BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850

MISCELLANEOUS
      There are 57 Savings' Banks in Ireland.
      Lord Cole, one of the Earl of Enniskillen, is dangerously ill.
      The port dues at St. Helena on all shipping are raised from one farthing to
a penny per ton.
      The Solicitor-General will be the second judge over the Munster Circuit.
      The office of the second Remembrancer, held by Mr. Tighe Hamilton, is to be
abolished.
      Under the new act Petty Sessions Clerks in Ireland will be paid a fixed
salary.
      The Sanatory Committees at Tuam and Ballinasloe are dispensed with.
      Malignant small pox is very prevalent at Waterford.
      Bernard Rogan, police constable, was accidentally killed, at Portaferry by
the discharge of a gun.
      Joseph Gubbins, jun., Esq., of Kilrush, is nominated to an Ensignery in the
28th Regt.
      Messrs. Douglas, linen drapers, Donegal-street, Belfast, were burnt out on
Saturday night.
      The non suit at last Cork Assizes, in Crofts v. White Hodges, is set aside
by the Queen's Bench.
      Mr. Doheny, the runaway Confederate, threatens "before another year" to
invade Ireland with 50,000 Irishmen, drilled and trained in America!
      Registered shipping of the port of Limerick for the year ended 5th Jan.
last, 105 vessels, 13,838 tons, 646 seamen.
      Gordon, steward to the late Mr. Bleazby of Glenaul, was committed to Armagh
gaol on Thursday on the coroner's warrant, charged with this master's death.
      Government have offered £100 reward for the discovery of the murderer of
Edward Hurley, of Ballinahinch.
      Since Saturday last a fleet of thirty sail of shipping with "bread stuffs"
from the Mediterranean, arrived at the Cove of Cork.
      In one tract of the county Clare where 20,000 acres were sown with wheat
this time three years, not more than 300 are now laid down for seed!
      John Pike, a pensioner from the 18th Royal Irish, aged 80 years, hung
himself at Bristol on Saturday.
      Mrs. Rebecca Harwood of Bride-street, Limerick, was choaked on Thursday
evening at dinner by a bit of meat which got fixed in her throat.
      The barque Hudersfield, from Bonny and Comeroons, Africa, bound to
Liverpool, when off Tusker took from the Isabella of Cork, Drury, master, coal
laden, and then sinking, the crew, consisting of four persons. The vessel sunk.
      Since the conviction of Joel, the Jew jeweller and bill dealer, alleged
forgeries by him to the amount of 800l. upon another military gentleman, were
reported on Saturday at Marlboro'-street, police office.
      The Lordship attached to the Mayoralty of Dublin only dates from 1665, when
the title was conferred, and £500 given by the Government of the day in lieu of
the company of Foot, to which, exvirtuie officli, that functionary has been
entitled.
      The Joel family "do business" in London and Dublin. Mr. Joseph Joel, in
returning thanks to those officers who have patronized him, says that he has no
connection with any other person of the same name, and that his sole address is
49, Strand, London.
      A young man named Daniel Grace, of Thomond-gate, while labouring under the
influence liquor attempted to put an end to his existence, on Saturday night, by
strangulation. He fastened a handkerchief around his neck, and then suspended
himself from a bed post. He would have succeeded in his graceless purpose, but
for the prompt exertions of Mr. Garvey, relieving officer, who cut down the
intending suicidist when life was nearly extinct, and applied remedies to
restore animation, in which he succeeded.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

I believe Ancestry.com has at least some of the volumes online.  I think I'm
remembering correctly (no current subscription); although I'm thrilled at every
new online source, I can't help feeling terribly peeved when I find online a gem
I went through hell and high water to discover in print form.  ;-)  I feel sure
I felt irked over this particular source.  Luckily for me, my locales were
covered in the library volumes I found.

I, too, hope everyone will support Eneclann in every endeavor.  They are
wonderful, friendly, helpful researchers and a potential goldmine of scarce
information.  I recommend their cd on older Irish Wills.  Not only did I find
helpful references, but they offer a reasonably priced, incredibly convenient
retrieving/copying service for those to which they have access.

Rhonda
   ----- Original Message -----
   From: E Macklin
   To: Syl
   Cc: Cara Links ; Jane Lyons
   Sent: Saturday, December 25, 2004 9:39 PM
   Subject: [IrelandOldNews] Memorials to the Dead


   Good evening Syl:

     In order to promote "the lets get up and go" on this little item of some
   180++ Journals and the effort of others who have used the Journals as a
   guide to their own area of special interest, including Galway and Cork and
   Wicklow, including the efforts of the Cantwells, both father and son, [and J
   S Clarke for that matter] these Journals represent the last great frontier
   of Irish genealogy written in some form of stone, marble and concrete. Being
   illegible to the human eye is the last excuse one would tolerate in this day
   of electro photo enhancement and digital enhancement. Even older stones that
   have been retrieved from blow ground. A great many stones have had their
   etchings successfully retrieved over the years. If we can do it in Egypt,
   and the great standing stones of the Vikings then a few stones a couple of
   hundred years old is "a piece of cake". So we'll hear no more of this
   nonsense from others especially in regards to stones cut since the 1800's
     Having said that, and knowing that Eneclann is working on the data base
   with Trinity Archives [probably one of the few complete Journal sets] is all
   we need to know. Searching via cemeteries is a total waste of time in this
   day and age. Eneclann [one clan] has assured our Foundation that once
   completed that is will be searchable by surname and will take another year
   of so.
     My recommendation is to cheer Eneclann on, to diarize the process every
   other month and ask them to finish the job, not only for ourselves, but for
   those genealogical enthusiast to come after us.

   Eric

     In regards to other grave yards here in Canada, the Japanese grave yards
   where removed especially in BC and transfered to a central location and the
   stones preserved in memorial walls during the War and for very good reason.
   The same held true of a couple of German cemeteries in Ontario, especially
   any military cemeteries. Most of the German war graves were moved to
   Kitchener Ontario which used to be called Berlin. National stupidity has a
   very large price to be paid, including any country that alligned themselves
   with the German cause in both Wars.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Eric,

May I post your informative letter to the Irish Research list?

Let me know,
Rhonda

----- Original Message -----
   From: E Macklin
   To: Syl
   Cc: Cara Links ; Jane Lyons
   Sent: Saturday, December 25, 2004 9:39 PM
   Subject: [IrelandOldNews] Memorials to the Dead


   Good evening Syl:

     In order to promote "the lets get up and go" on this little item of some
   180++ Journals and the effort of others who have used the Journals as a
   guide to their own area of special interest, including Galway and Cork and
   Wicklow, including the efforts of the Cantwells, both father and son, [and J
   S Clarke for that matter] these Journals represent the last great frontier
   of Irish genealogy written in some form of stone, marble and concrete. Being
   illegible to the human eye is the last excuse one would tolerate in this day
   of electro photo enhancement and digital enhancement. Even older stones that
   have been retrieved from blow ground. A great many stones have had their
   etchings successfully retrieved over the years. If we can do it in Egypt,
   and the great standing stones of the Vikings then a few stones a couple of
   hundred years old is "a piece of cake". So we'll hear no more of this
   nonsense from others especially in regards to stones cut since the 1800's
     Having said that, and knowing that Eneclann is working on the data base
   with Trinity Archives [probably one of the few complete Journal sets] is all
   we need to know. Searching via cemeteries is a total waste of time in this
   day and age. Eneclann [one clan] has assured our Foundation that once
   completed that is will be searchable by surname and will take another year
   of so.
     My recommendation is to cheer Eneclann on, to diarize the process every
   other month and ask them to finish the job, not only for ourselves, but for
   those genealogical enthusiast to come after us.

   Eric

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Hi Rhonda:

Absolutely, the sooner this massive archive is put into a data base the
better. It represents the last frontier especially for those families that
could afford a headstone from the 1800 to 1900 practically all of which were
recorded and are just siting there in these beatiful old Journals, Someone,
needs to be seriously prodded in the right direction!

Eric Macklin
Macklin Foundation

From: "Rhonda Jordan" <RLBJ1161@...>
To: <IrelandOldNews@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Tuesday, January 04, 2005 4:09 AM
Subject: Re: [IrelandOldNews] Memorials to the Dead


  Eric,

  May I post your informative letter to the Irish Research list?

  Let me know,
Rhonda

  Good evening Syl:
>
>     In order to promote "the lets get up and go" on this little item of
some
>   180++ Journals and the effort of others who have used the Journals as a
>   guide to their own area of special interest, including Galway and Cork
and
>   Wicklow, including the efforts of the Cantwells, both father and son,
[and J
>   S Clarke for that matter] these Journals represent the last great
frontier
>   of Irish genealogy written in some form of stone, marble and concrete.
Being
>   illegible to the human eye is the last excuse one would tolerate in this
day
>   of electro photo enhancement and digital enhancement. Even older stones
that
>   have been retrieved from blow ground. A great many stones have had their
>   etchings successfully retrieved over the years. If we can do it in
Egypt,
>   and the great standing stones of the Vikings then a few stones a couple
of
>   hundred years old is "a piece of cake". So we'll hear no more of this
>   nonsense from others especially in regards to stones cut since the
1800's
>     Having said that, and knowing that Eneclann is working on the data
base
>   with Trinity Archives [probably one of the few complete Journal sets] is
all
>   we need to know. Searching via cemeteries is a total waste of time in
this
>   day and age. Eneclann [one clan] has assured our Foundation that once
>   completed that is will be searchable by surname and will take another
year
>   of so.
>     My recommendation is to cheer Eneclann on, to diarize the process
every
>   other month and ask them to finish the job, not only for ourselves, but
for
>   those genealogical enthusiast to come after us.
>
>   Eric

Good morning Bill:

    Does anyone have the cemetery records information by RSJ Clarke in a web
searchible format? This could serve as a temporary stop off for die-hard
researchers waiting for the Journals of the Memorials to the Dead to come
on-line......some day.

