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Lynching at Clapp's Factory, 09 JUN 1900


"...Some of the jurors [in the 1912 trail of four men for the lynching
of T. Z. McELHANEY], several of whom were middle-aged or older, might
have recalled a lynching that took place near Clapp's Factory in 1900.
  Many of the townspeople must have remembered it.  Certainly Judge
Price GILBERT, who was solicitor of the Chattahoochee Circuit at the
time the lynching took place, would have recalled it.  So would
Solicitor George PALMER, most likely.

"It happened in June, the lynching month in Columbus.  The victim was
Simon ADAMS, 19, a black farm laborer who had worked for Judge A. H.
ALMOND in northern Muscogee County for three years.  The ALMOND family
was widely known in Columbus.  ALMOND was, in reality, a farmer who
was a justice of the peace in the Nances District.  His 17-year-old
daughter, Jessie, attended St. Elmo Institute in town, and there were
a 10-year-old daughter and a teen-age[d] son as well.

"In the first hour of Saturday, June 9, ADAMS was [allegedly]
discovered trying to slip through a window into the bedroom of
ALMOND's daughters.  Jessie ALMOND was [supposedly] awakened by the
sound of ADAMS' foot striking the floor by the window.  She sent up an
alarm.  The girls fled from the room and ALMOND [allegedly] discovered
ADAMS hiding in a closet in the girls' bedroom.  [Transcriber's note:
  this man never had a trial and nor an opportunity to either tell his
side of the story publicly or defend himself.  Because the accused is
presumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law, according to
the principals of our system of Justice in America, it would be unfair
to portray this man as guilty of any crime. - jml]  He was bound, at
gunpoint, and a heavy iron chain was secured around his neck.  At some
time after first light, he was started along Hamilton Road toward
Columbus 'in the hands of a trustworthy keeper,' not named but
presumably ALMOND's teenage[d] son.

"As reported in The Enquirer-Sun, it was initially understood that at
Denson's store in Beallwood, ADAMS was seized by unnamed parties and
hurried westward across the country, through Beallwood back of the
YOUNG place, to the North Highlands woods by the Chattahoochee River,
where he was lynched.

"'It is said,' reported The Enquirer-Sun, 'that the Negro was thrown
into the water at a rather swift place in the river and was told to
swim for his life.  It is understood that the iron chain was still
around his neck, but notwithstanding this fact, he managed to keep
above the water for a short while.  As he struggled out in the stream
the party fired at him.  He was wounded, but began to dive.  It is
said that his last dive was some ten feet.  As he came up this time,
he is said to have been shot in the head, a bullet from a Winchester
entering near the ear.  He then sank to come to the top no more.  The
shot evidently killed him.  It is possible that the chain will not be
of sufficient weight to keep the body down, and that it will rise in
the next day or two.'

"Subsequently, although The Enquirer-Sun appears to have been able to
substantiate its version of the lynching, it was learned that ADAMS
was not taken by the lynchers from Denson's Store, but had been turned
over to a Muscogee County bailiff for escort to town.  The
Enquirer-Sun's reporter tracked down the bailiff and asked him what
happened.  (Where the bailiff's comments are in italics [in
*asterisks*], they are based on extensive indirect quotations recorded
by the newspaper reporter.)

"The bailiff said he had been at Denson's Store in Beallwood at around
8 o'clock on Saturday morning when he received instructions to go get
ADAMS and carry him to jail in Columbus.  The bailiff said he was told
that ADAMS was over on the edge of the North Highlands woods, just
west of the River Road.

"*I went there and found the Negro with two or three persons about
him,* the bailiff said.  *A boy seemed to have him in charge.  The boy
asked me if I were an officer, and I told him that I was, and the
Negro was turned over to me.  I got in the wagon and began driving it
through the woods toward the North Highlands pavilion.*

"At this point the reporter interrupted and asked the bailiff why he
did not go straight down the River Road to town instead of cutting
through the woods.  The bailiff said it was his idea to go around by
North Highlands so as not to attract attention and slip his prisoner
safely into the city.  The reporter noted that the road the bailiff
had chosen would have led only to the vicinity of the pavilion and
stopped.  [By 1908, there was an area known as North Highlands Park,
and this pavilion may have been a feature of the park. - jml]

"The bailiff said that, at that point, he was overtaken by a crowd of
men who drew Winchester rifles on him and forced him to surrender his
prisoner.

"The Sun reporter asked him how many men had been in the lynching
party.

"*I don't know,* the bailiff replied, grinning.  *At that moment,
every man looked like three.*

"Asked if he knew any of the men, the bailiff said:

"*I didn't recognize anybody.  I was more concerned with the guns
than
with the men behind them.*

"It is not known if ADAMS' body was ever found, or if there was any
effort on the part of local authorities to pursue the case.  The only
eyewitness who would talk was a black woman who had seen a group of
white men early that morning at the point where Clapp's Creek empties
into the Chattahoochee.  She saw the men stop and take off their
coats.  Something in their manner frightened her and she ran.  She did
not see ADAMS.  Later that day, someone reported having heard 15 to 20
gunshots from the direction of the North Highlands woods.  That
afternoon, about 20 empty shotgun, rifle and pistol shells were found
on an island near Clapp's Factory.  If these shells had anything to do
with the lynching of Simon ADAMS, we do not know for certain.

"There is much about the death of Simon ADAMS that we may never know,
just as there is much we may never know about the deaths of Jesse
SLATON, Will MILES, William CORNAKER, the Rev. Joseph HARDY, John
CRUTCHFIELD, Belle HATHAWAY, Eugene HEMMING, John MOORE and all the
rest of the victims of mob violence in the Columbus area and
throughout the South and the nation.

