Note: It appears that our site will continue to have intermittent technical problems such as no access and no updates.
Please do not hesitate to contact us directly for any public documents: minorities.fcnm@... or if you would like
to receive the Word version of any of our documents.
Nicola Markes-Goerlach Council of Europe Directorate General of Human Rights Secretariat of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities F-67075 Strasbourg-Cedex nicola.markes-goerlach@... http://www.coe.int/minorities
Minority Rights Group International (MRG) would like to announce an extension to
the deadline for applications for our Framework Convention on National Minorities
(FCNM) Training which will take place in Strasbourg, France from 23-28 February 2005.
Due to the short deadline and Christmas/New Year breaks we have so far received fewer
applications than normal for this training and have extended the deadline to Wednesday
13th of January.
Please see below our original letter and attached the application form.
Kind regards
Neil Clarke Programme Assistant Minority Rights Group International 54 Commercial Street London E1 6LT Tel: + 44 020 7422 4211 Fax: + 44 020 7422 4219 Email: neil.clarke@... www.minorityrights.org
MINORITY RIGHTS GROUP INTERNATIONAL
NGO Training on the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
Strasbourg, France, 23-30 February 2005
Programme Description
As part of ongoing work on the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities,
Minority Rights Group International is organising a Training on the Framework Convention for
the Protection of National Minorities. The training is organised in cooperation with the FCNM
Secretariat of the Directorate General of Human Rights of the Council of Europe, and will be held
in Strasbourg from 23rd to 30th February 2005.
The training is for minority based and interethnic human rights NGOs from countries whose state
reports are due in 2005 only. The training is open to NGOs from Albania, Armenia, Austria, Cyprus, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Malta, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia and
Montenegro, Slovak Republic, Sweden Switzerland, Ukraine and United Kingdom. The training
is also open to NGOs from Kosovo.
The deadline for applications is Wednesday, 5th January 2005. An application form is attached.
Costs of travel, accommodation, and subsistence will be covered by MRG for all selected applicants.
The objectives of the training will be to:
- provide information on the content of the Framework Convention and its monitoring mechanism;
- identify ways in which NGOs can best contribute to the monitoring of the implementation of the
Convention, both at the domestic level and at the level of the Council of Europe;
- provide opportunities for participating NGOs to make contact with other NGOs working on minority
protection, Council of Europe staff, members of the treaty monitoring body, and their government representatives to the Council of Europe; and
- develop follow-up activities, focusing on involvement in state reporting process, producing shadow
reports, and related advocacy.
The programme will include presentations, case studies, discussions, small group and individual work.
It will include an overview of international instruments and mechanisms for minority protection, including in-depth consideration of the Framework Convention, its monitoring mechanism and
opportunities for civil society to contribute. Methodologies will be participatory and the focus will
be on practice. There will be task groups on the development of NGO advocacy strategies to contribute
to effective monitoring of State compliance and drafting additional information/shadow reports.
MRG will invite representatives of 25 NGOs from the target countries listed above.
Participants will be selected on the basis of their organisations' institutional capacity and commitment
to raise awareness of minority rights and monitor implementation of international instruments, specifically the Framework Convention, and their own professional experience.
Priority will be given to NGOs who:
- prioritise advocacy for protection of minority rights (international experience is not needed, but experience
and organisational commitment to working on minority protection at the domestic level is key)
- are interested in producing shadow reports on the Framework Convention and being involved in
the state reporting process.
NGO representatives applying to the training have to be staff members of their organisations, and should have:
- experience in advocacy work; - commitment to human and minority rights; - in-principle support from the management of their organisation to take forward work on monitoring
the Framework Convention; - very good English language skills. Unfortunately, the budget does not allow for interpretation costs and therefore
participants should have very good English language skills to be able to participate actively in discussions.
MRG will aim for a mixture of people from different countries, at least 70% of whom will be from minority
communities, and a gender balance. MRG will select participants on the basis of their application and the
above organisational and professional selection criteria.
MRG will not select more than one participant from any one organisation. The training is not open to
organisations from which 2 or more persons have participated in MRG's Strasbourg FCNM training
since 2000. Anyone not sure how many persons from their organisation have participated in MRG's
previous FCNM trainings can contact MRG to double check.
For more information, please contact Neil Clarke on
The Erasmus Mundus programme is a co-operation and mobility programme in the field of higher education
which promotes the European Union as a centre of excellence in learning around the world. It supports
European top-quality Masters Courses and enhances the visibility and attractiveness of European higher
education in third countries. It also provides EU-funded scholarships for third country nationals participating
in these Masters Courses, as well as scholarships for EU-nationals studying in third countries.
Background What is Erasmus Mundus? Who can participate? How is Erasmus Mundus implemented? How can I apply? Selected projects Frequently asked questions
Contact us : You are strongly advised to read the comprehensive list of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
available on this site before contacting us. It is very likely that you will find the answer to your question there.
The Commission reserves the right to refer you back to the information contained on this website, if the answer
to your question can be found there. Contact us at
Legal text of the adopted programme Decision Call for Proposals relating to the academic year 2005/2006 Model contracts and financial handbooks
Background
In July 2001, the European Parliament and Council received a Communication by the Commission on strengthening
EU-third country co-operation in higher education. Following the positive reception of the Communication, the
Commission adopted a programme proposal (pdf format), Erasmus World, in July 2002. The programme was then
renamed Erasmus Mundus.
On 5 December 2003, the legislative process involving the European Parliament and Council ended and the Erasmus
Mundus programme Decision was adopted. It was published in the Official Journal on 31 December 2003 and entered
into force on 20 January 2004. The chronology of the different stages of adopting the programme Decision, as well as
a summary of the different conclusions reached at each stage of the procedure can be found at the Legislative
Observatory of the European Parliament.