Eric

The Times
London, Middlesex, England
Dec 11, 1866


IRISH EMIGRATION
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES
      Sir, - "If Ireland were a thousand miles away from us all would be changed,
or the landlord would be exterminated by the vengeance of the people."
      Such are the words to which one of England's leading politicians has
thought it advisable to give utterance at a time when the most reckless portion
of the Irish lower classes are supposed to be on the eve of insurrection. They
are pregnant and comprehensive words. They envelope in the same stern
condemnation both the cultivators and the owners of the soil of Ireland. Their
meaning cannot be mistaken. The term "vengeance" presupposes injury, - injury of
as deep a dye as the revenge it has evoked.
      To some persons the picture thus set forth will appear but as an
exaggerated description of a patent fact; by others it will be considered an
ignoble calumny.
      Now, Sir, I do not presume to pronounce dogmatically between these two
conclusions. No one man can hope, by so simple an expedient as a letter to The
Times, materially to influence the opinion of his fellow countrymen on so vital
a question. But as one of those held up to the execration of the civilized
world, and to the special hatred of those in the midst of whom I live, it will
not appear unreasonable that I should suggest the propriety of a patient
examination of the grounds which are supposed to justify these denunciations.
      Perhaps the simplest method of conducting such an inquiry will be - first,
to specify the several counts in the indictment against the landlords of
Ireland, as set forth in the public manifestos of such man as may be supposed to
speak with the greatest authority on the subject, and then to examine, one by
one, the truth or falsehood of each.
      With this view I propose to take two remarkable speeches upon Ireland - the
one delivered in the House of Commons on the 2d of August by Mr. Maguire, the
member for Cork; the other spoken by Mr. Bright at a banquet in Dublin on the
30th of October. Both these gentlemen are grave and responsible persons, and
enjoy the confidence of large sections of their fellow-countrymen. For the
talents of the one I entertain great admiration, to the other I am united by
tries of personal esteem, while on many questions of the day I probably agree
with both. These considerations justify me in regarding their utterances as
representative expressions of opinion, and at the same time they are a guarantee
that I shall conduct the discussion in a conscientious and temperate spirit.
      As the speeches referred to are within the ready reach of all your readers,
I will not occupy your space with unnecessary quotations, but will content
myself with condensing their substance into the remarkable series of
propositions they allege- namely,
      1. That the emigration from Ireland has been a curse to that country.
      2. That this emigration has been occasioned by the eviction of  the rural
population by their landlords.
      3. That acts of eviction in Ireland are to be attributed rather to the
cruelty and injustice of the landlords than to any failure on the part of those
evicted to fulfill their legitimate obligations.
      4. That the present discontent in Ireland has been chiefly occasioned by
the iniquity of the laws affecting the tenure of the land.
      5. That a change in those laws in a specified direction would pacify
discontent and create agricultural prosperity.
      A few references will show that I have not misrepresented the gist of the
speeches referred to:-
      "The emigration is a disgrace to this country and a calamity to Ireland."
"The landlords are the cause of emigration." " A million victims have borne
testimony to the unwillingness of Parliament to do justice to the occupiers of
the soil." " The landlords must be rigorously dealt with." "Pass a Tenant's
Compensation Bill, and you will have loyalty and peace," - says Mr. Maguire.
      Mr. Bright's language is almost identical: - "The Irish landlord is a
creature of the conquest; Ireland is a land of evictions." "The law has been
made by the landowners for their own behoof, and, as a result, you have a
population fleeing from their country." " Ireland is a country from which
thousands of families have been driven by the force of the landowners and the
power of the law."
      Now, Sir, are these things true? That is the inquiry I propose to
prosecute.
      First, Has the Irish exodus, as it has been termed a calamity or the
reverse?
      We have to consider this question from two points of view, inasmuch as it
has affected the condition of two classes of persons, namely, those who went
away and those who stayed at home.
      There is one single fact which will probably be accepted as a safe
indication of the effects of emigration on the destinies of those who took part
in it. To their immortal honour, within 16 years after their departure, they had
sent back to Ireland upwards of 12,000,000l. of money, chiefly for the purpose
of enabling their friends to follow their example. Now, unless they had
prospered, these savings could not have accumulated; unless their new existence
had been full of promise they would not have tempted their brethren to join
them. But what if, instead of setting forth to reap the golden harvests of the
West, these forlorn multitudes had remained pent up with their rainy valleys,
would the existing population, those that have clung to the old country in spite
of everything, - would they be now the better or the worse? Two obvious
consequences must have followed - wages would have been lower, rents higher than
they are now, while a very large proportion of the peasantry would be occupying
farms half the size of those they are presently cultivating. Now, low wages and
high rents may be advantageous in a certain sense to the manufacturer, to the
landlord, and to the recruiting sergeant; but how do they affect the masses -
the tenant, the labourer, and the mechanic? When I was in the west of Ireland
some 15 years ago the rate of agricultural wages varied from half-a-crown to 5s.
a week. Ever since it has gradually advanced, ranging in the south and west of
Ireland from 10s. to 12s., or even 14s. a week; while in the north the labourer
is almost absolutely master of the market, and can dictate what he pleases.
      To those who closely watch the transitional phases of our national life
indications are perceptible of a similar emancipatory process beginning to
affect the position of the farming classes. In proportion as the peasant
cultivator has become aware of the existence of a more hopeful theatre for the
exercise of his energies than that presented to him and his children by the
miserable seven or eight acres he now miserably cultivate, hat morbid hunger for
a bit of land which has been the bane of Ireland is gradually subsiding;
competition has relaxed something of its suicidal energy, and there is reason to
hope that in the same way as the Irish labourer has already risen from the
condition of a mere serf to be his employer's equal, in process of time the
tenant farmer will be able to treat with his landlord on more independent terms.
      But it may be objected by those who deplore emigration, that had those
vanished thousands remained among us production would have been stimulated, and
the well being of the whole community proportionately increased. Let us see how
far this would be a reasonable expectation.
      Had no emigration taken place from Ireland, and had the population
continued to multiply at its normal rate, the additional increase to our present
numbers would by this time have amounted to three millions of souls, and as
there is not reason to suppose that such a circumstance would have materially
expanded the restricted manufacturing operations of the country, the larger
proportion of these three millions would have had to depend upon the land for
their support. Now, it appears from an official Report, drawn up on the conjoint
authority of Archbishop Whately, Archbishop Murray and Mr. Moore O'Farrell, that
in 1846 five persons were employed in the cultivation of the soil in Ireland for
every two that cultivated the same quantity of land in Great Britain, while the
agricultural produce of Great Britain was four times the agricultural produce of
Ireland. As a matter of fact, therefore, and so far as the past is concerned,
the addition to the agricultural produce of Ireland has not been proportionate
to the excess of the agricultural population.
      It may, however, be pretended that so unsatisfactory a result is to be
accounted for by the unintelligent method in which this redundancy of labour has
been applied to the soil. But in the Lothians of Scotland and in certain parts
of England, the art of agriculture is neither unintelligently nor unsuccessfully
practised, and probably a given space is there made to produce as large a crop
as the united efforts of man and nature are destined to accomplish; yet in those
localities it has been found that about 18 men, with a small proportion of
women, are sufficient to cultivate in the most efficient manner 500 acres of
arable land.
      If we apply this proportion to the 15,832,892 acres of land under cattle
and crops in Ireland we shall see that about 500,000 persons would be able to
cultivate the entire area. But by the Census returns of 1861, the number of
those engaged in agricultural pursuits in that country amounts to upwards of
800,000 persons - that is to say, to 300,000 more than are necessary to the most
consummate cultivation of the soil. Consequently, there is still in Ireland a
considerable section of the inhabitants with their wives and children dependent
for their support upon the land, whose misapplied industry is as unproductive as
if it were devoted to the grinding of a treadmill or the lifting of shot; but
though contributing nothing to the producing power of the class with which they
are incorporated, they have to be supported out of its profits, of which,
consequently, they diminish by so much the share to the remainder. To deny this
is to assert- first, that you make a vessel sail faster by doubling the
complement of her crew, and, second, that the supernumerary hands will have made
no impression on the ship's rations by the end of the voyage.
      But if, instead of the 300,000 persons at present left in this false
position, the hundreds of thousands who have emigrated had remained at home to
breed and stagnate on the overburdened soil, is it not evident that a state of
things would now exist in Ireland such as no man can think of without a shudder?
      The increase of every nation must be limited by the extent and capabilities
of the area it occupies, and the mount of capital it possesses.
      This law of universal application, though one race from its more sordid
habits, or lower civilization, may be more compressible than another. But, the
appointed limits once reached, either the procreative energies of the people
will relax, as they have done in France, or the surplus population will
emigrate, as has been the case in Germany, in Ireland, and to a lesser degree in
England.
      Up to the year 1846 the soil of Ireland retained the capacity of the
producing, to an almost unlimited extent, a certain root, containing all the
elements necessary for the support of human life. The expansion of the
population was proportionate to the facilities it enjoyed for obtaining
sustenance. Suddenly, by the visitation of God, those facilities were withdrawn;
the potato failed; no other product of the soil existed to take its place; corn
crops neither supplied the same amount of nutriment, nor could they be grown in
successive years on the same spot. The life-sustaining power of the soil, in
fact, had become restricted; as an inevitable consequence the population of the
island has become proportionately restricted, and exactly in the same way as the
working classes of Manchester would have been obliged to remove to other centres
of industry, had the cotton famine continued, has the surplus population of
Ireland been compelled to emigrate to a more fertile soil.
      When, therefore, Mr. Bright speaks of Ireland as being the only country
from which an extensive emigration has taken place, he misrepresents facts which
ought to be within his knowledge. The average of emigration from Ireland has
amounted to less than 100,000 a year during the last ten years, but from Germany
alone, and principally from North Germany, as many as 250,000 persons have
emigrated in a single year, while between 1851 and 1861 the emigration from
Great Britain has averaged about 74,000 a year; and when he describes those whom
he invariably terms "the ruling classes" as standing alone in their opinion - an
opinion which, according to him is inspired by their own selfishness and
stupidity - that emigration has been no calamity to Ireland, he states what is
both ungenerous and untrue. Plans for the express purpose of stimulating
emigration have been devised and advocated from time to time by such men as Mr.
Smith O'Brien, Mr. Wyse, and Mr. Sharman Crawford; while, did your space permit,
I might furnish dozens of quotations to show how common such a conviction is to
every school of politics and class of society.
      To attribute its existence to our stupidity and selfishness is even more
gratuitous. When did a tradesman ever complain of the multitude of his
customers, or a manufacturer of the easiness of the labour-market? But what is
the owner of an estate other than a trader in land? His tenants are his
customers; the more strenuous their competition, the higher his rents, and the
denser their number, the more keenly will they compete; emigration has a
tendency to diminish rather than to increase his rental, and if it has not done
so already, it is because it has not continued long enough.
      Very frequently the landlord is a large employer of labour. With the last
15 years I myself have paid away upwards of 50,000l. in wages alone. During the
last half of that period, in consequence of the rise in wages, I have got much
less for my money than I did during the first half, and my consequent loss,
comparing one period with another, would amount to several thousand pounds, and
this has been a direct consequence of the emigration. But, though a dealer in
land, and a payer of wages, I am, above all things, an Irishman, and as an
Irishman I rejoice at any circumstance which tends to strengthen the
independence of the tenant farmer, or to add to the comforts of the labourer's
existence.
      For these reasons I believe that emigration has been, and will continue to
be, a benefit in Ireland, and I disagree with those persons who consider that
the Almighty pronounce a curse, and not a blessing upon His children when He
bade them "go forth and multiply, and replenish the earth."
      I propose to consider the next point in the inquiry in a subsequent letter.
      I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant,
                                   DUFFERIN.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