"However, by a curious stroke of fortune - it is preserved on a fading
and rarely consulted strip of microfilm in the morgue of The
Ledger-Enquirer - we know the name of the bailiff who had charge of
the prisoner in the North Highland[s] woods that brilliantly clear
Saturday morning, June 9, 1900.

"It was A[aron] B[rewster] LAND."

[Excerpted from "Incident at Wynn's Hill, Part Seven: Tale Passes Into
Memory," by Bill Winn, in the "Columbus, GA, Ledger-Enquirer"
newspaper, Saturday, 31 JAN 1987, pp. A-1 and A-4.  A. Brewster LAND
was my great-grandfather. - jml]

Hi all,

I've been working on another link for the Muscogee County page "Heritage - Home
and Industry".  On the following http://www.rootsweb.com/~gamuscog/heritage.html
is a link to Heritage Park.  http://www.rootsweb.com/~gamuscog/Hertiage_Park.htm
At this time, I have only taken pictures of the Mill Section and the Clapp
Factory Plaque.  Please check back later as I will be adding other pictures.

kemis

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I have recently transcibed a list of farmers in Muscogee County, GA,
in 1884 (from the city directory of Columbus, GA).  The list actually
appears to be a list of owners of agricultural land in the county,
probably based on the tax rolls.

Included on this list is the Columbus Manufacturing Company with 630
acres, valued at $12,600, served by the Columbus Post Office.
Although there are several partnerships included on the list, this
appears to be the only corporation.  Inclusion on the list suggests
that the land was primarily designated for agricultural use (although
not entirely, as this acreage evidently included the Clapp's Factory
village and the mill site itself).  The Columbus Manufacturing Company
likely either rented the land out for cultivation or employed
individuals to farm it.  Perhaps cotton was grown on it that was then
processed into cloth and thread in the mill.  Farmers who appear near
Clapp's Factory on the census records, 1840-80, and are renting their
farmsteads may have been renting from the Columbus Factory (prior to
the War) and/or the Columbus Manufacturing Company (following it).

This illuminates another possible facet of the enterprise that
generated revenue for the Clapp's Factory's owners and made up a
segment of the Clapp's Factory community.

John

Dr. John William CAMERON (15 APR 1837 GA-16 OCT 1894), m. ca. 1865 to
Catherine Ann Frances SMITH (07 SEP 1844 prob. Harris Co, GA- 29 MAR
1906), daughter of William T. & Amanda (MOORE) SMITH of Harris Co.
John and Frances are both buried in Linwood Cemetery.  In 1880, this
couple and five children (Anna 13, Amanda 11, Hattie 9, Emma 5, and
Stanford 2) appear on p. 508A in the Clapp's Factory community,
Nances
District, Muscogee Co, GA.  I am wondering if Dr. CAMERON was the
physician specifically for this community?  Frances' sister Ada
SMITH
m. 1875 in Harris Co, GA, to John May DIFFLEY, whose widowed mother
Louisa Jane (WADE) DIFFLEY appears with several of her children on p.
510B at Clapp's Factory in 1880.

I am hoping to learn more about Dr. CAMERON's practice, especially
during the time he was residing at Clapp's Factory.

Also, I haven't been able to locate Ada (SMITH) DIFFLEY and her
husband on the 1880 census.  Her mother Amanda died in 1871, but her
father William lived until 1903 - I have not located him in 1880
either.  I have found all of Ada's surviving siblings that year -
several unmarried sisters are living with an aunt in Columbus, and
another unmarried sister is in the household of their sister Frances
(SMITH) CAMERON and her husband John, but Ada's whereabouts remain a
mystery.

John

The Columbus Factory Guards, 1863-64

The 19th Battalion, Georgia Infantry, State Guards  -  also known as
"Thompson's Guard," "City Guard Battalion (Columbus)," and the "1st
Muscogee Battalion" -  was formed in July or August 1863, with
Lieutenant Colonel D. B. THOMPSON in command, to serve as a local
defense unit for the City of Columbus and Muscogee County for six
months.  It appears that some of the men in this unit later joined the
1st City Battalion Infantry, State Guards (see below).  The companies
of the 19th Battalion, all formed in Muscogee County and serving
there, were as follows:

Company A:   Eagle Guards, Co. A - Capt. Samuel R. JAQUES
Company B:   Eagle Guards, Co. B  - Capt. William L. SHERMAN
Company C:   Rail Road Guards – Capt. James M. BIVINS and
                                 Capt. J. E. APPLER
Company D:   Grant Factory Guards  - Capt. John J. GRANT
Company E:   Columbus Factory Guards  -  Julius J. CLAPP
Company F:   Muscogee Guards -  Julius BRANDS

D. B. THOMPSON, who had stepped down from the office of Mayor of
Columbus in 1861 to enter the service as a Major and who separated as
a Lieutenant Colonel, is perhaps Dester Booth THOMPSON, MAR 1823-1869
(son of D. B. & Louise W. (BOOTH) THOMPSON), interred at Linwood
Cemetery.  Also at Linwood is Isabel JACQUES (Mrs. S. R.), 02 JUN 1845
Powhattan Co, VA-10 AUG 1869 Macon, Bibb Co, GA (daughter of D. C. &
Mrs. E. A. ROGERS). Samuel R. JACQUES is not mentioned in my listing
of Linwood graves.  As Major, he commanded the 1st City Battalion
Infantry, State Guards -  also known as the "1st City Battalion (of
Columbus)" or "Ja[c]ques' Battalion of Reserves."