The Erasmus Mundus pogramme has been very well received by the European higher education community. They see
the programme as a useful means to respond to the challenges European higher education faces today, in particular the
need to stimulate the process of convergence of degree structures and to enhance the attractiveness of European higher
education world-wide. These are themes central to the Bologna process and to national reform in higher education in
Member States.
The programme confirms the Commission's desire to encourage the opening up of European higher education to the rest
of the world. It complements the European Union's existing regional programmes in higher education with third countries.
Regional programmes, such as Tempus (see also Council's Decision to extend the Tempus programme to the Meda countries),
ALFA and Asia-Link, will continue to foster international co-operation in higher education between the European Union and
its partners.
Erasmus Mundus, however, is a new global scheme, providing a distinctly «European» offer in higher education. It seeks,
primarily, to enhance the quality and attractiveness of European higher education world-wide. Secondly, Erasmus Mundus
Masters Courses and scholarships will provide a framework to promote valuable exchange and dialogue between cultures.
By supporting the international mobility of scholars and students, Erasmus Mundus intends to prepare its European and
non-European participants for life in a global, knowledge-based society.
What is Erasmus Mundus?
The Erasmus Mundus programme is a co-operation and mobility programme in the field of higher education.
It aims to enhance quality in European higher education and to promote intercultural understanding through
co-operation with third countries.
The programme is intended to strengthen European co-operation and international links in higher education
by supporting high-quality European Masters Courses, by enabling students and visiting scholars from around
the world to engage in postgraduate study at European universities, as well as by encouraging the outgoing
mobility of European students and scholars towards third countries.
The Erasmus Mundus programme comprises four concrete actions:
ACTION 1 - Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses: they constitute the central component around which Erasmus
Mundus is built. They are high-quality integrated courses at masters level offered by a consortium of at least three
universities in at least three different European countries. The courses must be "integrated" to be selected under
Erasmus Mundus, which means that they must foresee a study period in at least two of the three universities and
that it must lead to the award of a recognised double, multiple or joint diploma.
ACTION 2 - Erasmus Mundus scholarships: in order to give the Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses selected under
Action 1 a strong external projection, a scholarship scheme for third-country graduate students and scholars from
the whole world is linked to them. This scholarship scheme addresses highly qualified individuals who come to Europe
to follow the Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses or to work for them.
ACTION 3 - Partnerships: in order to encourage European universities to open themselves up to the world and to
reinforce their world-wide presence, Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses selected under Action 1 also have the
possibility of establishing partnerships with third-country higher education institutions. These partnerships allow
for outgoing mobility of graduate EU students and scholars involved in the Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses.
ACTION 4 - Enhancing attractiveness: Erasmus Mundus also supports projects aimed at enhancing the attractiveness
of and the interest in European higher education. It supports activities that improve the profile, the visibility and the
accessibility of European higher education as well as issues crucial to the internationalisation of higher education, such
as the mutual recognition of qualifications with third countries.
In concrete terms, Erasmus Mundus will support about 100 Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses of outstanding academic
quality. It will provide grants for some 5,000 graduate students from third countries to follow these Masters Courses,
and for more than 4,000 EU graduate students involved in these courses to study in third countries. The programme
will also offer teaching or research scholarships in Europe for over 1,000 incoming third-country academics and for
a similar number of outgoing EU scholars. Last but not least, Erasmus Mundus will support about 100 partnerships
between Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses and higher education institutions in third countries.
Higher education institutions coming from the 25 European Union Member States and the EEA/EFTA countries
(European Economic Area / European Free Trade Association) are eligible for offering Erasmus Mundus Masters
Courses jointly, under Action 1. Action 1 is also open to current European Union candidate countries, but official
participation of these countries in the programme has not yet been formalised.
The duration of the programme is five years (2004-2008) with a planned financial envelope of 230 million Euro
for the whole period.
Who can participate?
The programme is open to:
the 25 EU Member States the candidate countries for accession to the EU (Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey) the countries of the European Economic Area / European Free Trade Association (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway) all the other countries of the world ("third countries")
Action 1 (see description above) is reserved to the first three categories of countries, while the beneficiaries of Action 2
(see description above) will be students and scholars coming from third countries.
Action 3 partnerships can be established between Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses selected under Action 1 and
third-country higher education institutions. Action 3 scholarships for the outgoing mobility to third countries are
destined to EU and EEA/EFTA graduate students and scholars participating in Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses.
Action 4 activities are open to higher education institutions and other bodies involved in higher education anywhere
in the world, regardless of their participation in other Actions of the programme.
As long as the official participation of the candidate countries (Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey) in the programme is not
formalised, they will be considered third countries (this applies to Actions 1, 3 and 4). The official participation of
EEA/EFTA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway) has already been formalised and they participate in
the programme on the same conditions as the EU Member States.
The programme is addressed to:
Higher education institutions Students having obtained a first degree awarded by a higher education institution Scholars and professionals who lecture or conduce research Staff directly involved in higher education Other public or private bodies active in the field of higher education (only for Action 4, see description above)
How is Erasmus Mundus implemented?
The programme is implemented by the European Commission via annual calls for proposals that are published on this
website. Applications for all Actions are to be addressed to the Commission. Students and scholars, however, that wish
to submit their applications to participate in an Erasmus Mundus Masters Course (with or without a scholarship) must
apply directly to the selected Erasmus Mundus Masters Consortium offering the Course in question.
The Erasmus Mundus programme is being implemented as of the academic year 2004/2005.