THE CONNAUGHT JOURNAL
Galway, Thursday, July 29, 1824


CRIM CON
AT NISI PRIUS - COMMON PLEAS DUBLIN
McGOWAN v. MITCHELL
      Mr. Burke opened the pleadings. - The Damages were laid at 3,000l.
      Mr. Wallace offered to withdraw a Juror, which was not agreed to.
      Mr. Hamilton, K.C. stated the case. This was an action brought to recover
damages for criminal conversation with the plaintiff's wife. The parties moved
in an humble but respectable line of life, in which an evil of this kind was of
a more severe nature than in higher ranks; while the wealth of the parties, the
dissolution of the matrimonial tie, and the probable formation of a new
connubial contract, present remedies which in this class of society could not be
looked for. The plaintiff, early in life, was married to a young lady,
(Henrietta Tuke) the daughter of a professor of music, one of the vicars-choral
of this city, who dying, left his family in comfortable circumstances; when she
was 16, plaintiff married Miss Tuke, at her mother's house in Hardwicke-street.
      [The witnesses in this case were ordered to withdraw, and his Lordship
observed it was a hard case, apparently on the ladies, to be obliged to
withdraw.]
      The parties were married by the Rev. M. Morgan, in 1809. Mr. M'Gowan
obtained 500l. on the occasion, and commenced trading as a wine merchant. For
some time they lived on the happiest terms; three children were the issue of the
marriage; M'Gowan failed in business but the embarrassments which ensued did not
seem to lessen their happiness. Anxious to obtain the means of support for his
wife and children, Mr. M'Gowan became the conducting clerk in a Solicitor's
office, which office he has continued to fill  from the moment of his failure to
the present time. A Major Blake had occasion to send a commission for the
examination of witnesses to the West Indies. The plaintiff was sent on that
business.- Plaintiff and defendant were intimate, and on visiting terms; but
previous to his departure for the West Indies, not the slightest improper
intercourse took place between him and Mrs. M'Gowan.
      The defendant holds an employment in the post-office, where the salaries
are progressive; on going abroad the plaintiff placed his wife in the care of
most respectable friends and relatives; Mrs. M'G. lived therefore with her
sister. Shortly after the plaintiff's departure, defendant paid close attention
to his friend's wife, and not only prevailed over her virtue, but obtained from
time to time considerable sums of money for his own expences. He (Mr. Hamilton)
would show, if rightly instructed, that a criminal intercourse had taken place
between the parties during Mr. M'Gowan's absence. Early in December, 1820,
plaintiff had no reason to suspect his wife, but found her, as he supposed,
pure, chaste, and virtuous; he had the greatest confidence in her; he trusted
her with the management of his pecuniary affairs; he entrusted her on his return
with a sum of money for the payment of a particular debt, which she omited to
discharge; and if he was rightly instructed, she gave the money to her paramour.
The consequence of which was, that in 1824, M'Gowan was arrested and thrown into
a prison. While in confinement (for 12 months) his wife was at Richmond, near
Dublin, in lodgings, where the criminal intercourse was continued; Mr. M'Gowan
surprised the defendant in a critical situation; they both denied that any crime
had been committed, and took each and oath to affirm their assertion. Lovers'
vows were soon broken, and in June, 1823, the lady left her husband's lodgings,
and went off with the defendant, leaving her three children, and cohabited with
the defendant in several places. These were the facts of the case. Mr. Hamilton
said he called on the Jury to consider the treachery of the defendant, and the
injury offered to the plaintiff in depriving him of every domestic comfort. No
pecuniary compensation could make him amends, for he never could be separated
from this woman, but must end his days a widower, who had a wife living- that
wife a disgrace to his children and himself.
      Jane Kirk examined by Mr. Brooke- Stated that she was sister to the
plaintiff's wife; and was present at her marriage to Mr. M'Gowan, by Mr. Moore
Morgan, Curate of George's Church, in July or August 1809; her mother lived then
in Hardwicke-street; was in the musical line, and in comfortable circumstances;
the plaintiff and his wife lived on the best terms; he was one of the best of
husbands, she the most affectionate of wives, and fondest of mothers; this state
continued nearly ever since she knew them; no separation took place before
M'Gowan went to the West Indies; a separation took place about a year ago;
witness knows the defendant; the plaintiffs conduct towards him was kind,
hospitable and friendly; he was more like a brother to him than anything else;
defendant frequently visited at the plaintiff 's house; the plaintiff's wife
lived at Black-rock with witness while Mr. M'Gowan was in the West Indies; in
April 1822, she remembers a circumstance that occurred between the parties, she
however was not in the house, and can't tell; she does remember a family quarrel
at that time between plaintiff and his wife, the cause of which she does not
particularly know; he made the best arrangement he could for his wife's support;
the defendant visited at witness's house in December, 1821; she saw the
defendant kiss Mrs. M'Gowan; she spoke about this to Mrs. M'Gowan; the defendant
seemed much vexed about it. [ Here Lord Norbury bid the witness come near him,
observing that she seemed diverted by the subject.]
      Mr. Wallace said, most ladies were interested on such a subject. -- Great
laughter.
      Lord Norbury - "Madam now that you are in so pleasant a mood tell us all
about it."
      Witness - My Lord, in December, 1821, I saw them kiss each other.
      Lord Norbury - "You saw which, you saw the plaintiff kiss the lady."
      Mr. Wallace - She saw them kiss each other, my Lord, that is what she said.
      Witness - Saw nothing more than merely kissing, but saw this after.
      Mr. Brooke - Did you think -
      Mr. Wallace - Don't ask a lady's opinion about kissing. -- (great
laughter.)
      Witness resuming said, when she saw them kissing, she reproved them. She
here corrected herself, she wished to add it was he who had kissed the lady, but
she swears she did not see her return the kiss.
      Cross-examined by Mr. Wallace - The kiss was only at one side; the
plaintiff was then in Ireland; witness did not tell the plaintiff, as she could
not think there was anything improper or criminal between them at the time;
plaintiff and his wife continued to live on the best terms; after that the
defendant continued to visit them both; though she permitted his visits to her
while Mrs. M'Gowan's husband was away, she considered them improper, and,
stamping her foot, the witness said, she permitted them.
      Mr. Wallace - Did you consider yourself a pander?
      Me, Sir.
      Did he force his way?
      No, did you force your way here, Sir? Defendant visited her every day.
      Mr. Wallace - Madam, did the plaintiff turn his wife out four times? No;
three times; No; twice. No, on (with a grin at Mr. Wallace) no, (Great
Laughter) - She came voluntarily to chat; to speak, to learn how to act; she
slept with witness. How long - a week? No. A night? Two nights. Did she sleep
with you and your husband? No; (with a laugh and a grin) no, Sir - (Great
Laughter._ - When witness and her sister chatted, she said they drank water.
      Mr. Wallace - Anything else? Buttermilk.
      Anything else? Tea; put in tea if you please, nothing else.
      Anything going to bed- was it stiffened with anything? No; (with a frown
which excited merriment.)
       Where has your sister lodged for the last six months? I am sure it is not
necessary for you to know. (Laughter)
      Answer me. Well, then, Sir, she lives in Grang-gorman-lane; - since
All-holland-tide witness, the husband, and her sister, have not been all three
together.
      Had you buttermilk, water, or cocoa then; - indeed we had not- (laughter
heartily.) - She delivered two letters, which were handed in and marked, were in
M'Gowan's handwriting.
      Anne Corlet was the next witness- she was examined by Mr. Hamilton, King's
Counsel- Proved that she lived as servant in the plaintiff's family five years;
it is eight years since she left them; - in April 1811 they had a child three
months old, and were in great union and happiness; she was a prudent and good
wife; they had three children when witness left them; the children are all
alive, she believes.
      Mr. Richards cross-examined the witness.
      Mr. James Taylor proved the affectionate conduct of Mr. and Mrs. M'Gowan
during his intimacy with them; he has not seen them together for five or six
years.

...to be continued...

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

...continued...

THE CONNAUGHT JOURNAL
Galway, Thursday, July 29, 1824


       Mary Fitzsimmons stated, that three years ago she entered into the service
of Mrs. M'Gowan; she was living in Richmond then; one month after she went
plaintiff was put into Kilmaniham gaol; during that time she often saw the
defendant at her mistress's; he was  constant visitor in the middle of the day,
and frequently in the evening; sometimes he staid all night; visits of that kind
often occurred at that time; Mrs. M'Gowan had only one bedroom; the children
slept above stairs with their mother; witness saw Mitchell sometimes in the
morning, in the parlour in his clothes.
      On this witness's cross-examination by Mr. Wallace, she said Mrs. Kirk and
her husband were also in the habit of calling; Mr. Mitchell and Mrs. M'Gowan
were in the habit of visiting Mr. M'Gowan in prison; the eldest child might be
eleven- the other two (boys) eight and five; - none of Mrs. M'Gowan's visitors,
save defendant, slept in the house; and she did not doubt (she answered to a
Juror's question) that she and the defendant might have slept at the house
before her master went to prison.
      Bridget Norton, another servant of the plaintiff, proved, that after he
came out of goal she had seen defendant take freedom with Mrs. M'Gowan, he would
take and pull her about, and kiss her; witness often heard Mitchell say he would
take M'G's live if Mrs. M'Gowan would say the word; he often gave her notes for
Mrs. M'Gowan, and said, don't tell M'Gowan or you will tell me. Before she was
servant in the family she saw him come out of the house at five o'clock in the
morning; witness then lived next door; Mitchell called to witness in November,
at her mother's, and said he would take Mrs. M'Gowan away, that he did not care
a button for him; he came to inquire whether M'Gowan and his wife lived together
since M'G had found it out; he said she swore that he added he came to carry
Mrs. M'Gowan off, that he had plenty of money and would take Mrs. M'G's children
and do for them.
      While Counsel and the Court were in discussion about the question, the
witness swore defendant offered her bribes, not to deceive him and tell M'Gowan.
      Cross-examined by Mr. O'Loughlin - Witness admitted that she then did
believe the transactions between Mrs. M'Gowan and the defendant, and would go to
her now as well formerly; M'Gowan, when they lived in Meclenburgh-street, turned
his wife out; witness afterwards said, she went to her sisters of her own
accord; it arose form Mrs. M'Gowan's walking with Mr. Mitchell; one timewas sent
to the Post-office, when the property of Mr. M'Gowan was seized under distress.
      The next witness was named Curran. - He swore he was in the room with Mrs.
M'Gowan and the defendant; on one occasion defendant took plaintiff's wife on
his knee- pulled her on his knee.
      Mr. Wallace - How you teeth must have chattered.
      Witness in conclusion added, that on another occasion he took the same
liberties, pressed her to his bosom, kissed her, and hoped he would live to see
the day he would have such a lovely creature, and ........ When Mrs. M'Gowan
lodged on Constitution-hill, defendant and she very often met; at witness's
recommendation defendant took a lodging from Reilly, Mrs. M'Gowan there passed
as Mitchell's wife.
      On his cross-examination by Mr. Richards, he swore he was an impartial
witness and no way interested though he assisted in carrying a brief to a lawyer
that morning for Mr. M'Gowan; he read some part of the brief from curiosity; he
read some part of the evidence he himself expected to give; witness asked the
brief from curiosity; he admitted also he wrote part of these briefs; he wrote
down part of his own evidence; he had the curiosity to see what other witnesses
were to prove . Cross-examined further, he said he was not shocked by seeing the
defendant take Mrs. M'Gowan on his knee; he lives at No. 1 Exchequer-street;
there are eight or nine rooms in the house; let to none but decent people.
      Mr. Richards - Very decent people, I dare say.
      Witness never let a room in his house by the night or hour, or when he
lived in Moore-street, where he had eight or nine rooms. Witness denied he was a
pimp, but did act with defendant in taking a room for carrying on an intercourse
with the plaintiff's wife - (Great laughter.)- He swore he did not write out the
plaintiff's case.
      To a question from Mr. Hamilton, K.C. witness said he was married to the
widow of an officer, who has a pension.
     Edward Reilly said he lived at 22 Purdon-st.; the last witness came to take
lodgings for two people, to sit in by day; people whom he said was privately
married. It was Mitchell who came to the house.
      Cross-examined by Mr. Wallace.- After he had done that, he did not think
Curran an honest, fair man.
      Two letters were read from the defendant here, which caused much laughter.
      Mr. Wallace only commented on the evidence brought forward on behalf of the
plaintiff.
      After the examination of Mrs. Hornish,
      Mr. Brook replied.
      The learned Judge charged the Jury, who found a verdict for the plaintiff,
200l. damages and 6l. costs.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850

EMIGRATION TO THE CAPE- PORT NATAL
      Respectable families who are not eligible for the government grant, can
have 100 acres or more on a lease of 10 years, at a yearly rental of 1s. per
acre, with the option of purchasing their allotments at any time during their
lease. This land is of the richest quality, fit for the plough, being clear, and
with ordinary culture, capable of producing wheat, barley, oats, beans, peas,
Indian corn, potatoes, cotton, tobacco, sugar, coffee, arrow root, figs,
pineapples, grapes, oranges, and all European fruits and vegetables.
      Oxen and milch cows may be purchased in fine condition, at £4 each in
Natal. Sheep, from 4s. 6d. to 7s. 6d. according to the quality of the wool.
Fowls 2s. per dozen. Indian corn is brought in by the natives in great abundance
at 1s. per bushel and pigs thrive amazingly on this. The bay of Natal abounds
with fish. The Mauritius is the market for exporting live stock, &c., where the
fat cattle bring from £20 to £30 according to weight and quality.
      In addition to numerous testimonials on the subject of the capabilities,
climate, and soil of Natal- the following extract is from a letter received by
the agent for this colony, Mr. Young, Sun Court, Cornhill:-
      "Now with regard to Natal, the land, I may say, of my adoption, I cannot
well say too much for it; it far exceeds my most sanguine anticipation, in the
beauty of its scenery, the uninterrupted fertility of its soil and the salubrity
of its climate; none of all these qualities can be too long dwelt upon, nor yet
overdrawn. The surface of the country is generally undulating, in no place
rising (excepting on the Drakenberg,) higher than 700 feet, and that in a few
instances, and even in these, the hills are clothed to the very summit with the
richest pasture you can imagine; the richness of it, indeed, is the only fault
it has, as young cattle are apt to surfeit themselves on it at first; this
fault, however, is soon corrected and is disappearing as the country becomes
occupied. I have already travelled over a good deal of the soil in all
directions, and in no one instance have I seen cause to change any opinion of
the country. Of course some localities are more suitable for the cultivation of
certain crops than others; for instance, as yet it is generally considered the
vicinity of the sea or within parallel of 200 miles from it, it is most suitable
for cotton, more especially, the finer staples of it. The native Natal
Cottontree, as well as the American Upland, has been found to do well up the
country. This new Colony has none of the great draw backs of the older colonies
neither does it, in capability or internal resources, fall short of any of them.
Natal is no in its infancy, and only requires to be better known, to induce many
hundreds of our farmers, who have hard struggles at home, (in order to make both
ends meet,) to come out. There are none of the frequent and periodical draughts
here, with which both the old colony of the Cope, as well as all our Australian
colonies are scourged.- During the summer and winter there is plenty of water
for all purposes. Winter being the dry season here and also the best time for
putting in root and pulse crops, it is found beneficial and necessary to
irrigate the land, whilst the seed is germinating, for which there is at all
times and abundant supply; and from this gently undulating character of the
country it is an operation easily performed. Comparatively little advantage has,
as yet, been taken of the natural capabilities of the soil; indeed I can
scarcely say that any, unless we except the cultivators of cotton. All we are in
want of here therefore, is labour and moderate capital; especially the farmer.
Send us these and I am justified in predicting, that Natal, in a few short
years, would become not only our most flourishing colony, but would also, on
account of the suitableness of their soil and climate for the cultivation of
cotton, become of immense importance to Britain; as in some measure, rendering
her more independent of America, for that article. You have seen, of course, the
reports already made on the Natal Cottons, by the Chambers of Commerce at
Manchester and Liverpool, where were very favourable. After seeing a good deal
of the country; I have at length fixed on a farm, about two hours ride from
Pieter Maritzburg, lying upon the Umganie River, it is nearly 6,000 acres in
extent, with much valuable wood on it, which can be floated down the Umganie to
D'Urban, where there is always a ready sale for it at high prices. It now pays
well to transport it thither by waggons, a distance 70 miles and sawn with a pit
sawn. The place I have bought is very beautiful, and remarkably rich in pasture.
It is situated at the conflex of the Umganie and Kaokloof rivers. The former
forming its southern boundary down to the mouth of the Kaokloof, or as it is
called in the Ordnance map, the Karhlons, from which point it runs direct to
north. There is a pretty good house upon it, and a mill for grinding flour. I
mean to commence operations immediately; we have good and pleasant neighbours
around us. The Government upset price is 4s. per acre, a real good Government
farm seldom fetches less in the neighbourhood that I speak of than 5s."
      Line of packets sailing on the 1st of each month from Gravesend. The rate
of passage in the cabin is £39; intermediate is £15 15s.; steerage, £11.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

Thanks to Clare Co. Library for sending a copy of this from their
biographical notices collection of Clare Champion Newspaper

Clare Champion 23 September 1939

Mrs. Margaret McNamara
Waterpark, Scariff

We regret to announce the death of Mrs. Margaret McNamara, Waterpark,
Scariff, which took place at her residence after a brief illness on Saturday
last.  A
member of the O'Farrell family of Ogonneloe, deceased was born there 72 years
ago.  A highly respected member of the community, she was noted at all times
for her deeply religious and charitable disposition.  She was the widow of the
late Daniel McNamara, a sister of Rev. M. J. O'Farrell.  All Hallows College,
Dublin, and mother of Rev. J. McNamara, C.C. Tulla, to whom, as well as to
the other members of the family, we desire to extend our deepest sympathy.