By the time the Enrollment Act, dated April 16, 1862, had established
a conscription (or draft) for service in the Confederate military,
most of the able-bodied men had volunteered for regular service and
had been sent to the front lines or elsewhere to fight.  As a result,
the Home Guard (referred to by some as the Decrepits) was made up
principally of men too old and boys too young to enter the regular
service.  (Prior to the institution of child labor reforms in the
early Twentieth Century, it was not unusual for children as young as
eight or nine years old to begin working, either on farmsteads or in
factories.  This was probably more common among the less privileged
classes.)

However, on April 21 of that year, the Confederate Congress enacted an
amendment exempting from regular service specific classes of persons.
  These included (among others) superintendents and operatives in
cotton and woolen factories.  The act was modified on October 9, 1862
to include special details from the army to perform certain types of
skilled labor, which was considered to be a class of exemption from
regular service.  The first details of this nature were for the
manufacture of shoes, but the scope was extended to include (among
other fields) contractors and their employees furnishing arms or
supplies to the state or the Confederacy, factory owners, shoemakers,
millers, tanners, and blacksmiths.  These services on the home front
were considered vital to supporting the war effort.  [This information
appears in an excerpt from "Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama",
by Walter L. Fleming and from the ORs of the War of the Rebellion, as
cited 23 JUL 2000 by Michael Lee Busby <Mbusby3237@...> of
Ohatchee, AL, on the Rootsweb message board for Fayette Co, AL
(archived at: http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/?list=ALFAYETT ).]

So some able-bodied soldiers were detailed to work at the factories to
keep them operating at full capacity and to help protect them.  An
example of this is Eli Fountain DAVIDSON, who had been born 16 NOV
1845 at Summerville in Russell Co, AL.  DAVIDSON entered service at
Columbus in July of 1863 as a Private in Captain JENKINS'
Regiment.
He continued with this unit until January of 1864, when he was
detailed as a wool carder at Clapp's Factory, where he remained
until
the close of the war in April, 1865.  [This information is per the
1907 Alabama census of Confederate Veterans; DAVDISON was residing in
Lee County, AL, at that time.]

This appears to have been the purpose of the companies of the 19th
Battalion.  The Eagle Mill was already in operation by 1852, when the
Eagle Manufacturing Company incorporated.  In April 1860, this outfit
bought out the Howard Factory (begun 1847), which it integrated into
its Eagle Mills operation in Columbus.  Apparently, these were the
facilities to which Companies A and B were assigned to work and
protect.  The Coweta Factory (begun 1844), also in Columbus, had been
operated by the Coweta Manufacturing Company, but by March of 1861 had
been acquired by Daniel and John J. GRANT and became known as the
Grant Factory.  Company D was evidently detailed to this mill.
Company E was detailed at the Columbus Factory (popularly known as
Clapp's Factory), several miles above Columbus.  Company C
evidently
guarded the railroad infrastructure in and around Columbus and perhaps
operated and maintained the railroads as well.  Company F may have
been assigned to generally guard the industrial facilities in the
Muscogee County vicinity (the Muscogee Manufacturing Company was not
formed until 1867, on the site occupied by the Grant Factory during
the War).

Julius J. CLAPP (b. ca. 1840), who was captain of Columbus Factory
Guards, was probably a nephew or cousin of Julius Rowe CLAPP
(1808-1876), part owner and operations manager of the Clapp's
Factory.
  In 1880, Julius J. (age 40) is listed as a music teacher, heading a
household on p. 689C in Columbus.  During the war, he was active in
Clapp's Factory business affairs, as evidenced by his
correspondence
with the Georgia Quartermaster's office.  The roster for his
company
follows.  I have biographical data on several of the men in this unit
and am interested in obtaining family information and background on as
many of these soldiers as possible, as some of them or their family
members likely are buried in the Clapp's Factory Cemetery.

Company E:  "Columbus Factory Guards"  -  Captain Julius J.
CLAPP

SURNAME, Given name/initials (rank in/rank out0

ADAMS, Benjamin (Private/Private)
BATES, George (Private/Private)
BELCHER, David (Private/Private)
BOLAND, H. (Private/Private)
CHALMERS, T. (Private/Private)
CLAPP, H. B. (First Sergeant/First Sergeant) [Horatio?]
CLAPP, J. B. (Corporal/Corporal) [Is this Julius Rowe CLAPP,
1808-1876?]
CLAPP, Julius J. (Captain/Captain)
CLINES, William B. (Corporal/Corporal)
CORLEE, M. (Private/Private)
DAVIDSON, Eli [Fountain] (Private/Private) [1854-aft. 1907]
DAVIS, C. (Private/Private)
DEWBERRY, James M. (Sergeant/Sergeant)
DUNAWAY, A. T. (Private/Private)
EADY, H[enry] P. (Third Lieutenant/Third Lieutenant)
FLOYD, John (Private/Private)
GUERRY, J. L. (Corporal/Corporal)
GUERRY, William M. (Private/Private)
GUNN, H. C. (Private/Private) [prob. Henry Clay GANN (1846-1875),
buried at Linwood]
HAMMACK, L. (Corporal/Corporal)
HAMMACK, William L. (First Lieutenant/First Lieutenant)
HARPER, S. H. (Private/Private)
HENDERSON, John D. (Private/Private)
HILL, Jesse (Private/Private) [ca. 1813-1870s]
HILL, [Daniel] Washington (Private/Private) [1842-1911]
HILL, William [Henry] (Private/Private) [1841-1931]
HINES, G. W. (Private/Private)
JONES, William (Private/Private)
JONES, William L. (Private/Private)
KENNEDY, Daniel (Private/Private) [testified at 1870 murder trial]
LINLEY, Andrew (Private/Private)
McCOY, Dicken (Private/Private) [m. Jane A. MOBLEY]
McCOY, Henry (Private/Private)
MOAT, David (Private/Private)
MORRIS, Henry (Private/Private) [1820-1890, buried in St. Clair Co,
AL?]
MORRIS, Thomas (Private/Private)
MULLEN, F. (Private/Private)
MURPHY, Willis (Private/Private)
NEWSOM, Henry [M.] (Private/Private) [1836-1899, buried in Carroll
Co, GA]
NEWSOM, James (Private/Private) [ca. 1834-1897, buried at Clapp's
Factory]
NEWSOM, John (Private/Private) [1820-ca. 1895, buried at Clapp's
Factory]
NEWSOM William A[nderson] (Private/Private) [1826-bef. 1880?]
O'BANNON, B. (Private/Private)
PETTY, N. K. (Sergeant/Sergeant)
TILLERY, James (Private/Private) [sisters married CLEGG and McCOY]
WALKER, M. J. (Sergeant/Sergeant)
WATSON, Alexander (Private/Private)
WATSON, Nathan (Second Lieutenant/Second Lieutenant) [ca. 1831-aft.
1870]
WHITE, William (Private/Private)