Erasmus Mundus national structures, which are national contact and information points, exist in each participating
European country.
How can I apply?
The Erasmus Mundus programme is implemented as of the academic year 2004/2005. The European Commission published
a first call for proposals relating to the academic year 2004/2005 in April 2004 which covered Action 1 (Erasmus Mundus
Masters Courses), Action 2 (scholarships) and Action 4 (enhancing attractiveness). This call is closed now. The results of this
first call can be found under selected projects.
A second call for proposals relating to the academic year 2005/2006 and covering Action 1 (Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses),
Action 2 (scholarships) and Action 3 (partnerships) was also published in April 2004. The deadlines under the current call for
proposals are 31 October 2004 (Action 1 - Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses) and 31 March 2005 (Action 2 - scholarships,
Action 3 - partnerships).
Further calls for proposals covering the following academic years will be published annually starting in March 2005.
European higher education institutions (for Actions 1 and 2) are invited to read the calls for proposals relating to the relevant
academic years carefully. The one relating to the academic year 2005/2006 is presently available on this website. Future calls
will also be published on this website in March every year. The calls give guidance to applicants and include the application forms.
The deadlines for the submission of applications under the call relating to 2005/2006 are 31 October 2004 for Action 1 and
31 March 2005 for Action 2.
Students and scholars (for Action 2): the list of selected Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses for which scholarships can be
requested is available on this website (as from September 2004). Students and scholars are invited to apply directly to
the offering consortia according to their instructions. Application deadlines vary from Course to Course.
European and third-country higher education institutions (for Action 3): partnerships under Action 3 can only be established
by Erasmus Mundus Masters Consortia offering Erasmus Mundus Masters Courses selected under Action 1. The first partnerships
will start in the academic year 2005/2006 and are therefore included in the call for proposals relating to that year. It is available
on this website and contains all information needed to apply. The deadline for the submission of proposals is 31 March 2005.
World-wide higher education institutions and other bodies active in the field of higher education (for Action 4): the next call
for proposals including Action 4 will be published on this website in March 2005 and will contain all information needed to apply.
The deadline for the submission of proposals will be 31 May 2005.
Serbiska myndigheter räknar med att det finns omkring 100 000 människor i landet som lever i total misär. Sannolikt är det mĺnga fler. Tiotusentals av dem kommer frĺn Kosovo och är internflyktingar, alltsĺ flyktingar i sitt eget land. Sedan de fördrevs frĺn sina hem lever de i skjul byggda av papp, plast, kvistar, brädstumpar och annat som gĺtt att hitta. Pĺ dessa bosättningar saknas det sanitet, rinnande vatten, laglig el och ofta saknas det värme. Spridningen av olika smittsjukdomar är stor pĺ bosättningarna dĺ löss och skabb mer hör till en regel än ett undantag. Trĺngboddheten är en annan faktor som ökar smittrisken. Stora delar av människorna pĺ bosättningarna lider av typiska fattigsjukdomar som undernäring och olika tarm -och skelettsjukdomar. Dessutom är alkoholism ett utbrett problem. Liksom TBC.
Sverige och andra EU-länder anser att romer frĺn Kosovo har skyddsbehov. Därför fĺr de som har kommit hit direkt frĺn Kosovo - och kan bevisa det - asyl. Men svenska myndigheter prövar i varje enskilt ärende om det finns ett s.k. internt flyktalternativ i de fall där det finns ett skyddsbehov mot Kosovo. En sĺdan prövning är internationellt erkänd.
FN har sammanställt ett dokument - the United Nations Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement (UNGP) - som vägledning vid prövningen av om det finns ett internt flyktalternativ i hemlandet för den som är skyddsbehövande. Dokumentet är inte juridiskt bindande men det anger, bland mycket annat, att alla internflyktingar har rätt till en adekvat levnadsstandard. I det minsta, oavsett omständigheter, och utan diskriminering ska ansvariga myndigheter tillse att internflyktingar har en säkrad tillgĺng till nödvändig mat och dricksvatten, grundläggande boende lämpliga kläder, nödvändig sjukvĺrd och sanitet.
Migrationsminister Barbro Holmberg och Utlänningsnämndens generaldirektör Hĺkan Sandesjö har tagit fasta pĺ FN:s riktlinjer. De har bĺda förklarat att en prövning av om det finns ett internt flyktalternativ gĺr ut pĺ att pröva om det finns förutsättningar för den skyddsbehövande att fĺ skydd i andra delar av hemlandet och där leva under drägliga förhĺllanden.
Men i verkligheten prövar inte migrationsmyndigheterna om människor som avvisas till internflykt i Serbien och Montenegro kommer att kunna leva under drägliga förhĺllanden i hemlandet eller ej. Det är fullt tillräckligt om en person har vistats i övriga Serbien och Montenegro tidigare för att svenska myndigheter ska bedöma att det finns ett internt flyktalternativ. Hur den vistelsen har sett ut är fullständigt irrelevant för beslutet. Inte ens för Hĺkan Sandesjös egen myndighet, Utlänningsnämnden, är det en relevant frĺgeställning vid beslutsfattandet. Detta trots generaldirektörens eget uttalande i frĺgan.
