatively easy ones.  It is difficult
to see how some of those cases, like _Blair v. Pathkiller's Lessee_,
10 Tennessee 407 (1830), could have been decided differently
consistent with the federal government's treaty obligations.

Catron appears as a Jacksonian Jurist, to borrow a phrase from
Charles Smith's 1936 biography of Chief Justice Roger Taney.  His
opinion in _State v. Foreman_, 16 Tenn. 256 (1835), supported white
property rights over those of natives.  It presents a conflict
between morality and law, which Catron acknowledged.  But Catron did
not allow sentiments of morality to dictate the result.  He rested
on the "discovery" doctrine. Similarly, in _Fisher's Negroes v.
Dabbs_, 14 Tennessee 119 (1834), an important though under-studied
case, Catron upheld a will manumitting slaves and providing that
they be transported outside the state.  Catron interpreted the will
broadly, to require that the slaves be transported from the United
States.  Catron reaches an antislavery conclusion in _Dabbs_, even
though he is proslavery.  It is an important Southern counterpart to
the Northern opinions that reached proslavery results despite
judges' antislavery feelings, which Robert Cover wrote about in
_Justice Accused_.  Catron also opposed the Tennessee bank in two
editorials in the Nashville Journal in 1829 and, in a series of
contentious claims between first settlers and subsequent good faith
improvers, decided consistently in favor of the newer settlers.

Huebner portrays a strong contrast between Catron and his next
subject, Joseph Henry Lumpkin (1799-1867).  Lumpkin, who served on
the Georgia Supreme Court from its inception in 1846 through the
Civil War, was an evangelical Whig.  Lumpkin is an especially likely
candidate for inclusion in this study because he spoke and wrote
frequently about the need for codification and industrial
development, as well as religious reform, and was a founder of the
University of Georgia law school.  How did Lumpkin's political and
religious ideology influence his decisions?  There are several
examples.

Perhaps the central case in Huebner's analysis is _Shorter v.
Smith_, 9 Ga. 517 (1851).  The plaintiffs owned ferries across two
rivers.  They sought to enjoin the construction of nearby bridges,
based on their franchise.  Lumpkin easily dismissed the claim in an
opinion rich with Whig rhetoric about the importance of competition
and Democratic rhetoric about the importance of preserving the
government's power.  Although English precedent supported broad
construction of rights from grants and some early American cases
also construed franchises "to exclude all contiguous competition,"
Lumpkin would not grant such exclusive rights. He quoted Chief
Justice Taney's reasoning in _Charles River Bridge_: "A State ought
never to be presumed to surrender their power, because, like the
taxing power, the whole community have an interest in preserving it
undiminished."  Lumpkin went further than Taney in observing that
"The continued existence of the government would be of no great
value, if by implication and presumptions, it was disarmed of its
creation, and the functions it was designed to perform, transferred
to the hands of privileged corporations." 9 Ga. at 525.  Lumpkin
distanced himself from the Whig jurist Chancellor Kent, although he
emphasized competition. "[W]e have and in the very nature can have,
no other protection but that which results from free and
unrestricted competition." 9 Ga. at 527.  In _Shorter_ Lumpkin is in
the mainstream of American legal thought regarding vested rights in
the 1850s, for, as he said, "if one principle is settled in this
country beyond all hazard of a change, it is, that in grants by the
public, nothing passes by implication." 9 Ga. at 524.

Huebner makes me wonder when is it appropriate to emphasize
continuity between jurists on the issue of vested rights?  Is there
a unified Southern approach?  If so, how do we explain cases like
_Fisher v. Higgins_, 21 Ky. (5 T.B. Mon.) 140 (1827)?  In _Fisher_
several Tennessee judges differed on the constitutionality of
retroactive application of a law that allowed prior purchases of
property to oust those who mistakenly occupied and then made
improvements to the land.[3] And if there is a unified Southern
approach, why are we talking about Catron as a Jacksonian jurist and
Lumpkin as an evangelical Whig?  Is it because of the differences of
Catron and Lumpkin towards economic development?  Recent scholarship
suggests that there was a near consensus among all Americans over
the desirability of progress and economic growth.[4] The differences
may be characterized as those between old and new wealth.  For, as
Emerson put it in "The Conservative," all wanted a share of
property:  "You quarrel with my conservatism, but it is to build up
one of your own; it will have a new beginning, but the same course
and end, the same trials, the same passions;  among the lovers of
the new I detect a jealousy of the newest." _Emerson's Essays_ 178
(Joel Porte ed., 1983).

I do think that there are important differences between Whigs and
Democrats on a number of issues, including vested rights.  But those
differences appear at the margins.  Take Lumpkin's opinion in
_Bishop and Parsons v. Mayor and Aldermen of Macon_, 7 Ga. 200
(1849).  Macon officials burned a house as a fire break, then denied
compensation, claiming that the house would have burned anyway.
Well-established doctrine held that a town could burn houses in such
instances with impunity; nevertheless, Lumpkin required partial
payment on the idea that the house was burned prematurely and that
some of the furnishings could have been saved if it had not been
burned so quickly.  Such was Lumpkin's careful balancing of
community and individual interests.