I found information about the 19th Battalion at the following sites:

"Georgia Infantry Units," posted by M. A. PURDY at:
http://members.aol.com/mapurdy16/GAInf.htm#38RGVI

"Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System" searchable index at:
http://www.itd.nps.gov/cwss/

"Military Units of Georgia in Service to the C.S.A." at:
http://www.researchonline.net/gacw/gaunits.htm [the link at this site
for the 19th Battalion, Georgia State Guards is now dead]

"Georgia Military Units" posted by Glenn SPURLOCK at:
http://gacsa.cobbslegion.com/frames/gacsa_frame.htm  [no longer
online; Glenn has a new site that apparently deals exclusively with
Cobb's Legion at:
http://colquitt.k12.ga.us/glens/Cobbslegion/index.html ]

I have already transcribed the rosters of the other five companies and
will post them separately.  Corrections and additional information
would be appreciated.

John in TX

Patricia CANTRELL shares with us:

<<While at the Bradley Library yesterday, I came across a booklet, "G.
Gunby Jordan Remembers...A History of the Jordan Company 1904-1986"
edited by Sara Crawford, published by James Eberhardt, Columbus
Productions, Inc., Columbus, GA, 1986. It was very interesting reading
about the Jordan Company.

On page 8, Mr. Jordan writes, "I think one of the first homes the
Company built on lands they owned was the old Green Island Ranch,
where my grandfather and my father lived in the 1905-06 era. They
built a two-story, hunting lodge type of home, quite large, located
five miles out on the River Road. I understand they acquired several
hundred acres of land on the old River Road from Mr. Narramore, as
well as land from the T. J. Wynn family, and other acreage near the
Roaring Branch area belonging to the Clapp family.">>

The following was published 08 APR 1906 in the "Columbus Georgia Daily
Enquirer-Sun" newspaper [kindly transcribed by Sue GILBERT]:

"Work begins soon on Mr. G. Gunby JORDAN's new country home which will
be located two and one half miles north of Clapp's Factory, between
the road and the river on a 500 acre tract owned by Mr. JORDAN
[evidently at Green Island Hills – jml].  It will be a handsome
two story residence, the first story being of brick and the second
finished in English wood design.  This is a delightful location for a
summer home, and the residence will afford all possible conveniences
and will be an ideal country home.  A telephone line will be
constructed so that there will be telephone connections with the inner
city, its official tag.  The Columbus Improvement Company, the company
that will do the construction work for the Columbus Power Company,
will have its general offices at Clapp's Factory.  The office will be
equipped with electric lights, telephones and etc., having practically
all the conveniences afforded by the city with the exception of one
item of electric transportation and it is only a matter of time that a
car line will be contracted to Clapp's Factory."

I have a postcard, postmarked 1912, showing a home similar to what is
described, with the title "Green Island Range near Columbus, Ga."  I
had wondered if this was a clubhouse for a golf course, but it seems
that Range is the same as Ranch in Mr. GUNBY's account.  I will be
glad to share a scan of this postcard with anyone who is interested in
having it.

Thanks to Patricia and Sue for sharing their findings with us.

John in TX

From the same source about G. Gunby JORDAN's remembrances, Patricia
also shares the following:

<<On pages 48-49, he writes, "In the late 1950's, the Georgia Power
Company announced they would build a hydro-electric dam on the
Chattahoochee River near the Columbus Water Works, an area known as
the Clapp Factory site.">>

During our August visit to Columbus, Cynthia NASON uncovered quite a
bit of material on the Oliver Dam project, which was known as the
Clapp's Factory Dam project during much of its early planning.  It was
originally intended that the dam would be named for the local feature
Clapp's Factory, as the other dams in the area (City Mills, Goat
Rock, North Highlands, Bartlett's Ferry) had been.  However, during
the course of the project, the name was changed to honor James McCoy
OLIVER, a George Power Company executive vice president and general
manager, who had recently retired after 43 years of service.  The
facility was dedicated as Oliver Dam on Friday, 13 NOV 1959.

Thanks to Patricia and Cynthia for their contributions.