On Sunday evening, in the presence of one of the largest gatherings witnessed
in the district for years, the remains were removed to Scariff Church, where
they were received by her son, Rev. J. McNamara, C.C., and the following other
clergy - Very Rev. Canon Vaughan, P.P., Quin; Rev. J. Rogers, St. Flannan's
College, Rev. Dr. Maxwell, do.; Rev. J. Colleran, do.; Rev. P. Hogan, do.; Rev.
P. Stuart, C.C., Ballywilliam, and Rev. Father Byrnes, C.C., Scariff.

On Monday morning the church was thronged with mourners and sympathisers when
Solemn Requim High Mass was celebrated for the happy repose of her soul.  The
celebrant was Rev. J. McNamara, C.C., Tulla (son); deacon Rev. P. Stuart,
C.C., Ballywilliam; sub-deacon, Rev. J. J. Bolton, C.C., Quin; and master of
ceremonies, Rev. M. Hogan. C.C. Clarecastle.  The chanters were - Rev. M. Lynch,
C.C., Sixmilebridge and Rev. D. Flannery, C.C., Borrisokane.  In the choir were
- Rev. M. J. O'Farrell, All Hallows College; Very Rev. P. J. Canon Vaughan,
P.P., Quin; Very Rev. M. Dinan, P.P., Bodyke; Very Rev. T. Meagher, P.P., O'C.
Mills; Very Rev. T. Tuohy, P.P., Toomevara; Very Rev. J. O'Donoghue, P.P.,
Kinnity; Very Rev. D. Crowe, P.P., Mountshannon; Very Rev. D. A. O'Dea, P.P.,
Flagmount; Very Rev. R. Burke, P.P., Ogonneloe; Very Rev. Ml. Quinn, President,
St. Flannan's College; Rev. P. Cahill, C.C., Ennis; Rev. Dr. Clune, C.C.,
Newmarket; Rev. T. Hehir, C.C., Clonlara; Rev. Dr. Maxwell, St. Flannan's
College;
Rev. J. Rodgers, do.; Rev. M. O'Flynn, C.C., Tulla; Rev. J. Colleran, St.
Flannan's; Rev. J. Campbell, C.C., Bodyke; Rev. P. O'Connor, C.C., Kilkishen;
Rev.
P. Loughnane, C.C., Inagh; Rev. J. Reidy, C.SS.P.; Rev. M. McNamara, C.C.,
Puckane; Rev. M. Byrnes, C.C., Scariff; Rev. D. Fitzgerald, C.C., Whitegate;
Rev. E. Hogan, C.C., Ballynacally; Rev. T. Hogan, C.C., Killenena; Rev. T.
Hogan,
C.C. Feakle; Rev. P. Hogan, St. Flannan's College; Rev. Fr. Davis, Whitegate.

Telegrams were received from the following who regretted inability to attend
and sympathised with the family of the deceased: - Very Rev.. W. Canon
Scanlon, P.P., V.F., Tulla; Rev. Ml. Hamilton, C.C., Ennis; Rev. E. Murphy, St.
Flannan's; Rev. D. Conheady, C.C., Terryglass; Rev. M. Gunning, C.C.,
Cooraclare;
Rev. T. Daly, C.C., Silvermmines; Mr. And Mrs. T. Moore, Tulla.

The funeral, which took place the same day, to the family burial ground in
Moynoe was very large and representative.  The cortege was close on two miles
long and was representative of the entire district for miles around, with
mourners and sympathisers from many parts of North Tipperary and Limerick.

Rev. J. McNamara, C.C., assisted by the other clergy who had officiated at
the High Mass, read the last prayers at the graveside.

The chief mourners at the funeral were: Rev. J. McNamara, C.C., Tulla;
Patrick, Denis and Rody (sons); Mary Margaret (daughter); Rev. M.J. O'Farrell,
All
Hallows College, Dublin; Mr. J. O'Farrell, Ogonneloe, and Dr. R. O'Farrell
(brothers); Rev. P. Stuart, C.C., Ballywilliam (nephew); Rev. T. Fennessy, P.P.,
Illinois, U.S.A., and Mr. D. Fennessy, Ballynacurra, Co. Limerick (cousins).

Mass Cards were sent by - Her Loving Family; Martin and Mary Kiely, Caher;
Rev. P. Stuart, C.C., Ballywilliam; Kate McNamara, Bridge House, Scariff; Mrs.
B. McNamara, Waterpark; Maire McGuane, Drumcharley N.S., Mrs. O'Connell, do;
Miss G. Hogan, Glandree N.S.; Mr. and Mrs. B. Littleton, Tulla; Mr. and Mrs. C.
Littleton, do; Mrs. O'Gorman and family, Scariff; John McNamara, Tingaree,
Tulla; the O'Halloran family, P.O., Tulla; Mr. and Mrs. Whelan, Lahinch; Mrs.
Maureen Browne, Kilkenny; Rev. T. Daffy, C.C., Castleconnell; Rev. W. Delahunty,
C.C., Scariff; Mr. P. Long, Loughrea; Mr. R. Nealon, Newtown, Nenagh; John and
Sarah Flynn, Feakle; the Flynn family, Northumberland Rd., Dublin; Community,
Convnet of Mercy, Nenagh; Rev. Dr. Hammell, St. Patrick's College, Maynooth;
Very Rev. L. O'Brien, P.P., Bournea; Very Rev. J. Smyth, P.P., Doora; Rev. L.
Haslett, C.C., Killeen; Rev. P. Ryan, C.C., Birr; Rev. J. Hayes, C.C.,
Kildysart.

The family of the late Mrs. McNamara desire to thank all those who sent Mass
Cards and messages of sympathy and all who attended the obsequies and funeral.
  They hope this will be accepted by all in grateful acknowledgement.

-------------

VOTES OF SYMPATHY.

Votes of sympathy have been passed as follows -

Quin F.F. Cumann. - To the relatives of the late Michael Woulfe, Orda, Quin.

Scariff Hurling Club. - To the McNamara family, Waterpark, Scariff, on the
death of their mother.

Jim McNamara
British Isles Newsletter Editor
http://www.rootsweb.com/~bifhsusa


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Thanks to County Clare Library for providing the copy of this from the
collection of biographical notices in their Clare Champion Collection.

Clare Champion  - 27 May 1950, page 7

Mr. MICHL. McNAMARA
Waterpark, Scariff

Mr. Michael McNamara, who died at his residence in Waterpark, Scariff, on
Monday, had reached the grand old age of 89 years.  Most of his years were spent
in Killanena with his wife, who was a school-teacher in Duglaun, and, on her
death some years ago, he returned to his native place.  He was a brother of the
late Rev. Denis McNamara, C.C., Cooraclare, and uncle of the Rev. J.
McNamara, C.C., Kilmaley.

On Tuesday evening his remains were removed to the Church of the Sacred
Heart, Scariff, where on Wednesday morning, Solemn Requiem High Mass was
celebrated
for the happy repose of his soul.  The celebrant was Rev. J. McNamara, C.C.,
Miltown Malbay; sub-deacon, Rev. W. O'Donoghue. C.C., Bodyke, and Master of
Ceremonies, Rev. P. Ryan, C.C., Scariff.  The chanters were: Very Rev. J. Ryan,
P.P., Scariff, and Very Rev. D. Flannery, P.P., Bodyke.  In the choir were -
Very Rev. D. Crowe, P.P. Mountshannon; Very Rev. D. A. O'Dea, P.P., Flagmount;
Very Rev. R. Bourke, P.P, Ogonnelloe; Very Rev. T. Stuart, P.P., Kilmaley;
Very Rev. A. Ryan, P.P., Feakle; Rev. J. O'Brien, C.C., Flagmount; Rev. P. Ryan,
C.C., Feakle.

The funeral took place the same day to the family burial ground at Moynoe,
and the attendance there and also at the removal of the remains the previous
evening was of exceptionally large proportions and representative of the
district
for miles around, testifying to the great esteem the McNamara families
enjoyed by all classes.

The chief mourners included a number of nephews, nieces and other relatives.

Jim McNamara
British Isles Newsletter Editor
http://www.rootsweb.com/~bifhsusa


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850

POOR LAWS
      Sir Richard de Burgho having satisfied the guardians of this union,
(Limerick) on Saturday, that Patrick Mannon had paid poor rate in his own wrong,
under a misplaced number in the collector's book, he is ordered to be refunded
the amount or get credit for same.
      The Poor Law Commissioners have appointed John Hall, Esq., Temporary
Inspector, an assistant Guardian of Galway union.
      The Poor Law Commissioners have sent down a sealed order impounding
£10,000, the whole balance to the credit of Waterford union, because the
guardians demurred to pay an instalment of 18,000l., relief advanced by
Government.
      The Tralee guardians have taken ground for a workhouse farm of Mr. Jerome
Quill, at 4l. per acres, after which they allocated 1,500l. among creditors to
whom 12,000l. is due.
      Mr. Gannon, a guardian at Tuam, in an angry mood on Wednesday, charged Mr.
Commissioner Richard Bourke with hypocrisy and untruth, in preferring a charge
against him respecting block receipts. The entire Board repudiated such an
attack.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
      Mr. John Hudson, poor rate collector, is to be tried at Waterford assizes
for wounding with a pistol shot Mary Bates, a defaulting rate payer.


THE POOR LAW - RIGHT OF TENANT
      The repeal of the 77th section of the 1st and 2nd Vic., c. 56 has not a
retrospective effect. It only affects cases and agreements made and entered into
since the 1st of August last, and in all cases the tenant can insist upon his
right to make a deduction on account of the poor rate, if he only take care to
preserve that right by the introduction of a proper stipulation in that respect
into the lease or contract, to which he may be about to become a party. Let
there be no mistake in this poor law matter. All concerned should make well that
in any demise or letting to be made for the future, the tenant will not have the
protection of the 77th section, but must guard himself from the burden of entire
poor rate by express and positive agreement.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850

BIRTHS
      At Island, Wexford, the Lady of William Bolton, jun., Esq., of a son.
      The Lady of Martin H. Burke, Esq., of Warrenpoint, of a daughter.

MARRIAGES.
      At Ardcarne Church, Wm. Wray, Esq. J.P. Oak Park, county Donegal, to Anna,
eldest daughter of the late Capt. Johnston, D.C., Brookhill, county Leitrim.
      At Sarsden, Oxford, the Rev. Wm. E.D. Carter, Fellow of New College,
Oxford, and eldest son of Capt. T.W. Carter, H.M.S. Caldedonia, to Ellen,
daughter of the Rev. ? Barter, Rector of Sarsden.