Lumpkin disregarded precedent in some instances, at least once with
allusion to outmoded feudal rules.  He wrote in _Shorter_, for
example, that "In England and other countries, which are governed by
force, the performance of public duties by inn-keepers, owners of
bridges and ferries, &c., can be coerced by the enforcement of legal
penalties.  Not so here . .  . ." 9 Ga. at 527.  And in simplifying
the rules regarding conveyancing, Lumpkin wrote that "The nations of
the earth are clamoring for bread, they will be put off no longer
with a stone.  They ask for reasons, they will not be satisfied by
mere precedents, however hoary with antiquity.  It is quite too late
in the age of the world, to substitute words for things, sound for
sense, the shadow for the substance." _Leary v. Durham_, 4 Ga.  593,
602 (1848).  Shades of Emerson's "American Scholar," it seems to me.
But more often Lumpkin followed precedent, as in _Maddox v.
Simmons_, 31 Ga. 512 (1860), where he followed well-established
contract law and refused to investigate the apparent unfairness of a
contract entered into by an old man who may have been mentally
disabled.  Lumpkin self-consciously denied his right to change the
law in some instances.[5] Like Catron, he issued an antislavery
decision despite his proslavery sentiments (pp. 93-94).

Thomas Ruffin (1789-1865), whom Huebner calls a "judicial
pragmatist,"  presents a contrast with Lumpkin.  Ruffin served on
the North Carolina Supreme Court from 1829 until 1853 and earned a
reputation as a strict adherent to legal logic with his opinion in
_State v. Mann_.  The case arose from the prosecution of John Mann
for assaulting Lydia, a slave whose services he had hired for one
year.  Mann hit her when she committed a small offense, and she ran
away.  Mann then shot her.  A jury convicted him of battery, but
Ruffin overturned the conviction, arguing that "the power of the
master must be absolute, to render the submission of the slave
perfect."  13 N.C. 263, 266 (1829).  _Mann_ combined considerations
of expediency, experience ("in the actual conditions of things, it
must be so"), and reasoning based on legal precedent.

Ruffin wrote illuminating opinions on property rights, which show a
balancing of the interests of state regulation and individual
property rights.  In _Hoke v. Henderson_, 15 N.C. 1 (1833), Ruffin
upheld the right of a court clerk to continue in office until his
term expired. Ruffin held that the legislature could not terminate
the clerk's position when it wanted to switch from appointed to
elected clerks (pp. 135-137).  _Hoke_ sprung from Ruffin's respect
for property rights.  Another key property opinion was _Raleigh &
Gaston Railroad v. Davis_, 19 N.C. 451 (1837). _Davis_ upheld a
North Carolina statute allowing a railroad to purchase private
property without the owner's consent.  Davis argued that the state
could not take property for use by the railroad, for the property
was not being taken for a public purpose.  Ruffin recognized that
the act benefitted a private company, but he linked public and
private interests.  "An immense and beneficial revolution has been
brought about in modern times, by engaging individual enterprise,
industry, and economy, in the execution of public works of internal
improvement." (19 N.C. at 469) Those private interests undertook to
build and operate the railroad, which in turn benefitted the public.
Such reasoning was in line with the dominant Southern ideology,
which sought to protect the state from upheaval and thus
subordinated individual liberty interests to the state.

Often Ruffin discussed the importance of following precedent. He
wrote, for example, in _State v. Ephrain_, 19 N.C. 160, 167 (1836):

    It is true, that the exigencies of society have, from time to
    time, obtained, in some instances, judicial modifications of
    ancient rules of law, but this has been effected by slow and
    almost imperceptible degrees, and without a recurrence, at
    those times, to first principles, until a succession of
    inadvertent departures from the old rule, have so strongly
    established exceptions to it, that a court subsequently
    reviewing the whole ground, finds it more difficult and
    dangerous to attempt to re-establish the principle of its
    integrity, by retracing the steps of those who had lost sight
    of it, than to receive and enforce the rule, with its
    exceptions, all as they came down to us.  . . . Courts cannot
    thus change their position, and frame anew original rules of
    law, or introduce exceptions not before found, either in
    terms or in principles.

In light of his references to precedent I wonder whether "pragmatist" is
the best way to characterize Ruffin's approach.  He took the world as it
was, followed precedent rather than tried to change it, and sought
limitations on government.