John

P.S. In my previous message, near the end, I wrote: "...the same as
Ranch in Mr. GUNBY's account."  Of course, this should read "Mr.
JORDAN's account."  This family are, however, kin to Robert B. GUNBY
who was bookkeeper for the Columbus Manufacturing Company from 1866 to
the early 1880s. - jml

In researching the Eady family for a potential SCV member, I ran across
this.  Do we already have her name?
Gwen

     Death and Obituary Notices from  The Southern Christian Advocate,
1867-1878
Issue of August 4,  1875
page 214
Death & Obituary Notices, Southern Christian  Advocate, 1867-1878
Caroline L. Eady was born March 1838 and was  brought up in and about
Columbus. She was married to Henry P. Eady, November  26th 1854. She lived at
Columbus factory (where she died) for twenty-five  years. She leaves a husband,
two
children, and an aged mother.


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Many thanks to Gwen for finding and posting the death notice of Mrs.
EADY.  The following query deatils what I have found about this family
so far:

Seeking information on the family and background of Henry P. EADY (ca.
1828 GA-aft. 1880), who married 26 NOV 1854 in Muscogee Co, GA, to
Salina L. JONES (per Martin's "History," vol. 2, p. 78).  Her
parentage is not presently known.

In 1840, the only EADY household in Muscogee County seems to have been
that headed by Samuel EADY (50s) on p. 306A, line #19, between Asa
LAWREY and John ARCHER.  Also in this household are a female in her
50s, two females 15-19, one female 5-9, one male 15-19, one male 10-14
(this could be Henry P., age 12), and no slaves; two individuals were
employed in agriculture. Also on this page are the households of James
JONES (line #1) and Lewis E. JONES (line #2), both of whom were in
their 20s with young families and employed in agriculture.  James'
household is preceded by that of David WILLIAMS (last line on p. 305A)
and Lewis' is followed by line #3 Samuel ARCHY.

An index for the 1850 census of Muscogee Co, GA, shows the following:
EADEY (p. 393B), EADY (pp. 390B, 410B), EDDER (p. 352B), and EDDY (pp.
411A, 411B).  One of the many JONES households listed is on p. 410B,
and one of the many MOORE households listed is on p. 409A.  These are
in the vicinity of the Clapp's Factory community in the 8th Land
District of Muscogee County (I don't have any of these census data).

Henry EDY is indexed as appearing on p. 348 of the 1860 census of
Muscogee Co; Mary EDY is indexed on p. 341.  Among the numerous JONES
households indexed are:  George W. and William N. on p. 346 and
William on p. 360, which is known to be in the Clapp's Factory area.
MOORE individuals indexed include James and William D. on p. 340 and
R. B., Sarah J., and Wesley on p. 341.  (I don't have any of these
census data.)

H. P. EADY entered and separated from service as a 3rd Lieutenant in
the Georgia Infantry (State Guards), 19th Battalion, Company E
"Columbus Factory Guards."  This battalion was mustered in Muscogee
Co, GA, in July or August 1863 to serve for a period of six months.
Company E. operated and protected the Columbus Factory (a.k.a. Clapp's
Factory), which was a supplier of shoes, cloth material, and other
goods to the Confederate Army during the War.  Also serving in Company
E were William JONES and William L. JONES, both Privates (these may be
two listings for the same individual) - any kin to Salina?

H. P. EADY also entered and separated as a  Private in the 1st City
Battalion (Columbus, GA), Company C.  This battalion was formed
subsequent to the 19th Battalion.  Several members of the Columbus
Factory Guards also served in Company C with EADY, including William
JONES (also a Private).

In 1870, Henry P. EADY, age 42 (b. GA), headed household #1597 in
dwelling #1498 on p. 224 (772B) "Outside the City of Columbus, Ga."
[at Clapp's Factory] in Muscogee Co, GA.  He ws the Boss Spinner at
the cotton factory and held no real estate; his personal estate was
valued at $300.  His wife Selina was 32 and keeing house.  They had
two children: Henry, age 14, was a cotton factory hand, and Alice, age
12, was at home.  In November 1870, H. P. EADY (also appears as H. P.
EDDY) served on a coronor's jury investigating a murder that took
place in the Clapp's Factory village.  An 1871 newspaper article about
the Columbus Factory identifies H. P. EDDY as a foreman of the
spinning room and Mr. MOORE as foreman of the weaving room, adding
that both men were raised at the factory.

In an issue of the "Southern Christian Advocate" dated 04 AUG 1875, p.
214, a death notice states:  "Caroline L. EADY was born March 1838 and
was brought up in and about Columbus.  She was married to Henry P.
EADY, November 26th 1854.  She lived at Columbus factory (where she
died) for twenty-five years.  She leaves a husband, two children, and
an aged mother."  She is perhaps buried in the Clapp's Factory
Cemetery.  The reason for the discrpancy between the names Salina and
Caroline is not immediately clear (perhas the spelling Celina was
mistaken for Carolina?).

Accoring to Shole's 1878 city directory for Columbus, GA, p. 122,
Henry P. EADY was a clerk for J. F. MOORE and resided in Browneville
[Lee County], AL.  James F. MOORE ran a grocery at 175 Oglethorpe [now
First Avenue] in Columbus, per Shole's "Georgia State Gazetteer and
Business Directory for 1879 and 1880," p. 444.

Allice [sic] H. EADY m. 03 FEB 1878 in Lee Co, AL, to Robert MOORE,
per the LDS IGI NA.  In 1880, Henry P. EADY, age 51 (b. GA, both
parents b. GA) is listed as father-in-law, at home, in the household
of Robert (32, b. GA, both parents b. SC) and Alice (22, b. GA, both
parents b. GA) MOORE on p. 235A in Brownville, Lee Co, AL.  Robert is
working as a carpenter and Alice is keeping house.  The households in
this vicinity include a number of individuals and families who had
previously lived and/or worked at Clapp's Factory.  Seven doors away
are William (35 GA) and Mary C. (30 AL) MOORE with daughter Eugenia (9
GA); William is employed as a carpenter.  Note that William A. MOORE
m. 02 SEP 1869 in Muscogee Co, GA, to Mary C. BEELAND (per LDS IGI
NA).  The name of Brown(e)ville was changed to Phenix City in 1889.