DEATHS.
      At Carrick-on-Suir W.W. O'Donnell, Esq., son of the late Wm. O'Donnell,
Esq. of Cottage.
      James, eldest son of O'Connell O'Ferrall, Esq., Comlishmore, county
Longford.
      At her residence in Dorset-street, Emily, relict of the late Wm. Manfield,
Esq. of York-street.
      At Carrickfergus, the Rev. E. Bruce, eldest son of E. Bruce, Esq., of of
Scoutbush, county Antrim.
      At Fairview, near Richhill, county Armagh, Mrs. Reid, relict of the Rev.
Wm. Reid.
      Grace, relict of the late Rev. Dr. Chalmers, D.D., D.L.L., at Edinburgh.
      Andrew Porteus, Esq., Postmaster of Montreal.
      At Belvidere House, near Sandymount, S. Butler, Esq., son of the late Hon.
Col. P. Butler, M.P. for the county of Kilkenny, and brother to the present
member.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850

SERIOUS ACCIDENT.
      It has not before been our duty to notice with deeper feelings of regret
any accident than that which occurred on this day se'nnight to Mr. George
Hearne, of Palmyra Cottage, while out shooting at a short distance from this
town. It was occasioned by the bursting of the left barrel of the gun into which
he thinks he put a double charge. The first fingers of the left hand was
completely carried away and the hand otherwise so much injured that Surgeons
Whittaker and Neilson considered it necessary to cut if off from above the wrist
(not from the elbow, as stated in the Tyrawly Herald,) in order to prevent
tetanus; and we are happy to say that he is now progressing as favourably as
circumstances will admit. The accident is not regretted alone by those who enjoy
the acquaintance of the young gentleman, the regret is general among the
inhabitants of the town and neighbourhood. His estimable family, his mild and
affable character, his age, (26 years), and his fine handsome appearance have
excited the sympathies of all. The gun which burst had been in use for very many
years, but was apparently in very good order. It was lent him some weeks
previous by a gentleman who took it with him from England about two years since.

OUTRAGE
      On the night of the 25th, a barn attached to the house of William Henigan
of Beaghy, in the parish of Kilmoremoy, was entered through the roof from which
part of the thatch was removed, and a quantity of potatoes taken away by some
person or persons unknown:- Beaghy is about two miles from this town [Ballina].

POOR RATES RESCUE
      Some short time since Mr. Robert R. Savage, Collector, made a seizure of
sheep for arrears of poor rates due on the lands of Dohoma, Erris, when he was
followed by several persons armed with pikes and sticks. He succeeded in
bringing the sheep to pound, but the mob increasing showed a determination to
attack. Stones were thrown and several of the drivers stuck. The pound-keeper
delayed opening the door, evidently with the intention to gain time for the mob.
When the door of the pound was at length opened and some of the sheep driven in,
one man who was armed with a large stick entered and endeavoured to force the
sheep back, and struck fiercely at any who dared to interfere with him. At the
same time there were several persons on the walls of the pound throwing stones
at the men who were attempting to drive in the sheep. One of the drivers forced
his way into the pound, when he was attacked by the man inside, and both then
struck at each other. Mr. Savage, when he saw there was no other way of saving
the lives of his assistants, directed them to escape in the best manner they
could. They were pursued by the mob, which at this time had increased to several
hundreds. Mr. Savage to save his life turned his horse on the pursuers, and thus
checked them for the moment. The pursuit was renewed, and continued about six
miles, when four of the drivers were overtaken exhausted on the mountains by six
men who would, doubtless, have taken summary revenge were it not for the timely
interference of two gentlemen. We believe this affair is in course of
investigation, and is the only instance of any rescue being attempted since Mr.
Savage's appointment.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.irelandoldnews.com/

THE CONNAUGHT JOURNAL
Galway, Monday, August 2, 1824

AN UNSUCCESSFUL SWINDLER
      A person travelling under the name of Burke, in the course of last week
arrived at Gresham's Hotel as from Cork and sent to one of the most wealthy
money houses in town, highly responsible letters of introduction, (with his
cards), purporting to be written by Merchants in Cork, where Mr. Burke had
lately landed from Barbadoes. He was shortly waited upon by one of the junior
partners of the house, and tendering every assistance in their power to bestow.
Mr. Burke was indisposed, and obliged to keep his room, but told his visitor he
was going down to Connaught in a few days and would want some ready cash, at the
same time producing two drafts upon London, one for the sum of £2500 and the
other for £2000, drawn by a banking house in Bristol, and requested they might
be converted into cash. From the names of the persons in Cork, who were supposed
to have given the letters of introduction, there was no hesitation in complying
with his request, and the Bank of Ireland Post Bills  for the amount were
immediately procured, and the Bills forwarded to London for acceptance. By
return of post a letter announced that the house they were drawn on refused
present acceptance for want of advice: this, from the supposed character of Mr.
Burke, was not thought of any serious consequence - but what was their
astonishment upon the arrival of the next packet- they got an account that one
of the Bristol partners had arrived in London, and upon his being shewn the
bills, and requested to give authority for their acceptance, he declared they
were forgeries, and the house had no knowledge of any person of the name of
Burke. "We are cleaned out," was the word, and instant preparation was made for
following Mr. Burke to Galway, where it was supposed, from his own declarations,
he had gone. Whilst the preparations were making for the pursuit, the clerk who
happened to have been sent to Gresham's with the Post Bills to Burke, was sent
upon business to one of the private banks in town, and, while conversing there
with one of the clerks, he happened to peep thru the pigeon-hole of one of the
private officers of the partners, and what was his astonishment at seeing his
friend, Burke, behind the desk, with all the post bills before him; he, in the
shortest way possible, told the clerk how his house was in jeopardy with Burke,
and requested of him to detain him while he ran down to the police office for a
constable. - In a few minutes he returned, and stationed two policemen at the
door, and requested that he be admitted into the private office, where Burke was
there seen; their recognition of each other, as may be supposed, did not
terminate very amicably. Upon his mentioning to Burke that his bills were
alleged to be forgeries, he replied, "Oh! that's impossible, I'll go down with
you instantly and settle this business." The clerk told him, from the nature of
the transaction, he would be obliged to give him into the custody of the police
he had at the door, while he went to inform his employers of the caption he had
made. The denoument ended by the house recovering their money minus £300 and
lodging Mr. Burke in Newgate. When discovered by the clerk he was making up his
money to pay for bills upon London, drawn by the Dublin bankers, and had a po?
chaise at the door waiting to carry him off.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

THE CONNAUGHT JOURNAL
Galway, Thursday, July 29, 1824

ENNIS, JULY 26.
      The following is the number of prisoners and their crimes, to be tried at
our ensuing Assizes: - Murder, 19; aiding and assisting in murder, 3; burglary
and conspiring to murder, 2; burglary and robbery, 5; highway robbery, 1;
assault and robbery, 5; attempt at abduction, 3; rape, 8; arson, 2;
horse-stealing, 3; cow-stealing, 6; pig-stealing, 4; sheep-stealing, 7; forgery,
2; coining, 4; picking pockets, 1; taking money under false pretences, 4; idle
and disorderly, 3; larceny, 1; illicit distillation, 6. -- Total 92.

      On Wednesday night, a large farm house on the lands of Dyon, near Crusheen,
the property of Edward Galway, Esq. in which were several farming utensils, and
other effects, was maliciously set fire to and consumed. This outrage is upon
the Rock system, a tenant being lately dispossessed for non-payment of rent.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

News of the World
London, Middlesex, England
Dec 28, 1856

IRELAND
Attempted Assassination of Mr. Joynt
      An attempt, which nearly proved successful, has been made to assassinate
Mr. Joynt in the county of Clare. He was rather seriously but not dangerously
wounded. Mr. Galbraith Joynt, who holds landed property at Mount St. Catherine,
county Clare, which he recently purchased in the Encumbered Estates Court, was
returning home in his gig, and had not proceeded more than two miles on the
Clonlara road, when he was fired at from behind a hedge, by some daring
assassin, who lay in wait for his intended victim; fortunately, the attempt was
unsuccessful, for although wounded severely in the leg, Mr. Joynt is not
dangerously injured. The shot came from the right hand side of the road, riddled
the dashboard of the vehicle, and some of the pellets passed through the fleshy
part of that gentleman's leg. Confused and affrighted at such an unexpected
attack in a lonesome district, Mr. Joynt had the presence of mind to turn round
his horse, and, though bleeding profusely, drove into Limerick at a quick pace,
to the house of his brother, where surgical aid was promptly rendered and the
wounds dressed. The reason assigned is, that Mr. Joynt had served notice of
ejectment upon tenants who are to be dispossessed in March. The police of
Clonlara, it is understood, have received information which, it is hoped, will
lead to the arrest of the person who committed the outrage; and, if so, a
deep-laid conspiracy will, in all likelihood, be developed, as it is not long
since the brother of the gentleman attacked, received a threatening notice to
the effect "that he should bear in mind the spirit of Clare was not yet dead",
and that he ought to dread the fate of Gloster. A few years since Mr. Gloster
was shot in his gig, when coming into Limerick from the county Clare, and the
perpetrator of the four deed was never discovered.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

Freeman's Journal
Dublin, Ireland
Dec. 1, 1764

DUBLIN
      A few Days ago a Master Smith went to a Distillery in Britain-street to buy
some Whiskey, and trying whether it was proof, having a Candle in his Hand, one
of the Workmen came behind him, took off his Wig, and threw some Spirits on his
Head, which communicating to the Candle set Fire to his Face and the Top of his
Head, and burned him in a shocking Manner. He has since swore against the Man,
who it is to be hoped may meet with the Reward of his Barbarity.
      Nov. 23] At Night three Footpads attacked a poor Man at the End of
Water-row, on Ormond Quay; they almost choaked him with his Handkerchief, to
prevent his crying out, then robbed him of about four Shillings and half a Leg
of Mutton, after which they inhumanly threw him down the Steps (opposite to the
Row) into the Liffey.
      MARRIED] A few Days ago at Clonard, Patrick Allen of Rock, in the county of
Westmeath, Esq; to the Widow Brewton, of Brackagh in the County of Kildare; and
Mr. Edward Forster, to the Widow Black. -- Mr. Thomas Glanning, Skinner in
Wartling-street, to Miss Reed of Kilcock.-- Mr. Robert Estor, Merchant, of
Strabane, in the County of Tyrone, to Miss Letitia Nesbit, of the same Place.--
John Bickerstaff, of Newtonforbes in the County of Longford, to Miss Teresa
Mannypenny, of Aaron-quay.-- In Wexford, Capt. William Harrison of Bristol, to
Miss Radford of that Town.-- Henry Irwin of Tamnamony in the County of
Londonderry, Esq; to Miss Phebe Oulton, only Daughter of Walley Oulton of
Clonlee, in the Co. of Westmeath, Esq;
      DIED.] A few Days ago, Mr. Gabriel Clark, Cashkeeper to Mr. John Pim
Joshua, a Man esteemed by all who knew him.-- At Birr, aged 101 Years, Mr.
Matthew Hubett.-- Near Birr, the Wife of Matthew Yelverton, Esq; -- At Corke,
Robert Hoare, Esq; Town Clerk.-- At Middletown, Miss Whitefield, Aunt to the
Rev. Dean Chinnery.-- In Crampton-Court, Mr. Charles Leslie.-- In College-Green,
Mr. John Stoyte, an eminent Master Taylor.-- At Dungannon in the County of
Tyrone, of a lingering Illness, William M'Iver, M.D., a Gentleman of great Skill
in his Profession.-- At Stephen's Green, Edmond Leslie Corry, Esq; one of the
Representatives in Parliament for the Borough of Newtonlimavady.-- In the Lower
Castle-Yard, deservedly lamented, Mr. James Lyons, formerly an eminent
Shoemaker; a Man of an unblemished Character.-- Mrs. Margaret Corker, a Maiden
Lady of the most exemplary Piety and Charity, and Sister to the late worthy and
renowned Patriot, Col. Edward Corker, of Ballimsloe in the Co. of Corke.

      FRANCIS PARVISOL, who obtained several Premiums from the Hon. the Dublin
Society, removed from Skinner-row to the West Side of Parliament-street, next
House but one to Cork-hill, has opened a Hat Ware-House, where he manufactures
as usual, and sells all Kinds of Clergymens, Gentlemens, and Ladies Hats, which
are equal in every Respect to any imported; having since his Commencement in
Trade, used his utmost Efforts to excel in his Business, he humbly apprehends he
has so far succeeded, as not at this Day to require an Advertisement, did not
his Removal make it necessary. He has employed several of the best Hands for
manufacturing and cocking, and having settled a Correspondence in London, he
will be constantly supplied with the newest Fashions; he has also furnished
himself with a great variety of Feathers for Ladies Hats, which he will sell for
the smallest Profit; He begs Leave to return his sincere Thanks to the Nobility,
Gentry and others, who have hitherto honoured him with their Commands, and hopes
by his unwearied Endeavours, to merit a Continuance of their Favour.-- N.B. As
he imports all his own Materials he will be enabled to give great Encouragement
to those who buy to sell again.

MICHAEL CORMICK,
GOLDSMITH and JEWELLER.
WHO served his Apprenticeship  to the late Mr. William Walsh, of Christ
Church-yard, Dublin; and carried on Business for some Time past in said Yard,
has removed to the West Side of Parliament-street, next Door to Mr. Savage's,
and has always ready for Sale, great Variety of wrought Plate, Cha?ed and Plain
of his own Manufacture, and executed in the Newest Taste; variety of Diamond and
other Rings, and all Sorts of Goldsmiths and Jewellers Work, with Gold, Silver,
and Pinchbeck Watches.  He returns his most grateful Acknowledgments to the
Nobility and Gentry, his Friends and the Publick, for their kind Encouragement
since his Commencement in Business, and hopes by Selling at the very lowest
Prices, to merit a Continuance of the Favour he has already so much Experienced.
      N.B. He gives the highest Prices for old Watches, Jewels, Gold, Silver, or
Lace; and has several Pieces of good second hand Plate, which he will sell very
Reasonable.