But what of the differences between Ruffin and Lumpkin?  Ruffin seems to
be the eighteenth-century jurist -- precedent bound and taking the human
condition the way it is.  Lumpkin, to my reading, is more willing to
change the law than was Ruffin.  One might also look to Lumpkin's opinion
in _Beall v. Beall_, 8 Ga.  210, 223 (1850), where he interpreted a
private act that legitimated two illegitimate children.  He upheld the act
over claims that it was an unconstitutional interference with the property
rights of the decedent's other child.  Lumpkin noted that Ruffin had
upheld the right of the legislature to legitimate a child even without the
father's consent, but Lumpkin thought that went too far: "I should
seriously question the power of the Legislature to pass a private Act,
changing the law of descent, as it respects one individual of the
community, without his consent . . . . [O]ne of the essential elements of
the law is, it must be general -- a rule prescribed for the civil conduct
of the whole community, and not a transient order from a superior, to or
concerning a particular person."  I think the case illustrates some of the
differences between two of the South's greatest antebellum jurists.[6]

There are two other jurists who present fine contrasts -- John
Hemphill of Texas (1803-1862) and George Washington Stone of Alabama
(1811-1894).  Hemphill was born in South Carolina and educated at
Washington and Jefferson College in Pennsylvania and in the law
office of David J. McCord, a prominent lawyer, codifier, and
reporter, as well as the husband of one of the leading proslavery
writers of the 1850s.  Hemphill was admitted to practice in 1828 and
he spent the next decade in South Carolina, practicing law and
engaging in politics.  As editor of the _Sumter Gazette_ he
supported nullification.  He moved to Texas in 1838, hoping for
political and economic advancement.  His hopes were realized.  He
was appointed a district judge within two years of his arrival.
Less than a year later, he ascended to the Texas Supreme Court, a
position he held until 1856 when he went into the United States
Senate.

Working in a remote province, Hemphill had little in the way of
precedent.  Justices of the Texas Supreme Court took advantage of
that opportunity to craft a law suited to Texas's needs.  Hemphill
construed homestead exemptions broadly, for instance, to protect
families from losing their homes through bankruptcy.  Perhaps most
illuminating, though, is Huebner's argument that the Texas Supreme
Court treated slaves more leniently than other Southern courts in
part because there was a smaller fear of abolitionists in Texas than
elsewhere (p. 119).  For example, Texas allowed slaveholders to
emancipate slaves via will, if the slaves were freed outside the
state, at a time when other Southern courts were restricting that
right (p. 122).  Whether that result was based on the justices'
sense of security from abolitionists, their sentiments of humanity
towards slaves, their desire to decrease the black population of
Texas, or some other reason is less clear.  One might hope that in
Hemphill's case the relationship he had with a slave named Sabina
and the two children they had together might have influenced him
towards antislavery results.  Indeed, he sent both of the children
to be educated by abolitionists in Ohio (p. 125).  Hemphill,
nevertheless, was a strong support of secession in Congress (p.
127).

George Washington Stone, who served on the Alabama Supreme Court
from 1856 to 1865 and again from 1876 until his death in 1894, is
the only jurist Huebner studies who served after the war.  Stone was
born in Virginia, grew up and was educated in law in Tennessee, then
moved to Alabama, where prospects for young lawyers were good (pp.
160-161). Stone illustrates well the conflicts that Southern jurists
faced between national and state interests.  In his case, the
conflicts he decided were between the Confederacy and Alabama.  In a
series of opinions Stone, citing Marshall Court opinions, upheld the
right of the Confederacy to conscript soldiers (pp. 163-167).
Removed from the Supreme Court during Reconstruction in 1865, Stone
came back to the court in 1876 as Reconstruction was undone in
Alabama (p.  168).

Stone's post-Reconstruction opinions again show the hallmarks of
Southern jurisprudence, including upholding Alabama's
anti-miscegenation law over claims that it violated the Fourteenth
Amendment. He later proffered a ridiculously narrow interpretation
of what constituted state action, which allowed court officials to
exclude blacks from the grand jury pool free from Fourteenth
Amendment scrutiny.  He wielded constitutional arguments, however,
to protect corporations from laws he viewed as burdening them
disproportionately (pp. 174-175).  Stone was, thus, both committed
to white Southern principles and to the national bar's respect for
business. He is a fine end to the six biographies, which shows the
development of Southern jurisprudences within guideposts established
by the United States Supreme Court, treatises, and state courts from
other sections of the country.

Huebner's judges, then, have a great deal to say on the themes
advanced by William Novak, Peter Karsten, and Morton Horwitz.  They
are in line with the judges described by Novak, who seek a
well-regulated society. Karsten's heart paradigm does not seem to
fit Huebner's judges quite as well.  Thomas Ruffin wrestled aside
"the feelings of the man" in his breast in favor of the "duty of the
magistrate."  Huebner presents one of the strongest book-length
defenses of Morton Horwitz's _Transformation of American Law_ in
recent years.  His judges look very much like Horwitz's ambitious
jurists who recrafted the law when they could to comport with their
own visions of economy and society.