UNHCR - FN:s flyktingkommissariat - avrĺder mycket bestämt frĺn att avvisa människor till internflykt i Serbien och Montenegro. Men UNHCR kan inte förbjuda länder att avvisa människor till internflykt. Det har UNHCR inte mandat till. Det enda som UNHCR kan göra är att redogöra för situationen för internflyktingar i landet. Det har man gjort. I augusti kom det flera rapporter som mycket tydligt redogjorde för den svĺra humanitära situationen för internflyktingarna i landet. UNHCR varnade ocksĺ för att människor som avvisas till internflykt i Serbien och Montenegro inte kommer att kunna registrera sig som internflyktingar. Det innebär att de efter avvisningen stĺr helt utan nĺgon form av humanitärt bistĺnd. Detta dĺ socialförsäkringssystemet fungerar ungefär som i Sverige, vilket innebär att socialbidrag endast kan beviljas i den kommun där man är folkbokförd. De flesta är folkbokförda i Kosovo dit de inte kan ĺtervända.
Men trots de utförliga och väldokumenterade rapporterna frĺn den organisation i världen som vet mest om situationen för internflyktingar och flyktingar i Serbien och Montenegro skickade Sverige en egen delegation för att utreda om det gĺr att avvisa människor till internflykt eller ej. Utan att ha besökt en enda illegal rombosättning - där majoriteten av internflyktingarna trots allt lever - kom delegationen fram till att det finns ett internt flyktalternativ. Förmodligen efter devisen som man frĺgar fĺr man svar.
Det innebär att flertalet av de kosovoromer som sökt asyl i Sverige kommer att avvisas. De flesta av dem har genomlevt en väpnad etnisk konflikt, NATO:s bombningar och etnisk rensning. Stort sett alla bär med sig trauman frĺn tiden före, under och efter NATO:s bombningar. De flesta av dem är av naturliga orsaker psykiskt sjuka. Det gäller bĺde barn och vuxna. Alla har skyddsbehov mot Kosovo, vilket ocksĺ svenska myndigheter i beslut efter beslut konstaterar. Men i de allra flesta beslut anses det att dessa hĺrt prövade, psykiskt sjuka människor ska kunna fĺ sitt skyddsbehov tillgodosett i övriga Serbien och Montenegro. Detta trots att svenska myndigheter är medvetna om att merparten av dem som avvisas kommer att hamna i ren misär utan bistĺnd frĺn nĺgon.
Mĺnga som har fĺtt negativa beslut har redan gĺtt under jord och det lär bli fler. Mĺnga asylsökande kosovoromer och andra etniska minoriteter frĺn Kosovo anser att det är bättre att leva gömda här än att ĺtervända till misär i Serbien och Montenegro. Och för en gĺngs skull kan jag förstĺ resonemanget. Jag har träffat barn som inte har gĺtt i skola sedan 1999 och smĺ barn med svĺr hosta och infekterade bett. Rĺttor, ormar, spindlar och all sköns insekter lever i högsta välmĺga pĺ bosättningarna. Nästan alla barn är snoriga oavsett ĺrstid och mĺnga barfota barn har djupa infekterade skärsĺr i fötterna. Sĺr som inte kommer att läka utan läkarvĺrd, men de är inte registrerade sĺ de har inte nĺgon rätt till sjukvĺrd och deras föräldrar har inga pengar till privatvĺrd. Vĺrden kunde lika gärna finnas pĺ mĺnen. Löss, loppor, smuts och stank hör till vardagen. Toaletten är ett djupt hĺl i marken bakom nĺgra upphängda filtar. Jag har varit inne i pappkartonger där väggarna verkar levande pĺ sommaren pĺ grund av de svarta svärmarna av flugor. Och där golvet är en gyttjig sörja av isvatten pĺ vintern dĺ smältvatten rinner in i dem. Allt mĺste vara bättre än detta.
Hur nĺgon vid sina sinnens fulla bruk kan anse att det finns ett internt flyktalternativ i ett land där minst 100 000 människor lever under sĺdana förhĺllanden är för mig en gĺta. Man fĺr vara överdrivet optimistisk eller mycket ignorant för att kunna komma fram till en sĺdan bedömning.
Otaliga namnkunniga organisationer och utländska regeringar har under ĺrens lopp konstaterat att romer - bĺde s.k lokala romer och internflyktiga romer - i Serbien och Montenegro blir diskriminerade pĺ alla plan i samhället. Det har utarbetats handlingsplaner och olika program för att göra nĺgonting ĺt situationen men de har inte implementerats.
Vid ett möte i somras pĺ Ministry of Human and Minority Rights i Belgrad fick vi ett mycket enkelt och rakt svar pĺ frĺgan om varför dessa handlingsplaner inte har implementerats. Pengar. Det saknas pengar. Och det mĺste onekligen vara svĺrt att finna ett politiskt handlingsutrymme för att hjälpa landets romer upp ur fattigdom samtidigt som det finns mer än 100 000 pensionärer och mĺnga barn - 60% säger vissa men det är inte bekräftat - i Serbien och Montenegro som lever under den absoluta gränsen för existensminimum. Dessutom finns det minst 350 000 flyktingar och internflyktingar med serbisk etnicitet som ocksĺ är i stort behov av hjälp.
Serbien och Montenegro är inte ensamma om att ha en stor, fattig romsk befolkningsgrupp. I de flesta länder i öst -och centraleuropa finns det rombosättningar där människor lever i varierande grad av misär. Även i EU-länder - exempelvis Italien och Grekland - finns det rombosättningar som är sanitära olägenheter. Dĺ det gäller romer som lever i nĺgon form av misär i Europa har siffran fyra miljoner nämnts. Det är ofantligt mĺnga människor, men trots deras humanitärt svĺra livssituation saknar merparten av dem skyddsbehov. Det gör inte romerna frĺn Kosovo.