      FOR LONDON
THE SUCCESS, Thomas Dunn, Commander, now taking in Goods at the
Batchelor's-walk, will sail the 10th of December next. As he takes in
Provisions, she can't stay one Day longer. For Freight apply to the Captain, on
the Custom-house-quay, or Alexander Montgomery and Son.

JOHN SEATON, Grocer,
(Formerly of Strand-street),
BEGS Leave to acquaint his Friends and the Publick, that he now carries on the
Grocery Business, by Wholesale and Retail, on Ormond-quay, four Doors from
Jervis-street, where he hopes for the Interest of his Friends and former
Customers.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

From Clare Champion - 23 September 1939, page 8

CLARE COUNTY BOARD OF HEALTH AND PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
--------------
VACANT COTTAGES
--------------
The above Board will, at their meeting to be held on Monday, 25th September,
1939, consider applications received through post, not later than 10 o'clock,
a.m. on that date, for the tenancy if the following cottages:-

  126, Crovraghan, formerly tenanted by John Moloney, Kildysart.
  127, Crovraghan, formerly tenanted by Michael Coffey, Kildysart.
  513, Creeveroe, formerly tenanted by William Robinson.
  IE.320, Bealaragga, Connolly, formerly tenanted by James Morey, Caretaker of
Croghane Burial Ground.

The persons appointed must enter into Bonds with solvent sureties for the
payment of rents and rates.

Applications to be endorsed "Cottage Tenant" and addressed to the Presiding
Chairman, Clare County Board of Health and Public Assistance, Co. Home, Ennis.

--------------

CARETAKER FOR A BURIAL GROUND REQUIRED

The above board will, on Monday, the 25th September, 1939, consider tenders
received (through post), not later than 10 o'clock, a.m. on that date for the
Caretaking of the Burial Ground at Croghane, in Meelick Rural District.

The person appointed must reside in the vicinity and keep the Burial Ground
clean and free from grass, weeds, etc.

Applications to be endorsed "Caretaker Croghane, Burial Ground" and addressed
to the Presiding Chairman, Clare County Board of Health and Public
Assistance, County Home, Ennis.

--------------

TO THE OWNERS OF LAND

The above Board will, on Monday, the 25th September, 1939, consider tenders
received (through post) not later than 10 o'clock, a.m. on that date for the
sale of 1 acre of land, situate in or near Crusheen, for use aas a Burial
Ground.

Persons tendering should state the lowest price they will accept and give
full particulars as to how held, etc.

The accepted site must be approved of by the Engineer and the County Medical
Officer of Health.

The Board do not bind themselves to accept the lowest or any tender

SEAN O'CHUINN,  Runaidhe,
Offices: County Home, Ennis.
Dated 12th day of September, 1939.

--------------

Jim McNamara
British Isles Newsletter Editor
http://www.rootsweb.com/~bifhsusa


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

CLARE PRIEST'S BEQUESTS

-------

Rev. Thomas Dillon, Ahaclare, Sixmilebridge, Co. Clare, lert £2,929.  He
bequeathed one-fourth of his property to his brother Edmond; one-fourth to the
Bishop of Salford; one-fourth to the Rev. John Descher for Masses, and the
remaining one-fourth as to £10 to Miss Devine if still in his service, and a
further
£20 between her and her niece, Agnes Clements, and the balance between his
brothers and sisters and Mgr. Nugent. V.G.  His will closes: "My blessing I give
to the whole world of mankind and my soul to God."

-------

COAL TO BE DEARER

Coal prices are expected to take a further jump in the next day or two.

Importers throughout the Twenty-Six Counties area have made representations
to the Prices Commission and the Minister for Supplies that they cannot
continue to sell coal at the present price - 2 - per ton in excess of the rate
decreed in the "standstill" order.

The ground for the increase, which will apply to the whole Twenty-Six County
area, is that freights have been considerably advanced owing to war risks.

-------

RELIGIOUS RECEPTIONS

Amongst a number of postulants who received the white veil and habit of the
Sisters-Servants of the Holy Ghost and Mary Immaculate, at Grand View Heights,
San Antonia, Texas, on  25th August, were: - Mary Teresa Garrahy (Sister Mary
Bartholomew), daughter of Martin and Mrs. Garrahy, Rockmount, Ennis; and
Claire Veronica Connellan (Sister Mary Winifred), daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James
Connellan, Limerick Road, Ennis.  The clothing ceremony was performed by the
Very Rev. John Ilg. O.F. M., Superior of
San Jose Missions.

-------

KEEP YOUR HEARTS AND LIGHTS UP for SUNDAY, 24th SEPTEMBER.
SPORTS and REGATTA at KILDYSART


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From Clare Champion - 23 September 1939, P8

--------

DEATH of  MR. ANTHONY KERIN, Craggaknock

We deeply regret to have to announce the death, which occurred on Friday, 8th
inst., at the age of 60 years, of Mr. Anthony Kerin, Craggaknock.

The sad event took place at the residence of his sister, Mrs. Neenan, Cascade
Lodge, Lissynealon, after a protracted illness, during which he was fortified
by all the consolations that the best medical and spiritual aid could provide.

Deceased, who belonged to one of the oldest and most respected families in
the district, had been prominently identified with cattle trade of his native
West Clare, during the greater part of his lifetime, and was a popular figure at
fairs and other venues of Agricultural interest.  His passing marks the
removal of a familiar and venerable landmark.

The remains were remove to St. Mary's Catholic Church, Mullagh, Saturday,
followed by a huge concourse of sympathisers, amply testifying to the esteem in
which deceased was held.

After Solemn Requiem Mass on Sunday, celebrated by Very Rev. P. O'Halloran,
P.P.,, Kilmurry Ibrackane (who also officiaaed [officiated] at the graveside)
assisted by the Very Rev. Fr. McNamara, P.P., Doonbeg, and Rev. Fr. Gunning,
C.C., Cooraclare.

The funeral, which was one of the largest and most representative seen in the
locality and many years, took place to the family burial ground at Clohanes,
amidst general manifestations of regret.

The chief mourners were: - Sinon and Thomas Kerin (brothers); Mrs. Neenan and
Mrs. Cullen (sisters); Mrs. D. McNamara, Kit Nellie, Hanna and Lily Neenan
(nieces); Thomas, Michael and Timothy Neenan,  Thomas and Jimmy Kerin, New York
(nephews); John Kerin, Joseph Moroney, P. Talty, James Walshe, Edward Walshe,
T. Talty, Lil Kerin and Mrs. Catherine Lynch (cousins).

Mass Cards were received from: - His loving brother, Sinon: Mrs. Neenan and
family; Mrs. McNamara and family: Katty and Thomas Tubridy: Nellie and Frank
O'Donnell; Nellie and Kit; Thos. Kerin, U.S.A.; Timothy Neenan, Detroit; Michael
Neena, New York; Margaret Kelly.

Acknowledgement

The family and relatives of the late Anthony Kerin avail of this opportunity
to thank sincerely all those who sympathised with them in their recent sad
bereavement, also those who sent Mass Cards and other expressions of sympathy,
and trust this will be accepted by them in grateful appreciation.

--------

"OUR BOYS"

--------

SPLENDID BIRTHDAY NUMBER

--------

A credit to the Christian Brothers of Ireland is the September issue of "Our
Boys," which marks the 25th year of  the existence of this beautifully
written, and highly instructive magazine.  On 14th September it entered its
second
half century.  Its first editor was Brother Weston and he set a mark on the
magazine that it never lost, and in it's recent triumphs he must have a share of
the credit.  In September, 1914, "Our Boys" made its first appearance as a
monthly magazine for the young, with the approbation and blessing of the saintly
Pontiff, Pius X, the Pope of the young.  It was warmly welcomed by the youth of
Ireland, who could now claim with pride that they possessed a paper of their
own.

The enthusiastic reception of the magazine from its commencement, ensured its
present day success, broke down all opposition, and confounded the dismal
pessimists who declared that a magazine of the sort, produced, printed and
published in Ireland was doomed to certain failure.  While still in its infancy,
the
new paper was called upon to have a danger more serious than the mere
pessimism of the weak hearted.  The conflagration of the Great War spread
throughout
Europe, with it came a general rise in the cost of living and the prices of
paper, printing, engraving, etc., became almost prohibitive.  But so strongly
had the sturdy young roots of "Our Boys" entwined themselves in the hearts of
Young Ireland, that the paper emerged from the struggle radiant and victorious.
To-day it ranks amongst the most brilliant publications and is a credit to all
connected with it.

Jim McNamara
British Isles Newsletter Editor
http://www.rootsweb.com/~bifhsusa


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850

BALLINA BENEVOLENT SOCIETY
      The Committee of the Benevolent Society have pleasure in submitting to the
Public for their inspection the report of their proceedings for the year 1849.
And they feel thankful that they have been enabled in some measure to carry out
an object as earnestly recommended and dearly cherished by some members of the
Institution who have passed away amongst us. We have been apprehensive for the
last three years that owing to the general outcry about the pressure of the
times, and oppressive poor rates, we would have been obliged to relinquish this
little effort to remove a small portion of that wretchedness, induced by extreme
poverty, with which we are surrounded. Unhappily the poor law, instead of
lessening the class of objects who in former years used to look to us for
assistance, appears to have increased them. The destitute room-keeper, whose
claims we advocate, clings to her miserable home with a tenacity that often
surprises us. She would rather endure any amount of suffering, than relinquish
it. To such, as far as our means will allow, we distribute articles of clothing,
and in times of sickness, milk and other nourishment. It remains for the
consideration of our subscribers whether they will continue their kind
assistance in carrying out the design of this society.
      Subscriptions will be thankfully received by the Rev. Arthur Moore,
Treasurer, or by any member of the Committee. The latter meet every Friday at
the "Ladies Society Room, for the encouragement of Industry," Knox's street.
                           COMMITTEE
      MRS. JOYNER  MRS. WHITTAKER
      MISS HUSTON  MISS FAUSSETT

                   Subscriptions for 1849.
Rev. J. Verschoyle..........................£1  0  0
From Birmingham Relief Fund..........  1  0  0
Rev. Arthur Moore..........................  1  0  0
Mrs. Bonham Carter, per Mrs Joyner 1 10 0
Lady Louisa Lees.............................. 0 10 0
Mrs. Kinkead.................................... 1  0  0
Mrs. Joyner....................................... 0 10 0
Mr. Wm. Malley................................ 0  5  0
Mrs. Whittaker.................................. 0 10 0
Mr. Moore, Cloth Hall......................  0 10 0
Mr. Little, Knox's street....................  0 10 0
Captain Hamilton, being a portion
of  Count Straletzski's grant for the
clothing of destitute children, and
applied by Miss Faussett to that object 5  0  0

                   CREDITOR'S ACCOUNT
Balance from preceding year........... £ 11  7  11
Subscriptions ..................................   13  5  0
Balance on hands                                  9 13 61/2

                   DEBTOR'S ACCOUNT
Paid Industrial Society for Flannel,
Drugget and Frieze..........................       £ 9 16  0
Poor women, for garments made by them. 1 12 0
Calicoes and materials for work                 4 15 6
Food for the sick                                       2 1  0
Milk for ditto............................................1 3 31/2
Turf.........................................................  6  3  9
Coverlets...................................................0 6 10
Sundries....................................................0  2   4
Shawls...................................................... 0 14 0
Tailor's Work...........................................       5 4
                                                           £ 21. 0. 4-1/2

   ARTICLES OF CLOTHING DISTRIBUTED
Of Flannel, Calicoes, &c........................          86
Garments to destitute children.................          76
                                                                       162

   RULES OF THE BALLINA BENEVOLENT
      SOCIETY ESTABLISHED JAN, 1844
I.- That a Society be formed, denominated "The Ballina and Ardnaree Indigent
Sick Room-Keeper's Society, or Benevolent Society."
II.- That the business of the Society be conducted by a Committee of Ladies,
with a Treasurer and Secretary; thence to from a quorum.
III. -That the lowest rate of subscription which shall entitle a person to
recommend to the Society for aid shall be Two Shillings and Sixpence; all such
recommendations, however, to be subject to the investigation and control of the
Committee.
IV.- That each subscriber be allowed to recommend to the full amount of the sum
subscribed.
V.- That in no one case shall relief be afforded by a grant of money, but that
it be confined to the articles of flannel and calico, clothing, straw, soap,
milk, flour and meal; and that these articles be supplied on subscriber's
tickets.
VI.- That an application be made to all persons interested in the welfare of the
poor of this town, to request their aid and co-operation to carrying the objects
of this Society into effect.
VII. Any subscribers not recommending to the amount of his or her subscription
before the month of March for the year it is given, the balance on hand shall be
at the disposal of the Committee.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850


THE ARMY
      The Athlone Military District is to be abolished instead of the Kilkenny,
and the following special service officers are to be reduced on the 21st March
next, viz.-
     Major-General Wemyes, at Athlone, and his Aide-de-Camp, Lieut. Wemyes, 46th.
      Colonel Sir Michael Creagh, Galway.
      Colonel Sir Charles O'Donnell, Kilkenny.
      Lieut. Colonel M'Arthur, Cavan.
      Colonel St. John Clerke, Belfast.
      Lieut.-Colonel Clarke, Kilkenny.
      The Athlone District is to be apportioned to Belfast, to Dublin and to
Limerick.
      Lt. Col. Williams, Assistant Adjutant-General, and Lt. Col Johnson,
Assistant Quartermaster, General, are to go to Kilkenny.
      One Calvary Regiment, two Infantry, and two Depots are to be taken from the
Irish command.