Maybe one unifying theme is the subordination of private interests
to the public good.  There is much in proslavery writing that
suggests calculations of utility should triumph over individual
considerations. One of the great distinctions between Northern and
Southern legal thought may be the importance of preservation of the
state over individual liberty.  Much, much more research needs to be
done on this point to test that thesis.  But when one asks the
obvious question: how much did the institution of slavery affect the
development of Southern legal thought, the answer turns in important
ways on the identifying differences that cut across judges.
Certainly, slavery jurisprudence itself was affected, but what about
other areas?  Was it responsible for the development of a doctrine
that celebrated the protection of the public at the expense of
property rights?

Huebner has contributed a really fine work at the intersection of
several key roads in nineteenth century legal history.  It may very
well be that the most profitable studies in the next few years will
mine his techniques of biographical sketches to recover the main
themes of American legal thought and see how the whole system of
thought--religious, political, moral, and economic ideas--fit
together in American minds.  If so, we can model Huebner's
techniques.  He offers a sophisticated interpretation of the
cultural forces behind the shifts in legal thought in the nineteenth
century.

Notes

[1].  Ariela Gross, "Pandora's Box: Slave Character on Trial in the
Antebellum Deep South," in _Slavery and the Law_ 291-327 (Paul
Finkelman ed., 1997); Sarah Barringer Gordon, "'Our National
Hearthstone': Anti-Polygamy Fiction and the Sentimental Campaign
Against Moral Diversity in Antebellum America," 8 _Yale J. L. &
Hum._ 295 (1996); Adrienne D.  Davis, "The Private Law of Race and
Sex: An Antebellum Perspective," 51 _Stan. L.  Rev._ 221-88 (1999).

[2].  In case you have not already heard, both Lexis and Westlaw
have made great strides in the past year in putting antebellum state
cases into their databases.  See also _Caldwell v. Justices of
Gilford County_, 27 N.C. 315, 330-31 (1844) (Ruffin) ("[T]hey are to
found their judgment on what they believe the legislature intends on
it; in other words, they are to act on what they believe the law to
be, and not what they think it ought to be.  It is a criminal
perversion of power, to use it for a purpose, for which the
legislature did not confer it, and with the view of defeating the
end the legislature had in entrusting the power to them. In fine, in
this case, it would amount to an attempt by a few individuals, to
set up their will against the general sentiments and habits of
mankind, and the legislative authority of the country.")

[3].  Of course even Chancellor Kent thought there could be some
retroactive liability.  He wrote a brief to that effect in the
Mississippi Supreme Court in 1846.  (_Port Nevins Banks_, 6 Smedes &
Marshall 513).

[4].  See, e.g., William Gienapp, "The Myth of Class in Jacksonian
America,"  6 _Journal of Policy History_ 247-49 (1994).

[5].  See _Cleland v. Waters_, 19 Ga. 35, 49 (1855) ("We feel the
full force of these arguments.  They have been addressed to this and
other Courts before, but have failed to produce conviction, for the
simple reason that such appeals are made to the wrong tribunal.
They should be submitted to the halls of legislation, and not to the
Courts of Justice. It is not the province of the Courts _to make_
public policy, but simply _to declare it_, as it exists.  . . .
Public opinion is too transient and changeable to become a rule of
decision.  It must take the shape of settled law to become a rule of
decision.  It must take the shape of settled law before the Courts
will undertake to enforce it.") (emphasis in original).

[6].  See also _Patterson v. Hickey_, 32 Ga. 156, 164 (1861)
(Lumpkin)  (mentioning Roane and Ruffin and contrasting them with
Kent and Story).

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followup from the author to previous review...aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: H-NET List for Southern History [mailto:H-SOUTH@...] On
Behalf Of Ian Binnington
Sent: Tuesday, June 06, 2000 12:58 PM
To: H-SOUTH@...
Subject: Crosspost: Huebner responds to review of _The Southern Judicial
Tradition_


Date: Tue, 06 Jun 2000 10:29:20 -0400
From: H-SHEAR Editor Jonathan Sassi <sassi@...>
Subject: Tim Huebner responds to review of _The Southern Judicial
Tradition_

Response to Alfred Brophy, by Tim Huebner

I would like to thank Bruce Baird, H-SHEAR's Book Review Co-Editor, for
giving me an opportunity to respond to Al Brophy's very thorough and
thoughtful review of my book, _The Southern Judicial Tradition_. Prof.
Brophy astutely connects my work to some of the broad debates about the
nature of law and judging in nineteenth-century America. Although I address
some of these historiographical issues explicitly in the text, Prof.
Brophy's incisive analysis of my work in light of the most recent
literature has given me much to consider. I offer these brief thoughts on
his comments, with the hope that others may also contribute to a dialogue
about these issues.