Även om mĺnga av oss kanske inte inser det sĺ är det en stor skandal att Sverige medvetet avvisar människor som har ett bekräftat skyddsbehov - alltsĺ riktiga flyktingar - till ett land där de inte ens kan fĺ sitt mest basala
skyddsbehov tillgodosett. Svenska myndigheter kommer inte ens att kunna
skylla sitt agerande pĺ att de saknade information om den faktiska situationen
för internflyktingar i Serbien och Montenegro. För det är inte information som
Participants: Bulgaria, Germany, Poland, Romania, Sweden and Turkey
APPLICATION DEADLINE: 07.02.2005
Description/Aims:
Historically the demand for participation is justified on the basis of human rights, rights of self-determination
and human dignity. Hence, the concept pf participation seems to be defined. But what does participation
actually means today to us? What is participation and what isn't? Are there any requirements to participate?
Besides trying to find answers to these questions the project focuses on the problem how young people from
all over Europe can participate in political decisions in their local environment. In general the possibilities for
participation are wide spread, including membership in sports or cultural organisations, volunteer work for
aid agencies or being a member of a political party. Thus active political participation decreased a lot within
the last years. Young people are accused not to be interested in the political processes and decisions but only
to be interested in their own advantages and "fun". Therefore, the following main questions should be
discussed during the project:
- What is political participation and what are the advantages of it? - Which differences and similarities do exist between the European countries within structures of political participation?
Which role does history play according to this? - How can we regain youth's confidence in politics and politicians? - Do youth only participate if the "fun-factor" is very high and the "cost" are possibly low?
The answers to these and many other questions as well as discussions between young people with different
social, local and cultural background are going to look closely at the European culture with its diversities and
the way this culture participated in the forming of the European society nowadays.
The programme:
In general the project consists on two parts: a theoretical and a practical part, which are combined in
the different activities. Although, the focus will be a more practical one, in the beginning there will be
a more theoretical part where the use of presentations, interviews, portraits, role games, discussions
in small groups should sensitize the participates on the issues linked to our general topic.
After this Start-up Seminar the new knowlegde should be backed and enlarged through direct experience.
Working groups, workshops and meetings as well as discussions with representatives from different insititutions, organisations and initiatives in Berlin and Wroclaw should show the practical point of
participation and enable the participants to exchange their own point of views and experiences.
The programme consists on the following activities:
- Start-up-Seminar: presentations and working groups in Wandlitz (3 days) - Workshops, meetings, round-table discussions, working groups and culture in Berlin (4 days) - Workshops, meetings, excursion and working groups in Wroclaw (3 days) - presentation of the working groups, final discussion and evaluation in Berlin (2 days) - Cultural activities in Berlin and Wroclaw
Criteria for participation:
YOU are not older than 25 years
YOU are able to communicate in English
YOU are willing to:
- prepare and present a paper during the start-up seminar - actively participate in the project activities - prepare an experience letter at the end of the program
Participation fee:
The participation fee depends on your place of living.
Europas romaer Lćs om romafolkets oprindelse, deres ankomst og liv i Europa, samt om romaernes situation i dag.
Danmark og romaerne Lćs om romaers historie i Danmark og om de danske romaer i dag.
NYHEDER
2. december 2004. Ingen dispensationsmulighed for romaklasse Undervisningsminister Ulla Tćrnćs svarer Helsingřrs kommune ang. deres henvendelse om dispensation til den ulovlige romaklasse: ”Jeg mĺ gřre opmćrksom pĺ, at Statsamtet, Tilsynet, den 13. september 2004 har truffet afgřrelse i sagen vedrřrende de sćrlige klasser for romaelever, og jeg har ingen mulighed for at ćndre denne afgřrelse eller at give dispensation.” Omtalt 2. dec. i: Politiken, Berlingske, Kristligt Dagblad, Jyllandsposten, Urban og Křbenhavnsradio.
12. september 2004 Politiken, 1. sek. Romaer presser asylsystem "Romaer fra Kosova fĺr ret til at fřre sag i landsretten mod asylmyndighederne. Og den fřrste roma i lang tid har fĺet asyl - mange vil nu krćve deres sager genoptaget."
Lćs 2 nye artikler om romafolket pĺ romnet.dk:
Europas romaer
Lćs om romafolkets oprindelse, deres ankomst og liv i Europa, samt om romaernes situation i dag.
Danmark og romaerne
Lćs om romaers historie i Danmark og om de danske romaer i dag.
NYHEDER
2. december 2004.
Ingen dispensationsmulighed for romaklasse
Undervisningsminister Ulla Tćrnćs svarer Helsingřrs kommune ang. deres henvendelse om dispensation til den ulovlige romaklasse: ”Jeg mĺ gřre opmćrksom pĺ, at Statsamtet, Tilsynet, den 13. september 2004 har truffet afgřrelse i sagen vedrřrende de sćrlige klasser for romaelever, og jeg har ingen mulighed for at ćndre denne afgřrelse eller at give dispensation.”
12. september 2004 Politiken, 1. sek.
Romaer presser asylsystem
"Romaer fra Kosova fĺr ret til at fřre sag i landsretten mod asylmyndighederne. Og den fřrste roma i lang tid har fĺet asyl - mange vil nu krćve deres sager genoptaget."
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This is an article I wrote for the Swedish daily Göteborgs-Posten last Saturday:
TENS OF THOUSANDS OF KOSOVO ROMA IN REFUGEE CAMPS IN EU
The young girl,15 years old, was under treatment for depression in a psychiatric clinique for children.
At a moment when she was not under observation she grabbed a bottle with ignition fluid and put fire
to herself.
In spite of her mental condition she was sent back to her temporary home in Sundsvall, Sweden. When,
a few days ago, the girl and her family were informed that they were to be deported from Sweden, the
girl made a new attempt to set fire to herself. Their apartment caught fire, and the whole building had to be evacuated. The girl was taken into hospital and her mother, who was also deeply depressed, was
taken into police custody. There she too later made an attempt to put herself on fire.