An index of death notices in the "Columbus, GA, Enquirer-Sun"
newspaper shows that an obituary for H. Thomas EADY appeared on 13 SEP
1914 (I don't have the text of this obit); this is perhaps Henry P.
and Salina's son Henry.  H. T. EADY appears on an index of names
associated with Linwood Cemetery; this index includes not only the
names of persons buried in the cemetery, but also names mentioned in
obituaries and death notices of persons buried there.  A listing of
grave records does not show any EADY entries (however, this listing
shows marked graves only).  Could Alice's husband be the same as
Robert MOORE (04 MAR 1848-29 MAY 1898) at Linwood?

I am interested in learning more about this EADY family and their kin.
  I will be glad to share further background about their life at
Clapp's Factory.  John in TX

I am seeking information on the following heads of household and their
families, who appear on the 1840 census of  Muscogee Co, GA, p. 303.
Following the name of each head is the number of members in that
household who were employed in manufacture or trades, evidently at
Clapp's Factory (a total of 74 individuals, some of whom were
slaves).

CLAPP, James [sic - Julius] R.  8
DRISCOLL, C. D. 	 5
HUDGINS, Barelle 	 4   [same as HUTCHINS?]
BOLEN, John 		 6 [same as BOLAND?]
JONES, W. C. 	 7
GRAY, Hezekiah 	        4
MORGAN, Henry 	        5
PIPE, James 	 4 [could this be PIKE?]
BOLEN,  David 	 5 [same as BOLAND?]
BARTON, James 		        1
COOPER, Isaac 	 3
CHAPMAN, Solomon  7
DRIGGERS, Anne 	        6
BARRINGTON, Nancy  3
SMITH, Lawrence 	        3
SEXTON, Henry 	        3
PERRYMAN, Rhody 	        5
THORNTON, Jeremiah  2
NICHOLAS, Ja___ 	        1
STEWART, George 	        1

Any information appreciated - thanks.  John in TX

I am a professional cemetery restorer and was interested in how your
project was progressing.

Best wishes for your continued success,

Mark Davis
Stone Saver Cemetery Restoration
Hartford City,IN

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[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

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[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

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[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Mark,

Thank you for your inquiry - sorry to be so long in responding.  In
August, members of our group met in Columbus, GA, and adopted a Master
Plan.  The next step is to have a formal archaeological survey conducted
- estimated to cost about $14,000 - hopefully this winter.  I had
planned on meeting early this month with officials from the Georgia
Power Company (the property owners) and from the City (the cemetery is
now bounded by the River Walk, which is part of the city parks
department) to discuss our plans and seek some financial help, but I
have not been able to schedule a time to go.

I am interested to know more about the type of work you do. With respect
to the Clapp's Factory Cemetery, there is not a lot to restore (from the
looks of things).  There is only one grave that is still marked, out of
an estimated 400-500.  We are hoping that the survey will turn up at
least a few markers that have sunk down and been covered over.  During a
clean-up event at the site in the spring of 2003, we did detect in a
couple of spots brick rows that probably outlined graves or lots; one
account mentions handmade bricks used for this purpose at the cemetery.
  It has been reported to us by local residents that evidence of the
cemetery was purposely destroyed by persons acting on behalf of the
property owner - but, of course, we can't prove this.

I will be glad to send further information about the cemetery and our
plans, if you would care to see it.  Thanks again for your interest,

John Mallory Land
President, CFCPL
McKinney, TX
retrofit@...

md9105 wrote:

>
> I am a professional cemetery restorer and was interested in how your
> project was progressing.
>
> Best wishes for your continued success,
>
> Mark Davis
> Stone Saver Cemetery Restoration
> Hartford City,IN

Hi John,

Thanks for the update. Interesting project that you are involved in.

I am a professional cemetery restorer. I restore stones of various types
and reset pioneer cemeteries as they originally would have be laid out.
Last year I restored 1,089 stones. This year I am over 1500 stones with
about 300 more to go. I am already about 70% booked for 2005 and 2006.
It's a great job, a great thing to do and I love it..it's not easy though.

Anyway, keep in touch..and glad to hear you are keeping the memory of those
gone on before us alive.

Mark Davis
Stone Saver Cemetery Restoration
Hartford City, IN.

Original Message:
-----------------
From: John Mallory Land retrofit@...
Date: Wed, 27 Oct 2004 01:48:23 -0500
To: ClappCemetery@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: [ClappCemetery] new member