THE ARMY
      The 69th Light Infantry, replaces the 3d Buffs in Limerick garrison, in
March.
      The 31st moves from Athlone to Galway.
      At Leeds on Thursday afternoon the remains of trumpeter Mannauch, of the
Royal Horse Artillery, were consigned to their last resting place by his
companions in arms. A troop of the 1st Royal Dragoons, and the whole of the
Artillery, along with their band (which played the Dead March in Saul) attended.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850

     THE NEW YORK LINERS - Liverpool, Wednesday - We regret to state that the
accounts received this morning respecting the packet ship Hottinger, Captain
Bursley, are far from satisfactory; on the contrary, they hold out no hope of
the ship's escape, and what is still worse, it is feared that the captain and
part of his crew have lost their lives in their zeal and anxiety to try and save
the ship. A letter from the Receiver of Droits at Dublin (Mr. Walsh) to the
consignee, Messrs. Fielden, Brothers, was received here this morning. It is to
the following effect- that yesterday pieces of ship and cargo were drifted on
shore near Dublin. Her masts were still standing, but Mr. Walsh thought she must
go to pieces; four or five men were to be seen in the maintop. Every exertion
had been made by Captain Bursley to save life; and he, with twelve of his crew,
determined to remain as long as there was  a chance of doing so. Mr. Walsh's
informant feared that the captain and his crew on board had lost their lives, as
he could not hope they would be able to survive the gale and severity of the
previous night (Monday). The Guy Mannering is again in  dock, and does not make
much water.

      THE LOST AMERICAN PACKET SHIP - As Captain Bursley stood deservedly high in
the estimation of all who knew him, and as he was one of the oldest captains
frequenting our port, we have gleaned a few particulars of his life, which may
not be uninteresting to our readers. The gallant captain was born at Cape Cod,
Massachusetts, in the year 1798, and consequently was in his 53d year when he
died. He seems to have imbibed a desire for a maritime life from his infancy,
for before he was twelve years of age he entered the mercantile marine of the
Port of Boston, and so quick was his progress in his chosen profession that
before he attained his 21st year he commanded an East Indiaman, from Calcutta to
Boston. It is now upwards of twenty-one years since he first entered the Mersey
as Master of the Dover, a first class vessel of the original Boston line of
packet-ships, since when he has been a frequent visitor to our port. At a
subsequent period he became connected with the Black Bell or New York line, in
which he commanded the Silas Richards and the Orpheus, and afterwards the
Cambridge, belonging to the same line. It will be in the recollection of many of
our readers that the Cambridge was severely tried, as were also the nautical
skill and judgment of her commander, during the great gale of 1839. On that
occasion, Captain Bursley could not obtain a tug boat to tow him out of the
river, and when the storm arose in its violence and might, his ship slipped her
anchors and was driven on towards the Prince's pier. Every exertion was made by
both master and men to arrest the threatened destruction of the ship; trusses of
hay were lashed over her sides to protect her, hawsers were made fast where
available, and when every other inducement failed in procuring a steam-tug, the
commander excalimed with his accustomed liberality, "one thousand pounds for a
tug." But none would venture, so imminent was the peril. In this emergency the
remaining anchors were tried and as they held, the noble ship was preserved,
from becoming an immediate wreck. He has often experienced the hardships of a
seaman's life. About 14 years ago (in company with Captain Marshall, now of the
Republic) he was nearly wrecked in the Orpheus, on which occasion he had to put
back to this port for extensive repairs. Fifteen years ago his brother, then
captain of the Lyons, was lost off Port Butrick, where he was interred, and a
monument erected to his memory by the subject of this sketch. They now sleep in
death within 80 miles of each other. At the close of his career with the Black
Bell line he took an active part in the organization of Fielden's line, to which
he has since belonged, as master of the Hottinger , a fine vessel, about seven
or eight years old. No better sailor left this port; and it is affirmed of him,
that no man knew the Channel better than he did; and therefore the cause of the
calamity referred to remains a mystery at present. We believe that he intended
that this, if successful, should have been his last trip; and that he felt
delighted at the prospect of enjoying in ease and happiness, amidst his friends
and in the bosom of his family, that otium cum dignitate to which a long,
laborious and well spent life eminently entitled him. The deceased was highly
esteemed by all who had the pleasure of his acquaintance as a sincere friend, an
honest man, and a good Christian. He has left a wife and children to mourn his
loss. -- Liverpool Albion.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850

     At Tuam Petty Sessions on Monday, the Lord Bishop of Tuam, and Thos.
Brerton, Esq., R.M., presiding, a poor man summoned Mr. Edward Concannon,
Poor-rate Collector, for having exacted from him, 1s. costs, in addition to his
poor rate of two pounds. A man having proved that no distress had been made on
his property, the bench fined the collector 3s, being treble the sum exacted,
and 1l. costs.

      Wednesday last eight vessels with foreign bread stuffs arrived at Cork.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

I am looking for any information on the Descendants of John Torpey
(1822 -1889,and his wife Ellen Moynaghan (1856-1926)in
Ballynacally,CO.Clare.  I would also like to know if there in an
information on the Black and Tan movement in that area in the 1920's.
  My father, Bertram Mcnamara, was in the movement and spent time in
jail. Bertram McNamara (1900 - 1967) came to America in the late 1920's)

  On my mother's side, I am looking for information on the Dillions of
Cooga beginning with MIchael P. Dillon (1856 -1936), his wife,
Margaret Crowe (1867 - 1920)  They had nine children, May, Angela,
Emily, Lilly, William, John, Josephine, Rose (my mother who came to
America in the late 1920') and Gerard (who went to Australia in the
early 1920's).

THE CONNAUGHT JOURNAL
Galway, MONDAY, AUGUST 2, 1824

ENNIS ASSIZES - JULY 28
ACQUITTAL OF JOHN HYNES
      John Hynes was put to the bar, charged with the murder of John Rafferty, at
Kilfenora, by striking him with a metal weight on the head, and knocking him
down, and when down by inflicting several bruises on his head and body, of which
he languished from the 18th of February until the 14th of March following.
      A memorial was handed to the Judge imploring his Lordship to order legal
assistance to the prosecutor, whose poverty precluded him from procuring it
himself. His Lordship gave the conducting of the case to Mr. M. Greene, with
directions to employ Counsel.
      Daniel Rafferty, father to the deceased, sworn.
      I recollect the night of the 18th of February last; I was that night at the
house of John Hynes, at new Quay; John Rafferty was also in the house; John
Hynes came into the room where we were working and without speaking, he struck
John Rafferty with something that I cannot swear to, which knocked him down; I
am certain John Hynes had something in his hand; I saw my son dragged on the
ground by Hynes after he was down; I was knocked down myself twice by John
Hynes; my son was never well since, and he was never in better health than when
John Hynes struck him; he never could keep his spittle in his mouth since.
      Cross-examined by Counsellor O'Loughlin.
      I cannot say how long after Christmas this occurred: I am certain, though,
it was a week and three days before Candlemas day; it was on the Friday of the
last Assizes week that my son died; it was at the New-Quay the occurrence took
place, and my son died at Kilfenora, 14 miles distant; he had the ????? of
working at Kilfenora, for three days after he was struck, but he could not work;
my son was not subject to fits; I don't know what paralytic is; John Boland, my
son and I were working as hacklers on the garret at John Hynes house, on the
same morning that my don was beat; Mrs. Hynes came in and said she had not
sufficient produce from the flock we dressed; I said that it was well and proper
dressed, and she thought from what I said that I took her short;- and she was
scolding all the evening ,and seemed to be anxious to pick a quarrel; I never
offered to settle this business with any person; I would not settle it; I cannot
say any thing to Mrs. Haynes's advantage; my son and I slept at a man's named
Salmon on the night we were beat; we did not tell at Salmon's that night that we
were beat, because they were in bed; had no conversation with Salmon that night;
nor did I, or my son, go to Hynes's the next day for our wage; Boland did go,
but we did not, for we durst not; Mr. Brew, the Magistrate, did not offer to
send a Coroner to hold an Inquest, nor did we refuse him; we sent for a Coroner,
and he did not come; my son lay down a few days after, and remained so until he
died, which was in about a month.
      By the Court - I don't know with what Hynes struck myself.
      John Boland sworn.
      Recollects Rafferty being beat by John Hynes, but does not know with what
he struck him; he knocked him down; Rafferty was in good health the day he was
struck by Hynes.
DEFENCE.
      Surgeon Murray was called but did not answer. A considerable delay arose
from his absence, as the prisoner's Counsel said, they depended, in a great
measure, on his evidence, to show, that the deceased did not come by his death
in consequence of a beating or violence of any kind.
     Mr. William Cannon sworn,
      I was at Mr. John Hynes's house on the night stated in the indictment; I
was sitting with Mr. Hynes in the parlour; we were drinking punch about nine
o'clock, because we dined late, having been at the Bishop's auction; we heard a
great noise up stairs; I desired Mr. Hynes to leave it among the women; Hynes
then remained some time, but the noise continuing, he went up and remained about
a quarter of an hour away; on his return I heard him say, if they were worth his
notice he would kick the rascals (meaning the flax-dressers) out; there was no
person dragged down stairs, or I would have heard it; the flax-dressers demanded
their wages when they were outside the door, and Mr. Hynes said he would not
give it to them till next morning; I saw Boland the next morning come for his
wages; Mr. Hynes, on my remark, staid below, but on the continuance of the
noise, he went up, and turned the flax-dressers outside the door; Mr. Hynes was
not in a great passion when he returned; he took no weapon with him; there were
no scales or weights in the way.
      Thady Salmon proved that Rafferty and his son came to his house about
eleven o'clock at night and asked for lodgings; his wife let them in, and they
were talking with witness for some time that night; they told him that they had
some little difference with Mrs. Hynes about flax; that Mr. Hynes warned them to
go out, and that the old Rafferty fell as he was coming out of the house; they
eat potatoes and herrings at his place the next morning; and two of them went to
Mr. Hynes's for their wages; John Rafferty eat his breakfast, and carried his
hackles on his back; he did not complain at being being beat by Hynes.
      Patrick Minogue sworn.
      John Rafferty and the other two slept at his house the night after they
slept at Salmon's; they dressed a quantity of flax for the witness; saw John
Rafferty at work; witness's wife asked John Rafferty why he did not come the
year before, as she had been waiting for him; the answer he made was that half
of him was dead from a paralytic affection; he saw the deceased working at his
house, the day after the Bishop's goods were selling off by auction; did not
hear them complain of being beat by Mr. Hynes.
      James Picford examined.
      Recollectors when Rafferty was sick at Kilfenora his father said, in
witness's defence, that his son was very ill, and that he had a bad chance, as
it was the fifth or sixth time he was ill of the falling sickness; never heard
Rafferty say that Mr. Hynes beat him, but that Mr. Hynes and he disagreed, and
that he was very sorry to lose her custom.
      His Lordship summed up the evidence, and gave it as his opinion that there
was not sufficient to substantiate even the charge of Manslaughter, and the
issue having been handed to the Jury, they instantly ACQUITED the prisoner,
which occasioned general satisfaction.
      [The prosecutor, Daniel Rafferty, (who was an old man, with a northern
accent,) whilst under examination by the Grand Jury, was seized with epilepsy,
which excited very general commiseration.]
      When the verdict was given in, his Lordship took occasion to remark, with a
degree of warmth, on the conduct of the Coroners and Magistrates of the County,
who, he conceived, were guilty of a highly culpable dereliction of duty in the
present case; the former for not having instituted an inquiry into the
circumstances of the deceased's death - and the latter for not having taken
greater pains to furnish every assistance to the prosecutor towards the case
more fully investigated than it now was.
     Counsellor O'Loghlin said, that he had been prepared to prove, by the most
respectable evidence, that the want of an Inquest was in consequence of the
declaration of deceased's family, in three days after his death, to a
Magistrate, that it was caused by natural circumstances. Mr. O'L. further
stated, that he held in his hand documents to shew that the Memorials, from
which his Lordship deduced his opinion on those points, and which were false,
unfounded and malicious, proceeded from an infamous and malignant source and
were made with the view of extracting a trifling sum of money from the accused
Gentleman and his friends.
      Tomkins Brew, Esq stated that he was ready to prove his having offered to
cause a Coroner's Inquest to be held on the body of the deceased, but it was
peremptorily refused by the father and family.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