First, my book definitely addresses the debate that began initially with
the publication of Morton Horwitz's _The Transformation of American Law_
and that continues with the recent work of Peter Karsten, _Heart v. Head_.
Prof. Brophy correctly characterizes my book as a defense of the Horwitz
thesis in one sense: there is much evidence to show that nineteenth-century
state supreme court judges held to an "instrumental conception of the law."
These judges seemed perfectly willing to shape the law to create the type
of society they hoped to build. Although they at times mouthed a commitment
to precedent and sometimes "put on the mask of the law" in order to avoid
conflict with the legislature, more often than not nineteenth-century
southern jurists freely exercised their power in order to create a certain
type of society. Thus, John Hemphill in Texas fashioned the state's
homestead exemption laws to protect debtors and lure new settlers, while
Joseph H. Lumpkin in Georgia rejected implied monopoly rights in order to
promote the development of internal improvements.

On the other hand, I do not agree with Horwitz's claim that the bar allied
itself with an economic elite, nor do I see a transition from
instrumentalism to legal formalism at the end of the century. Indeed, the
late nineteenth-century judge whom I examine, George W. Stone, had no more
respect for precedent than his antebellum predecessors. All of these judges
saw themselves as models of gentility, as exemplars for aspiring lawyers
and professionals, and all held to a paternalistic, hierarchical conception
of society in which it was their duty to try to reform, to civilize, and to
protect the general populace. In this regard, I see much merit in the
interpretation of Peter Karsten. Because of their backgrounds--their levels
of education, the conceptions of their own social status, and the
obligations they believed came with their position--these judges often
acted to defend the weak and lowly. This paternalism was usually--though
certainly not always--evident in slave cases. This is where Prof. Brophy's
insight is especially keen, for I agree that southern judges'
paternalistic, hierarchical conception of slave society helps to explain
these jurists' frequent references to protecting the "public interest" over
individual rights, especially in cases involving vested rights. More
research into the biographies of the hundreds of men who shaped case law in
the state courts of the South--men like John Haywood of North Carolina and
Tennessee, Nathan Green and William Turley of Tennessee, Henderson
Sommerville of Alabama, William Sharkey of Mississippi, William Gaston of
North Carolina--will help round out the picture of nineteenth-century
American legal thought.

Finally, for non-legal historians, I think my book also speaks to
historiography of sectionalism and the American South. Historians know much
about planters, plain folks, slaves, and, increasingly, women in the Old
South. What historians still know relatively little about, however, is the
professional class--that group of lawyers, physicians, and business people
who exerted a significant influence over southern law, politics, and
commerce. Some of the ideas and values of this professional
class--evangelical Christianity, a faith in progress, a commitment to
slavery and social hierarchy--emerge from my book, but scholars still have
much to learn about life off the plantation and in the towns and commercial
centers of the Old South.

Again, I extend my thanks for the kind and helpful remarks of Prof. Brophy,
who has provided an insightful context and framework for my book.

Tim Huebner
Rhodes College
huebner@...

Hello, My interest of history of ALabama stems from
the fact my Grandmother was in the Alabama Baptist
Orphanage for a time...She passed away in 1996 without
telling us much about this, I would like to find out
more about this Place.   Thanks Cheryl Lowe

...if it is/was a Southern Baptist institution perhaps Samford University
has info...search their library catalog at http://library.samford.edu
...there is also an Alabama Baptist Historical Society based in Birmingham
but I don't have contact info at hand....contact staff at Samford Univ
Libraries Special Collections..they are veery helpful...aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: Cheryl Lowe [mailto:cherbo38@...]
Sent: Wednesday, July 12, 2000 12:26 PM
To: alabamahistory@egroups.com
Subject: [alabamahistory] (unknown)


Hello, My interest of history of ALabama stems from
the fact my Grandmother was in the Alabama Baptist
Orphanage for a time...She passed away in 1996 without
telling us much about this, I would like to find out
more about this Place.   Thanks Cheryl Lowe

------------------------------------------------------------------------
BTW: Did you buy that new car yet?
If not, check this site out.
They're called CarsDirect.com and it's a pretty sweet way to buy a car.
http://click.egroups.com/1/6847/10/_/492949/_/963422731/
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Archives for the list can be viewed at
http://www.egroups.com/archive/alabamahistory

This title has material related to banking in the South...aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: H-Net Review Project Distribution List
[mailto:H-REVIEW@...] On Behalf Of H-Net Reviews
Sent: Wednesday, July 12, 2000 3:34 PM
To: H-REVIEW@...
Subject: Moen on Bodenhorn, _History of Banking in Antebellum America_


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H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by EH.Net (July, 2000)

Howard Bodenhorn.  _A History of Banking in Antebellum America:
Financial Markets and Economic Development in an Era of
Nation-Building_. New York:  Cambridge University Press, 2000. xxi +
260 pp. $59.95 (cloth), ISBN 0-521-66285-0; $22.95 (paper), ISBN
0-521-66999-5.