<html><body>


<tt>
Mark,<BR>
<BR>
Thank you for your inquiry - sorry to be so long in responding.  In <BR>
August, members of our group met in Columbus, GA, and adopted a Master <BR>
Plan.  The next step is to have a formal archaeological survey conducted
<BR>
- estimated to cost about $14,000 - hopefully this winter.  I had <BR>
planned on meeting early this month with officials from the Georgia <BR>
Power Company (the property owners) and from the City (the cemetery is <BR>
now bounded by the River Walk, which is part of the city parks <BR>
department) to discuss our plans and seek some financial help, but I <BR>
have not been able to schedule a time to go.  <BR>
<BR>
I am interested to know more about the type of work you do. With respect
<BR>
to the Clapp's Factory Cemetery, there is not a lot to restore (from the
<BR>
looks of things).  There is only one grave that is still marked, out of <BR>
an estimated 400-500.  We are hoping that the survey will turn up at <BR>
least a few markers that have sunk down and been covered over.  During a
<BR>
clean-up event at the site in the spring of 2003, we did detect in a <BR>
couple of spots brick rows that probably outlined graves or lots; one <BR>
account mentions handmade bricks used for this purpose at the cemetery. <BR>
  It has been reported to us by local residents that evidence of the <BR>
cemetery was purposely destroyed by persons acting on behalf of the <BR>
property owner - but, of course, we can't prove this.  <BR>
<BR>
I will be glad to send further information about the cemetery and our <BR>
plans, if you would care to see it.  Thanks again for your interest,<BR>
<BR>
John Mallory Land<BR>
President, CFCPL<BR>
McKinney, TX<BR>
retrofit@...<BR>
<BR>
md9105 wrote:<BR>
<BR>
><BR>
> I am a professional cemetery restorer and was interested in how your<BR>
> project was progressing.<BR>
><BR>
> Best wishes for your continued success,<BR>
><BR>
> Mark Davis<BR>
> Stone Saver Cemetery Restoration<BR>
> Hartford City,IN<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</tt>


<br>

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--------------------------------------------------------------------
mail2web - Check your email from the web at
http://mail2web.com/ .

Could some one please update us about the places around here in
columbus.....me and my husband sometimes go out to locate cemeteries
and to over look them and clean up around them and we would love to
beable to help where we could...so any info would be great..

thanks
Michael and Laura

Hi - the Clapp's Factory Cemetery is located just below Oliver Dam on a
bluff overlooking the Chattahoochee.  If take the turn off from the
River Road to Oliver Marina and bear to the left, just before you reach
the gated entrance to the Oliver Dam facility, the River Walk begins to
the left (southward).  Walking on the River Walk, the cemetery is about
one tenth of a mile down on the right - there's a dirt pathway leading
in on the north side and a dirt road going in on the south side of the
main cemetery area.  You won't find much there - only one grave is still
marked (J. F. CAIN - evidently a child's grave - along the northside
pathway).  There are estimated to be 400-500 graves.  Based on archival
research and reports from family members, we now have the names of
around 70 persons known or believed to be buried there.  Our volunteer
group has tried to clear the cemetery of some of the appliances, car
parts, televisions, construction tailings, litter, and other debris that
have been illegally dumped in there, but there's still quite a bit that
needs to be removed.  We have members local to Columbus who might be
willing to meet you out there, if you'd like.

Thank you for your interest, and we could really use your help in
monitoring the site.

John Mallory Land
President, Clapp's Factory Cemetery Preservation League
McKinney, TX
retrofit@...

Michael and Laura wrote:

>
> Could some one please update us about the places around here in
> columbus.....me and my husband sometimes go out to locate cemeteries
> and to over look them and clean up around them and we would love to
> beable to help where we could...so any info would be great..
>
> thanks
> Michael and Laura
>

My husband, Earl, passed away Saturday as his two daughters and I stood by
his bedside here at home where he wanted to be.
Visitation will be tomorrow (Monday) from 6:00 - 8:00 PM at Pope Dickson
Funeral Home here in Morrow.  Funeral will be Tuesday morning at 11:00 AM at the
Chapel with burial at Westview Cemetery.
Please keep us in your prayers.
Love,
Gwen Bryan


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Thank you so much for the update...we hate to hear that it is not
doing good.....are you planing on having a group meet out there
again or are you waiting till a later time?  Me and my husband both
work during the week, but maybe we could do something on a weekend
to help out.....I believe that this coming weekend we are going to
go out there and have a look around.....all of the cemeteries that
we use to look over are pretty much cleaned up except for a
few...like one out in the country, that has a dirt road running
right next to it, not even a foot away from one grave and we are
still not sure to this day how many grave are out there...we can
only see 3 of them.

thanks
michael and laura

I knew the 21 steps bit and the hurricane business.....that's about all. I
feel ashamed. Our kids don't feel anything.

Tomb of the  Unknown Soldier

1. How many steps does the guard take during his walk across the
tomb  of the Unknowns and why?

      21 steps. It alludes to the twenty-one gun salute, which is the
highest honor given any military or foreign  dignitary.


2. How long does he hesitate after his about face to begin his
return walk and why?

       21 seconds for the same reason as answer number 1




3. Why are his gloves wet?

       His gloves are moistened to prevent his losing his grip on the
rifle.





4. Does he carry his rifle on the same shoulder all the time
and if not, why not?

       He carries the rifle on the shoulder away from the tomb.
After his  march across the path, he executes an about face
and moves the rifle to  the outside shoulder.




5. How often are the guards changed?

      Guards are changed every thirty minutes,
twenty-four hours a day,  365 days a year.





6. What are the physical traits of the guard limited to?

      For a person to apply for guard duty at the tomb, he must be
between  5' 10" and 6' 2" tall and his waist size cannot exceed 30."  Other
requirements of the Guard: They must commit 2 years of life to guard the
tomb, live in a barracks under the tomb, and cannot drink any alcohol on
or off duty for the rest of their lives. They cannot swear in public for the
rest of their lives and  cannot disgrace the uniform {fighting} or the tomb
in
any way. After two years, the guard is given a wreath pin that is worn on
their lapel signifying they served as guard of the tomb. There are only
400 presently worn. The guard must obey these rules for the rest of their
lives or give up the wreath pin.

       The shoes are specially made with very thick soles to keep the heat
and cold from their feet. There are metal heel plates that extend to the
top of the shoe in order to make the loud click as they come to a halt.
There are no wrinkles, folds or lint on the uniform. Guards dress for duty
in front of a full-length mirror.