The family consists of two parents and six children, four of them aged between 8 and 16 years, living with
their parents. They are Roma from Kosovo and have been refugees since 1992, first in Germany, from
where they were expelled after some years. They travelled to Sweden but were soon sent back to Germany,
the first country where they applied for asylum. Half a year ago, they returned to Sweden. Their story was
told last week in the regional newspaper, Sundsvalls Tidning.
Suddenly, last Monday night, completely unexpectedly to their friends and their lawyer, this unhappy family
with at least two physically and psychically very sick members, was put on a plane to Stuttgart in Germany.
They had been deported in great haste.
Probably there are many more brutal deportations of Kosovo Roma occurring in our country, at best if at all
reported in the local newspapers (in this particular case also in Aftonbladet, Scandinavia´s biggest paper).
Nobody really has a clear picture about the way Swedish authorites deal with applications for asylum from
Kosovo Roma. Also the media have forgotten the Roma. The tragic story from Sundsvall unfortunately is
by no means unique. Throughout the European Union, tens of thousands of Romani asylum seekers are
dwelling in refugee camps, some of them since 1992, when the first disturbances began in Kosovo. Nearly
all of them have had their applications rejected.
Since UNHCR and OSCE have warned against sending Roma back to Kosovo, where the situation is too
dangerous for them, many EU states, including Sweden, have attempted to send them to Serbia in order
to get rid of a problem these countries do not even try to solve in a humanitarian way. UNHCR has warned
against the Serbian solution. In Serbia refugees are not recognized as refugees and thus are forced to an
insecure existence in an environment hostile even to its "own" Roma.
Denmark is trying its own solution - which has been internationally criticised: the refugees receive a drastically reduced food supply - in order to make them realise that they´d better leave Denmark.
To be a Romani on escape from today´s Kosovo, where Albanians are carrying on ethnic cleansing, could be
compared with being a Jew - or for that matter a Rom - since nobody cared about the "Gypsies" either then
or now - trying to escape the Nazis in the 30´s and 40´s. Yet not one EU member state has taken an initiative
to try to solve the situation of the Roma from Kosovo.
Europe has long had an ambiguous relation with the Roma. It seems as if Europe still refuses to acknowledge
that it has a heavy burden of guilt towards this minority which has been persecuted for almost a thousand
years. This ambiguity has been very obvious in EU´s relations with its new member countries. During the
negotiations for membership EU made rather tough demands asking for respect for the human rights of the Roma. Several international organisations, among them OSCE, the Council of Europe and even the
Commission itself, have with great concern noted increasing discrimination and an increasing number
of racist assaults on Roma in East and Central Europe after the collapse of communism. But at the same
time, when the Roma have left their home countries and travelled to a EU country, their request for shelter
has been rejected. Contrary to communist times, when asylum seekers from the East were automatically
considered political refugees - even though their motives then probably were not always political - EU now
calls them "economic refugees" or "bogus asylum seekers" - and sends them back.
The most severe criticism against EU concerns the treatment of asylum seeking Roma from Kosovo.
As long as the war was going on, EU generously offered shelter to escaping Albanians. But when NATO´s
war against the Belgrade government ended in the summer of 1999, ethnic cleansing still continued in Kosovo; now against the minorities of the province, especially the Roma. Out of approximately 150 000
Roma - who had lived in Kosovo for centuries - more than 80 percent have left and asked for shelter,
most of them in neighbouring areas like Macedonia and Serbia, but several thousands went to EU countries.
There they were turned down flat. Fleeing Albanians had been welcomed. But now the war was over and
those who were no fleeing were not considered refugees by EU governments, even though NGO´s and
human rights organisations warned about ethnic cleansing and the threat of genocide.
Centuries of anti-gypsyism, discrimination and persecution against the Roma have never ceased in Europe,
neither in the East nor in the West, neither within the European Union nor outside it.
IRKA CEDERBERG (Translation of an article published in Göteborgs-Posten, 27 November, 2004)
ORIGINAL SENDER: Euro-Med Youth Platform Jeunesse <giovanni@...>
Dear Friends and colleagues,
The Euro-Mediterranean Youth Platform aims at creating a network of all those involved in the youth sector in Europe and the Mediterranean.
We provide various networking facilities such as assistance in finding partners, financing of international projects, a Magazine in three languages,
a FORUM for discussion, and profiles on the situation of young people in each country. You are welcome to visit our web-site .
You are also invited to join this growing family. This is the only way you can receive updates and invitations for
our activities. It also allows people to find you when they are looking for partners for their projects. Joining is quite
simple, takes less than a minute and there is no membership fee. It can be done directly from the 'Join' section of
the web site.
We would also like to invite you to apply for the Euro-Med Youth Platform 3rd Targeted Meeting.
The scope of Targeted Meetings is to bring together a group of countries facing a similar situation and try
to find common solutions. This one aims at bringing together young people from European countries least
represented in the Euro-Med Youth Programme with their Mediterranean counterparts in
an effort to increase their involvement and participation. It will also be a chance for youth leaders from
both sides to exchange information and reflect about the situation of young people in the respective countries.
The Meeting will take place in Tunisia between the 25th of February (arrival) and 1st of March (departure) 2005 and is open to young people from Algeria, Denmark,
Egypt, Ireland, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Morocco, Palestine, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. 2-3 participants from each country are expected.
Other such meetings with different groups of countries are being planned.
During the Meeting we shall be analysing the situation of young people and youth work in the different countries, learn about each
other and about relevant skills, and propose concrete steps forward. This implies considerable preparation from applicants.