Reviewed for EH.Net by Jon Moen <jmoen@...>, Department
of Economics and Finance, University of Mississippi

Almost all economic historians have read the classic articles by
Lance Davis (1965) and Richard Sylla (1969) on the integration and
efficiency of postbellum US capital markets. In them we learn that
it took quite a while for interest rates to converge and that the
National Bank Acts may have introduced some monopolistic elements
into banking. If capital market weren't always efficient after the
Civil War, it is tempting to believe that they must have been even
worse during antebellum times. Howard Bodenhorn attempts to erase
such beliefs with _A History of Banking in Antebellum America_. I
think he is successful, for the most part.

Bodenhorn focuses on how effective the antebellum banking system was
at creating credit, linking borrowers and lenders, and moving
capital to its most valuable use. He also attempts to address the
issue of how critical banks were to economic growth. He finds that
banks provided credit to a broad range of businesses, not just to
the wealthy. Banks also encouraged capital formation (and saving),
capital market deepening and integration, and regional interest rate
convergence. He does not try to analyze money creation, the
effectiveness of the antebellum system of private banknotes, or the
stability of the free-banking system. These issues have been
analyzed by Hugh Rockoff (1975) and later by Arthur Rolnick and
Warren Weber (1983). They find that things worked pretty well.

In Chapter 2, Bodenhorn provides a survey of regional banking
structure, showing, for example, how New England banking differed
from banking in the South, where branching was common. Next, he
examines the links between economic growth and financial
development. Several tables calculate money or credit per capita and
provide correlations between these monetary variables and per capita
income growth, suggesting that the correlation is not strong.
However, regression analysis of the determinants of growth (in the
spirit of Robert Barro) shows that the initial level of financial
depth was positively related to subsequent economic growth.

The third chapter examines who was supplied with credit by
antebellum banks. With an admittedly small sample (n = 4) of banks
from New York, Tennessee, Virginia, and South Carolina, Bodenhorn
suggests that antebellum banks were willing to lend to small
borrowers as well as large ones and that they were motivated to a
great extent by the search for profit. They didn't just lend to
their friends.

The next chapter builds on Bodenhorn's earlier research dealing with
the integration of short-term capital markets and the convergence of
regional interest rates. The main conclusion is that even if there
were regional differences, interest rates moved in close enough
harmony to suggest that capital markets had been integrated for much
of the antebellum period.

Chapter 5 is useful for the questions it raises in addition to the
conclusions it presents. This chapter analyzes how banks developed
correspondent relationships to move capital across a large but
developing nation. It then presents a brief outline of how legal
developments proceeded to make the bill of exchange a more liquid
and widely accepted financial instrument. Perhaps the most
interesting item in this chapter is Bodenhorn's discussion of how,
after the demise of the Second Bank of the United States in 1836,
state banks, private banks, and exchange brokers stepped in to keep
the markets for bills of exchange and interbank payments
functioning. I got the impression that its demise really did not
affect markets much and that the private sector responded quite
effectively. This is an issue that could be examined in more detail,
as it raises the question of just how important a central bank is.

The Epilogue returns to the role of banks in the growth of the
antebellum American economy. The type of evidence presented by
Bodenhorn doesn't really allow for much more than the suggestive
answer that banks certainly helped things along, and it also points
out that Americans were resourceful in creating a banking system.
The discussion prompted me to wonder how large were the social
savings from having banks -- were they "indispensable?" Were
substitutes for banks conceivable or possible, given the legal
frameworks in the various states? In other words, would moneylenders
that were not banks have appeared? The postbellum South as described
in the Epilogue shows what happened when a banking system was
decimated, but it also reveals that new institutions -- efficient or
not -- would spring up to take the place of banks. _A History of
Banking in Antebellum America_ is an important work and sets the
stage for more research on antebellum capital markets.

References

Lance Davis, "The Investment Market, 1870-1914: The Evolution of a
National Market," _Journal of Economic History_, Vol. 25, no. 3
(September 1965), pp. 355-99.

Hugh Rockoff, _The Free Banking Era: A Re-Examination_. New York:
Arno Press, 1975.

Arthur Rolnick and Warren Weber, "New Evidence on the Free Banking
Era,"  _American Economic Review_, Vol. 73, no. 5 (December 1983),
pp. 1080-91.

Richard Sylla, "Federal Policy, Banking Market Structure, and
Capital Mobilization in the United States, 1863-1913," _Journal of
Economic History_, Vol. 39, no. 4 (Dec. 1969), pp. 657-86.

      Copyright (c) 2000 by EH.NET. All rights reserved. This work
      may be copied for non-profit educational uses if proper credit
      is given to the author and the list. For other permission,
      please contact the EH.NET Administrator (administrator@...;
      Telephone: 513-529-2850; Fax: 513-529-3308).