New York Times
New York, New York
July 4, 1880

PICTURES OF IRISH LIFE
THE FIGHT OF THE PEASANTRY AGAINST THE LANDLORDS
LAND-OWNER HUNTED DOWN BY PEASANTS- HE SHOOTS ONE AND BARELY SAVES HIS OWN LIFE-
MRS. MURPHY'S METHOD - THE PERIL OF THE SCANDALMONGER

     DUBLIN, June 20 - The fierce determination of the Irish peasantry to prevent
the reletting of farms from which tenants have been evicted for non-payment of
rent manifests itself in various forms almost every day. A recent illustration
of this temper is seen in the case in which a landlord, in self-defense, shot
dead one of a violent crowd of peasants who attacked him. The true story of this
fatal shooting, as told at the Coroner's inquest, is substantially this: Mr.
Henry B. Acheson is the owner of some landed property in the County of Leitrim.
A year and a half ago, while Mr. Acheson was a minor, a tenant was evicted from
a farm of five acres on this property. There was a good deal of trouble about
the farm and the result was that it was "condemned"- that is to say, general
public "warning" was given to all whom it might concern not to take the farm,
which soon became a waste. The fence which marked its bounds gradually
disappeared, and of late it was a sort of "common" on which derelict donkeys and
goats and cattle of neighbors browsed at will. Mr. Acheson, having recently
attained the age of 21 years, resolved to do something toward rescuing the
"condemned" farm from the melancholy condition of ruin and decay into which it
had fallen. The first thing he resolved to do was to restore the fence. For this
purpose he visited the land with some laborers, the party being accompanied by
18 of the Royal Irish Constabulary. The laborers had been a short time at work
building fences on the farm, which is situated on a bed of picturesque valley
lying at the foot of the Leitrim Mountains, when two gun-shots were heard at
some distance. The head constable in charge of the little party of Police went
up a neighboring hill to reconnoitre, and immediately 2,000 men, women, and
children swarmed over the slopes and descended rapidly into the valley. The men
were armed with guns, pitchforks, spades, shovels and sticks, and the women and
children carried stones. When this host came within a short distance of Mr.
Acheson and his men, some one in the crowd shouted, "Now boys, take close
quarters." The men closed in and rushed on Acheson and the laborers. The Police
endeavored to intercept the charge of the multitude, but they were swept aside;
several of the advanced men rushed up to Acheson, and one of them made a thrust
at him with a fork. The head constable, seeing that his little force was
powerless to protect Acheson, proposed to withdraw that gentleman and his
laborers from the scene. The laborers ran away under a volley of stones. Acheson
himself, who held a revolver in his hand, seems to have suddenly lost nerve, for
notwithstanding the advice of the Police to hold his ground, he jumped over a
fence and took to his heels. He ran with his life in his hand, for an infuriated
multitude were pursuing him; several shots were fired at him, and showers of
large stones whizzed through the air. After he had run about a mile a few of his
pursuers were closing upon him. One man, who carried a pitchfork, was gaining at
every step. Previous to this he had discharged three shots from his revolver
into the crowd, and he fired a fourth shot straight at the man who was almost
close enough to use his fork. That man fell mortally wounded, and died soon
after. He was a small farmer named Meehan, holding a dozen acres of land, but
was in no way connected with the Acheson's property. He appears to have gone
with the rest of "the boys" on principle, to resist the refencing of the
"condemned" farm. The car on which Acheson and his men had come to the ground
was overturned in a dike. The Police pulled it out, and on it two of them
followed the fleeing landlord, whom they overtook soon after he had shot Meehan.
He was quite exhausted, and most likely, would soon have been overtaken by the
crowds that gathered in upon him from all sides. The Police took him up on the
car, and drove at full speed to the nearest Police station, thus saving his
life, which, beyond doubt, would have been taken on the spot by the multitude in
revenge for the killing of the man Meehan. The Coroner's jury, impaneled to say
how Meehan came by his death, gave in a verdict that he died from a pistol-shot
wound inflicted upon him by Henry B. Acheson. They declined to add the the shot
was fired under provocation or in self-defense, his life being in danger.
Acheson was taken into custody, and, of course, will be tried for the homicide.
      Another illustration of the prevailing determination on the part of the
peasantry to "hold on to the land" at all hazards has lately been furnished.
This time a woman is the chief actor. All through this struggle women have been
very prominent in the lawless transactions by which it is marked. A landlord
named Joynt, not being able to procure a suitable tenant for his farm, near
Ballina, County Mayo, placed a man named Murphy in possession as caretaker pro
tem. Murphy, it appears, recently went to America, leaving Mrs. Murphy and "the
childer" in possession of Joynt's farm. Joynt thought he'd like to try and work
his farm on his own account, but there was an obstacle in the way in the shape
of Mrs. Murphy and family. Mrs. Murphy resolved to do as she saw a great many
others doing with more or less success. She refused to quit the farm. Being in
possession, she had the proverbial "nine points of the law" on her side. The
landlord took the prescribed expensive and tedious measures to eject her. He
obtained an ejectment decree, but it wasn't duly served on Mrs. Murphy, because
of the difficulty of procuring a bailiff to discharge this humble, but just now
eminently dangerous legal function in Ireland. The law's delay seems to have
upset Joynt's temper. He called on Mrs. Murphy and not finding her in left a
message for her with one of the young Murphys to the effect (as alleged by the
latter) that he would shoot the whole lot if they didn't clear out by the next
morning. Soon after this he called again. Mrs. Murphy was in, and received him
very warmly. She slammed the door in his face, and informed him, through the
chinks in it, with the blessing of Providence, she intended to hold the place
until such time as Mr. Murphy returned from exile. In his efforts to force in
the door, Joynt broke some windows, whereupon Mrs. Murphy, incensed at this
destruction of property, came out and chastised Joynt about the had with a pair
of tongs. This matron, though being enciente with her seventh child, corrected
Joynt so very vigorously that he has now a severed artery in his head and a more
or less fractured skull. The doctors can't yet say what will come of his wounds.
Meantime, Mrs. Murphy has been arrested, awaiting events.
      When a man goes voluntarily or under compulsion into the witness chair in
one of our courts, he must take his chance of having his whole private life
turned inside out, although this operation has no more bearing upon the case at
issue than the life and adventures of Dick Turpin. This fact has been painfully
realized by one who, until recently, was a prominent, popular Irish politician.
A telegraph clerk, who was tried yesterday at the Dublin Criminal Court, and was
convicted of revealing the contents of a telegram which was sent during the late
election in the interest of one Edward St. John Brenon, the politician referred
to, who aspired to a seat in Parliament. Mr. Brenon took his seat in the witness
chair, and in due time prisoner's counsel went at him, forcing the
cross-examination. He succeeded in firing upon the witness the authorship of
some essays on Dublin society which very much disturbed the town. They appeared
in the London magazine called Mayfair, under the title of "The Morals of
Merrion-square" - one of our very fashionable quarters. The writer of these
spicy essays told his readers, in effect, that so far as the upper classes (with
the habits of which he professed to be intimately acquainted) were concerned,
Irish virtue was all political moonshine; for that, in fact, the "social morals"
of the maids, and the matrons, too, of Merrion-square were of the freest and
easiest. He implicates fashionable doctors and their fashionable patients, warm
blooded dowagers and frisky Judges, and declares that cuckold husbands may be
counted by the dozens in Merrion-square. These delightfully naughty essays were,
of course, strongly condemned, and, of course, also, were extensively read in
Merrion-square, where, no doubt, the residents of every house took it that they
referred to the residents of every house in the square but their own. The
learned counsel who was piteously dissecting the witness read the following
elegant extract as a specimen: "Flirtations, intrigues, courtships, and scandal
mingle in joyous revelry, sometimes even to abandonment, and notwithstanding the
virtue for which the daughters of the Green Isle are celebrated, many an
incident occurs that a certain esprit de pays obliges the natives to smother."
The scandal is stirred up afresh by the sudden revelation of the talented author
of the essays; Dublin society is shocked and outraged, and several
horsewhippings are said to be arranged for the unearthed litterateur. But what
all this has to say to the trial of the telegraph clerk is one of those things
which it is not given to laymen to understand. Lawyers say it "goes to the
credit of the witness; " they are very jealous of this ancient professional
privilege of turning a man or woman inside out on "cross-examination" if they
catch him or her giving evidence "at the other side" in the simplest case. If
the learned Judge who presides attempts to limit the personal inquisition to
some period short of the entire span from the cradle to old age, the learned
counsel flies into a passion; raves about the duty of an advocate toward his
client, and declares with appropriate action, that no power on earth shall ever
prevent him from fearlessly discharging it to the best of his humble ability,
&c. But the learned Judge seldom interferes in such cases; he usually slides out
of the trouble by magnanimously "leaving it to the discretion of counsel," who,
accordingly, hacks away remorselessly at the reputation of his helpless victim.
One would say there is room for law reform here.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/
Joynt / Joint Family Chronicles
http://www.celticcousins.net/joynt/

BALLINA CHRONICLE
Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
Wednesday, January 30, 1850

WHAT IS TO BE DONE WITH OUR CONVICTS?
(From the Daily News)
      What is to be done with our convicts? When the doors of all our other
colonies were shut in their faces, it was believed that an asylum had been
opened to them at Swan River. But, no. The Western Australians have been thrown
into a fever of indignation on learning that their colony is to be made a penal
settlement.
      We will not be accused by those who are in the habit of perusing our
columns, of lightly estimating the evil of a convict immigration, or of lacking
sympathy with a non-penal colony which resists any attempt to convert it into a
receptacle for convicts. But we must be allowed to have a laugh at the virtuous
indignation of the Western Australians.
      In February, 1849, they petitioned the Home Government to make their colony
"a regular penal settlement." In November 1849, the Western Australians cannot
find words to express their indignation on learning that their colony has been
converted into a penal settlement. The reason is, that when they prayed the Home
Government to send them convicts, they also prayed them to endow it with the
"necessary government establishment and expenditure, the whole cost of the
transmission, maintenance, and superintendence of all such convicts as may be
transported hither being borne of course by the home Government." Ministers,
like the heathen diety of old, have
        ______ "Granted half their prayer,
       The other half dispersed in empty air."
      The convicts have been, or are to be sent, but not the money.

Cathy Joynt Labath
Ireland Old News
http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/

And the convicts continued to be sent until the 1890s so that when I was a
girl in the fifities there were former convicts still alive in the West.
This is of interest as currently  I am looking at the efforts of people in
Tasmania to stop transportation in the 1840s and early 50s...
Susan
-----

>
> BALLINA CHRONICLE
> Ballina, Mayo, Ireland
> Wednesday, January 30, 1850
>
> WHAT IS TO BE DONE WITH OUR CONVICTS?
> (From the Daily News)
>      What is to be done with our convicts? When the doors of all our other
> colonies were shut in their faces, it was believed that an asylum had been
> opened to them at Swan River. But, no. The Western Australians have been
thrown
> into a fever of indignation on learning that their colony is to be made a
penal
> settlement.
>      We will not be accused by those who are in the habit of perusing our
> columns, of lightly estimating the evil of a convict immigration, or of
lacking
> sympathy with a non-penal colony which resists any attempt to convert it
into a
> receptacle for convicts. But we must be allowed to have a laugh at the
virtuous
> indignation of the Western Australians.
>      In February, 1849, they petitioned the Home Government to make their
colony
> "a regular penal settlement." In November 1849, the Western Australians
cannot
> find words to express their indignation on learning that their colony has
been
> converted into a penal settlement. The reason is, that when they prayed
the Home
> Government to send them convicts, they also prayed them to endow it with
the
> "necessary government establishment and expenditure, the whole cost of the
> transmission, maintenance, and superintendence of all such convicts as may
be
> transported hither being borne of course by the home Government."
Ministers,
> like the heathen diety of old, have
>        ______ "Granted half their prayer,
>       The other half dispersed in empty air."
>      The convicts have been, or are to be sent, but not the money.
>
> Cathy Joynt Labath
> Ireland Old News
> http://www.IrelandOldNews.com/
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>