The Platform will pay board, lodging, all expenses related to the programme and 80% of international travel.
You can find more information about it and application forms in our website. Deadline is the 3rd of January 2005.
Cultures in Dialogue are carried out on 3 independent schools in the Danish-German
border region on both sides of the border: At Hojskolen Ostersoen (a Danish Folk
High School), Jaruplund Hojskole (Folk High School of the Danish minority in Germany)
and Deutsche Nachschule Tingleff (free school of the German minority in Denmark).
Although the 180 participants work on 3 different schools throughout the 2 weeks, their work is closely co-ordinated with joint meetings, joint conference, joint
negotiations and social events.
Cultures in Dialogue is carried out by an association under the same name with the following member organisations, beside the 3 above mentioned schools: Sydslesvigsk Forening (association of the Danish minority in Germany, the region of South-Schleswig), Sydslesvigs danske Ungdomsforeninger (youth association of the Danish minority in South-Schleswig), Bund Deutscher Nordschleswiger (association of the German minority in Denmark, the region of South Denmark), Deutscher Jugendverband fur Nordshcleswig (youth association of the German minority in South Denmark), Gronseforeningen (Danish association supporting Danish culture and language in South-Schleswig), Friisk Foriining (association of the North-Frisian minority in South-Schleswig).
My working place Romany Education Unit on the Finnish National Board of Education had
a 10th anniversary party and seminar in Finland 12-13 November in Helsinki, Finland.
We had invited many people who has had some role during our Unit's exixtens. Most of our guests
were from Finland but we invited also our latest just finished EU-project (www.dromedu.org)
partners from 6 countries (Sweden, Denmark, Lithuania, Estonia, UK and France). Finland was
the Project Coordinator.
Our French partner, member of International Roma Women Network, Mrs Danielle Mercier
(Association: U.S.E.T.A) had a speach which can interest you and you might share some of
her views too.
Best regards,
Janette Grönfors,
International Roma Women Network (IRWN).
Mrs Mercier's speach:
Ladies and Gentleman, chers amis
Te aven saste Baxtale
I'm very pleased to be here with you today to celerate the 10th anniversary of Romany Education Unit. This instutional structure is unique in Europe. We also know that Finland has a very long positive experience, almost 50 years, working with Roma in the Advisory Board of Romany Affairs. I would like
that such a positive model of working could inspirate the other member states of the EU.
As a French partner of DROMEDU project I would like to share with you some of my ideas and feelings. You already know that 10 000 -12 000 Roma and Travellers live in the Gironde, France. Half of them
are young people under 20 years old. One of the outcome of this project is that the Roma Mediators network is now working on a regular basis with the Inspectorate of Education to address a very big challenge.
Here is the statical survey of the school year 2003/2004 for basic education of the Roma children
in our Department:
We have an estimation of 1300 - 1500 Roma pupils, registered in primary and secondary education:
- 130 in pre-school
- 860 in elementary schools
- 150 in secondary schools
- 148 in distance learning (children with ages from 6 to 16)
- 60 in vocational special education
We also have 400 children in two mobile schools who are studying part time in very precarious
conditions on the so called "illegal sites" around the Bourdeaux, France metropolis.
Paradoxically on "public official sites" most of the children from ages 13 to 16 are not registered
anywhere. That is very disturbing for us and we are going to look for solutions for them.
The census does not tell us what happens to the other young people under age 16 who are not
registered and have no access either to formal or informal education at all...
As for the equality of education, data are lacking. We only know that the dropping out of basic
education without any diploma is very important. We have no classes in the Romany language.
This census was only based on questionnaire send to schools and not to parents.
When our Roma/Travellers Mediators network discusses about this issues with the parents,
they both agree on the importance of school education as an indispensable part of their social
life. They attach great value on knowledge and education as traditional proverbs indicate:
"Ko na dzanel, merel bokhate" He who doesn't know, dies from hunger.
However the decaying socio-ecnomic conditions of living, the stress of violent evictions and
the rise of anti-romany feelings, the insecurity and the dependency trap are influencing very
badly a great number of families and their children's attendance and success at school.
We know that we don't have all the answers to eradicate all these evils rapidly. There is an urgent
need of transient and permanent sites, and of decent housing, but that is the role of state's policy.
What we have learned in this project is that our DROMEDU mediators network wants to bring
real changes in the educational situation.
Our future goals are:
- to increase the dialogue between Roma Travellers organisations and decision makers on the local
and regional levels in order to reduce the tensions and to monitor the implementation of the
European and national guid lines.
- to find an officil space for Roma voices to be heard. It will be the task of the European Roma and
Travellers Forum that we are going to promote.
- to use modern technologies of information to disseminate new teaching materials about Romany
culture, language, history in the general school curriculum.
I would like to conclude by stressing that today the Roma and Travellers are the most omportant
European cultural and national minority group in the European Union : 10 - 12 million!
Without correcting the injustices of the past the European Unit can not have a safe journey to the
future. Let us build together a common home with high values of human solidarity and brotherhood.
Dear friends.
I am joining this group and giving my information.
My name is Ashok. I live in India in the city Porbandar.
I welcome all my Roma friends if they will come to India.
I am willing to offer them my hospitablity.
Aabhar! - Thanks!
With regards,
Ashok.
A SURVEY ON THE STATUS OF ROMA CHILDREN’S BASIC EDUCATION
SCHOOL YEAR 2001-2002
In 2001-2002 the National Board of Education conducted a basic education project, geared towards improving the basic education of Roma children. The project started because of an underlying concern for the status of the Roma children’s basic education, and for the efficacy of the support, and to promote the Roma culture during comprehensive school education. During this project, a survey was conducted on the status the Roma children’s basic education during the school year 2001-2002.