--============_-1248713469==_ma============--

fyi...aj wright

-----Original Message-----
From: Kathleen C. Hilton [mailto:KCH@...]
Sent: Friday, July 14, 2000 8:46 AM
To: H-SAWH@...
Subject: REV: Foote on Atkins et.al., _A Belle of the Fifties_


Date: Fri, 14 JUL 2000 06:31:09 -0500
Subject: Foote on Atkins et.al., _A Belle of the Fifties_

H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by H-SAWH@... (July, 2000)

Leah Rawls Atkins, Joseph H. Harrison, Jr., and Sara A. Hudson,
eds. _A Belle of the Fifties: Memoirs of Mrs. Clay of Alabama_.
By Virginia Clay-Clopton.  Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama
Press, 1999.  xxviii + 462 pp.  Photographs, annotations, index,
and index to annotations. $49.95 (cloth), ISBN 0-8173-1020-7;
$24.95 (paper), ISBN 0-8173-0986-1.

Reviewed for H-SAWH by Lorien Foote, lfoote@..., Department
of History, University of Central Arkansas.

The annotated reissue of Virginia Clay-Clopton's Civil War-era
memoirs should be a more useful edition than it is.
Clay-Clopton's reminiscences were originally published in 1905 by Ada
Sterling, who served as both writer and editor.  The aim of the
current edition is to correct errors in Sterling's version and
to provide more complete annotations.  The editors' inconsistent
annotations, however, fail to enhance the reader's understanding
of the work.  Despite these editorial lapses, Clay-Clopton's
memoirs are an important contribution to the body of literature
on women during the Civil War that should appeal to scholars and
general readers.  Portions of the memoirs provide compelling
reading, and the work is essential for those studying the
attitudes and lifestyle of the slaveholding upper-class.

Born into an elite southern family and married to influential Alabama
senator C.C. Clay, Jr., Virginia Clay inhabited the highest
political and social echelons of 1850's Washington.  She
describes the almost bacchanalian festivities in the capital during
this decade; readers looking for light on the tumultuous events
leading to secession will find little here.  Clay focuses on the
belles, the fashions, the parties, and the elite individuals
with whom she associated.  Southerners dominate her Washington,
and she scorns the social upstarts of the Republican party.

After secession, C.C. Clay joined the Confederate
government as a senator, and he later served as an agent in Canada.
Virginia Clay soon became part of the social scene in the
Confederate capital of Richmond.  This section of the memoirs contains an
interesting account of the gradual chaos that descended on the southern
homefront during the war.  Clay vividly depicts the daily troubles in
women's lives at this time -- shortages, constant moves as Union
and Confederate forces exchanged territory, and separations from
family.  Her troubles led Clay to idealize her past life.  In
one chapter, she upholds the ideal of the plantation world
crushed by the war; this entire chapter is a classic formulation
that perfectly captures the development of southern myths about
antebellum life.

The most interesting sections of the book are the final
chapters, where Clay recounts her attempts to claim justice for
her husband, who was held without counsel or trial on false
charges of conspiracy in President Abraham Lincoln's
assassination.  She describes the imprisonment of her husband and
former Confederate president Jefferson Davis in Fortress Monroe
and provides an account of the political maneuvering of President Andrew
Johnson, Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, and other leading figures
associated with her husband's case.

The 1999 edition includes a useful introduction outlining the publication
history of the memoirs and giving basic information
about Clay-Clopton and Ada Sterling.  The editors fail, however,
to annotate adequately or provide a context that might render
the chronicle more accessible and compelling.  They do not alert
the reader to annotated items.  This leaves the
reader with the frustrating task of having to guess which
persons or events in the text have an annotation.  The reader soon
discovers that identification of persons and events in the text
is inconsistent.  On a few occasions obscure individuals,
especially military officers, are unidentified.

The editors are most remiss, however, in failing to annotate events
mentioned in the text.  For example, on page 59, Clay
refers to President Franklin Pierce's "message of
55" and proceeds to praise his brave stand.  There is no
annotation for this item -- the reader is not given any
information about the content or context of the message.  Nor do
the editors contextualize the dramatic events of Mr. Clay's
arrest.  There is no full explanation of this key event in the
introduction, and the first time Mrs. Clay refers to a
presidential proclamation against her husband, there is no note
identifying the proclamation.  Ultimately, inadequate
annotations create confusion for all readers and provide little
context for those who are not Civil War scholars.

      Copyright (c) 2000 by H-Net, all rights reserved.  This work
      may be copied for non-profit educational use if proper credit
      is given to the author and the list.  For other permission,
      please contact H-Net@....

Would you PLEASE delete my name from your mail list. I never read this site
and its a thorn in my side.  I like Alabama, born there and I am a Bama fan,
however, I don't care for any more mail.  thank you, very much!!!
----- Original Message -----
From: "A.J. Wright" <a.j.wright@...>
To: <alabamahistory@egroups.com>
Sent: Friday, July 14, 2000 3:59 PM
Subject: [alabamahistory] FW: Foote on Atkins et.al., _A Belle of the
Fifties_


> fyi...aj wright
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Kathleen C. Hilton [mailto:KCH@...]
> Sent: Friday, July 14, 2000 8:46 AM
> To: H-SAWH@...
> Subject: REV: Foote on Atkins et.al., _A Belle of the Fifties_
>
>
> Date: Fri, 14 JUL 2000 06:31:09 -0500
> Subject: Foote on Atkins et.al., _A Belle of the Fifties_
>
> H-NET BOOK REVIEW
> Published by H-SAWH@... (July, 2000)
>
> Leah Rawls Atkins, Joseph H. Harrison, Jr., and Sara A. Hudson,
> eds. _A Belle of the Fifties: Memoirs of Mrs. Clay of Alabama_.
> By Virginia Clay-Clopton.  Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama
> Press, 1999.  xxviii + 462 pp.  Photographs, annotations, index,
> and index to annotations. $49.95 (cloth), ISBN 0-8173-1020-7;
> $24.95 (paper), ISBN 0-8173-0986-1.
>
> Reviewed for H-SAWH by Lorien Foote, lfoote@..., Department
> of History, University of Central Arkansas.
>
> The annotated reissue of Virginia Clay-Clopton's Civil War-era
> memoirs should be a more useful edition than it is.
> Clay-Clopton's reminiscences were originally published in 1905 by Ada
> Sterling, who served as both writer and editor.  The aim of the
> current edition is to correct errors in Sterling's version and
> to provide more complete annotations.  The editors' inconsistent
> annotations, however, fail to enhance the reader's understanding
> of the work.  Despite these editorial lapses, Clay-Clopton's
> memoirs are an important contribution to the body of literature
> on women during the Civil War that should appeal to scholars and
> general readers.  Portions of the memoirs provide compelling
> reading, and the work is essential for those studying the
> attitudes and lifestyle of the slaveholding upper-class.
>
> Born into an elite southern family and married to influential Alabama
> senator C.C. Clay, Jr., Virginia Clay inhabited the highest
> political and social echelons of 1850's Washington.  She
> describes the almost bacchanalian festivities in the capital during
> this decade; readers looking for light on the tumultuous events
> leading to secession will find little here.  Clay focuses on the
> belles, the fashions, the parties, and the elite individuals
> with whom she associated.  Southerners dominate her Washington,
> and she scorns the social upstarts of the Republican party.
>
> After secession, C.C. Clay joined the Confederate
> government as a senator, and he later served as an agent in Canada.
> Virginia Clay soon became part of the social scene in the
> Confederate capital of Richmond.  This section of the memoirs contains an
> interesting account of the gradual chaos that descended on the southern
> homefront during the war.  Clay vividly depicts the daily troubles in
> women's lives at this time -- shortages, constant moves as Union
> and Confederate forces exchanged territory, and separations from
> family.  Her troubles led Clay to idealize her past life.  In
> one chapter, she upholds the ideal of the plantation world
> crushed by the war; this entire chapter is a classic formulation
> that perfectly captures the development of southern myths about
> antebellum life.
>
> The most interesting sections of the book are the final
> chapters, where Clay recounts her attempts to claim justice for
> her husband, who was held without counsel or trial on false
> charges of conspiracy in President Abraham Lincoln's
> assassination.  She describes the imprisonment of her husband and
> former Confederate president Jefferson Davis in Fortress Monroe
> and provides an account of the political maneuvering of President Andrew
> Johnson, Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, and other leading figures
> associated with her husband's case.
>
> The 1999 edition includes a useful introduction outlining the publication
> history of the memoirs and giving basic information
> about Clay-Clopton and Ada Sterling.  The editors fail, however,
> to annotate adequately or provide a context that might render
> the chronicle more accessible and compelling.  They do not alert
> the reader to annotated items.  This leaves the
> reader with the frustrating task of having to guess which
> persons or events in the text have an annotation.  The reader soon
> discovers that identification of persons and events in the text
> is inconsistent.  On a few occasions obscure individuals,
> especially military officers, are unidentified.
>
> The editors are most remiss, however, in failing to annotate events
> mentioned in the text.  For example, on page 59, Clay
> refers to President Franklin Pierce's "message of
> 55" and proceeds to praise his brave stand.  There is no
> annotation for this item -- the reader is not given any
> information about the content or context of the message.  Nor do
> the editors contextualize the dramatic events of Mr. Clay's
> arrest.  There is no full explanation of this key event in the
> introduction, and the first time Mrs. Clay refers to a
> presidential proclamation against her husband, there is no note
> identifying the proclamation.  Ultimately, inadequate
> annotations create confusion for all readers and provide little
> context for those who are not Civil War scholars.
>
>      Copyright (c) 2000 by H-Net, all rights reserved.  This work
>      may be copied for non-profit educational use if proper credit
>      is given to the author and the list.  For other permission,
>      please contact H-Net@....
>
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