Regional surveys on the Roma school attendance had been conducted in Finland in the 1980’s and 1990’s. This survey is the first nationwide survey on basic education. It will give us means to study the development of the basic education among the Roma in the past and to make comparisons in the future.
380 schools that had had Roma pupils in the school year 2000-2001 took part in the survey.
THE CORE RESULTS OF THE SURVEY
Of the 859 Roma pupils that were attending school in 2000-2001, a total of 166, or 19 percent had stayed back at some point of education. Most often they had taken the first or second grade twice.
Repetitive absenteeism had significantly affected the education of at least third of the Roma pupils. The schools attribute most of the absences to illnesses. Secondary reasons were family issues, such as travel, visiting family and social issues. The third major reason was skipping school. The sheer volume of absenteeism among Roma pupils is a cause for concern.
During the school year 2000-2001, 41 pupils, or 5 percent of the Roma pupils dropped out of school. The number is high as the average drop-out rate in the country is close to zero.
12 percent of Roma pupils changed schools mid-term, which is also a high number compared to the national average.
An uncommon number among the Roma pupils took part in special education. In 2002, about 20 percent of all pupils received special education in some form. Among the 859 Roma pupils in this survey, 430, or 50 percent of them received special education.
A large number of the Roma children in grades 1-6, 16 percent, studied according to a partly or completely adjusted educational plan. The national average is less than 5 percent.
Of the Roma children in grades 7-9, 29 percent were moved into special education, which also is a high number, as the national average for these grades is less than 6 percent.
The survey also looked into the availability of classes in the Romany language, which turned out to be very limited. During the school year 2000-2001, only 20 schools in Finland provided teaching in the language, which is about 6 percent of all the schools with Roma pupils in them.
A significant number of Roma children are home schooled. This practice lifts the responsibility off the school system to the guardians of the child. It is probable that the guardians are not familiar enough with the legislation to understand all the obligations they take on when signing up for home schooling.
Enrollment into preschool among Roma children was also surveyed. It proved to be very limited. Only about 2 percent of the Roma age group took part in any kind of preschooling during the survey.
A part of the survey was a questionnaire addressed to Roma families, collecting the parents’ views on their children’s education. The collection of data was performed by Romany field workers that interviewed Roma families. A similar questionnaire was addressed to the schools.
A lot of parents felt that skill and art subjects were their children’s strong points, or at least their favorite and motivational subjects. The schools observed that just 10 percent of the Roma pupils do well in major subjects.
Both the schools and the parents emphasized the individuality of Roma pupils.
The schools saw sociability as the strongest area of the Roma pupils, as well as good manners, as least partly. Parents also thought that sociability was the children’s strongest point.
Results in short:
Major obstacles in Roma children’s school performance are high absenteeism, emotional and social problems at school, relatively poor grades, the extent of special education and dropping out of school before graduation, as well as problems arising from the upheaval in cultural identity.
The following lists obstacles to be surmounted:
-Pre-school attendance is only 2 percent among Roma children.
-The number of those that stay back in school is much greater among the Roma than the national average. In some point of education, 19 percent of them have stayed back.
-Absenteeism is more prevalent than the national average.
-Almost a fifth, 18 percent, of the age group will drop out of comprehensive school.
-Almost half the pupils receive part-time special education.
-In grades 1-6, 18 percent of pupils and in grades 7-9, 29 percent of pupils are in special education, while tnumber of he national average is just over 5 percent.
-12 percent of the pupils changed schools.
-9 percent are taught the Romany language, a fraction of the pupils that are entitled to education in the Romany language.
-10 percent do well in major subjects.
-During the past five years 90 Roma youths have chosen vocational training, 41 percent of them girls.
-During the past five years 30 Roma youths have chosen high school, 90 percent of them girls.
-Cooperation between home and school is inadequate.
-Romany culture is not adequately known in schools.
What is needed to provide good basic education for Roma children?
-Information on the Roma culture’s special characteristics and how they affect the school attendance.
-Prevention of discrimination.
-Education for teachers on the Roma culture.
-Teacher’s aids and other support personnel.
-Emphasis on the importance of preschool education.
-Support for special education.
-Information and tolerance education.
-Improving the cooperation between home and school.
-More intensive guidance in choosing secondary education.
How to move forward?
The survey shows a multitude of problems in the school attendance of Roma children. Finland has a good, working school system. We must strive towards the Roma children being able to complete their education in a manner decreed in legislation. It is an obligation and a constitutional right of every child.
The survey shows that the Roma have been marginalized from the school system and also within the schools system. Without education it is hard to find employment, which leads to difficulties in making ends meet. The lack of pertinent education together with a minority status is part of why Roma youth face marginalization in employment.
However, it can be stated that in the long run, the education of the Roma has improved, and the attitude towards education has improved greatly. A lot needs to be done to ensure the basic education of all Roma children in a manner decreed in legislation and taking the age group and aptitude of pupils into account, as well as to create a supportive atmosphere and practices in schools to encourage Roma pupils to seek education.
For all this, we need a development strategy and a program to put it into effect. The national Board of Education will launch a new development project on the basis this survey to ensure the basic education of the Roma children and to find solutions for the problems brought forth.
Dear all,
I am Dr Trajko Petrofski. I am a researcher of Roma language and culture.
I want to greet all Nordic Roma living in Sweden, Finland, etc. and those
who take care of Romani people.
I want to collaborate with you.
Please, contact me at trajkopetrovski@...
Dr. Trajko Petrovski.