       The first six months of duty a guard cannot talk to anyone, nor
watch TV.  All off duty time is spent studying the 175 notable people laid
to rest in Arlington National Cemetery. A guard must memorize who they are
and where they are interred. Among the notables are: President Taft, Joe
E. Lewis {the boxer} and Medal of Honor winner Audie Murphy, {the most
decorated soldier of WWII} of Hollywood fame.

       Every guard spends five hours a day getting his uniforms ready for
guard duty.




  ETERNAL REST GRANT THEM O LORD, AND  LET PERPETUAL LIGHT SHINE  UPON THEM.

       In 2003 as Hurricane Isabelle was approaching  Washington,  DC, our
US Senate/House took 2 days off  with anticipation of the storm. On the ABC
evening news, it was  reported that because of the dangers from the
hurricane, the military  members assigned the duty of guarding the Tomb of
the Unknown Soldier were  given permission to suspend the assignment. They
respectfully declined  the offer, "No way, Sir!"  Soaked to the skin,
marching in the pelting  rain of a tropical storm, they said that guarding
the Tomb was not just an  assignment, it was the highest honor that can be
afforded to a  serviceperson. The tomb has been patrolled continuously,
24/7, since 1930.

        Please forward to your list. I would be
very proud if this one  reached as many as possible. We can be very proud
of our young men and women in  the service no matter where they  serve.


God Bless and  keep them







[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Thanks Charlie......

  I LOVE Being  Southern!
   _____

   Only a  Southerner knows the difference between a
   hissie fit and a  conniption fit, and that you don't
   "HAVE" them, you "PITCH"  them.
    _____

   Only a Southerner knows how many fish,  collard greens,
   turnip greens, peas, beans, etc., make up "a  mess."
    _____

   Only a Southerner can show or point out  to you the
   general direction of  "yonder."
    _____

   Only a Southerner knows exactly how  long "directly" is
   -- as in: "Going to town, be back  directly."
    _____

   Even Southern babies know that  "Gimme some sugar" is
   not a request for the white, granular sweet  substance
   that sits in a pretty little bowl in the middle of  the
   table.
    _____

   All Southerners know exactly  when "by and by" is. They
   might not use the term, but they know  the concept
   well.
    _____

   Only a Southerner knows  instinctively that the best
   gesture of solace for a neighbor  who's got trouble is
   a plate of hot fried chicken and a big bowl  of cold
   potato salad. If the neighbor's trouble is a  real
   crisis, they also know to add a large banana  puddin!
    _____

   Only Southerners grow up knowing the  difference
   between "right near" and "a right far piece."  They
   also know that "just down the road" can be 1 mile  or
   20.
    _____

   Only a Southerner, both knows and  understands, the
   difference between a redneck, a good ol' boy,  and po'
   white trash.
    _____

   No true Southerner  would ever assume that the car with
   the flashing turn signal is  actually going to make a
   turn.
    _____

   A Southerner  knows that "fixin" can be used as a noun,
   a verb, or an  adverb.
    _____

   Only Southerners make friends while  standing in lines.
   We don't do "queues," we do "lines"; and when  we're
   "in line," we talk to everybody!
    _____

   Put  100 Southerners in a room and half of them will
   discover they're  related, even if only by marriage.
    _____

   Southerners  never refer to one person as  "ya'll."
    _____

   Southerners know grits come from corn  and how to eat
   them.
    _____

   Every Southerner knows  tomatoes with eggs, bacon,
   grits, and coffee are perfectly  wonderful; that red
   eye gravy is also a breakfast food; and that  fried
   green tomatoes are not a breakfast  food.
    _____

   When you hear someone say, "Well, I  caught myself
   lookin'," you know you are in the presence of  a
   genuine Southerner!
    _____

   Only true Southerners  say "sweet tea" and "sweet
   milk." Sweet tea indicates the need  for sugar and lots
   of it -- we do not like our tea unsweetened.  "Sweet
   milk" means you don't want  buttermilk.
    _____

   And a true Southerner knows you  don't scream
   obscenities at little old
   ladies who drive 30 MPH  on the freeway. You just say,
   "Bless her heart" and go your own  way.
    _____

   To those of you who're still a little  embarrassed by
   your Southerness:
   Take two tent revivals and a  dose of sausage gravy and
   call me in the morning. Bless your  heart!
    _____

   And to those of you who are still  having a hard time
   understanding all this Southern stuff, bless  your
   hearts, I hear they are fixin' to have classes  on
   Southernness as a second language!
    _____

   And  for those that are not from the South but have
   lived here for a  long
   time, ya'll need a sign to hang on ya'lls front  porch
   that reads "I aint from the South but I got here as
   fast  as I could."
    _____

   Bless your hearts, ya'll have a  blessed day.
    _____

   Mom, Apple Pie & Gen. Robert E.  Lee


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Hi,

Me, Michael, and one of our daughters went out today to look at the
cemetery (or whats left of it).  I took a few photos and posted them
to the group.  It is a real shame what has happen to this place and
these people.  Again if anyone has any info about the cemetery
please email us.

Laura and Michael

Ok well we tried to post the photos but it would not let us.  If
some one could help us let us know.

Thanks,
Michael and Laura

What type of message did it give you when you tried to post the pictures?

Check this site for additional information on the Clapp.

http://www.rootsweb.com/~gamuscog/clappfac.htm

Happy Family Hunting,
kemis massey
sobbygenealogy@...

Researching:
     for hubbie: MASSEY,  BROOKS, FOUNTAIN, SMITH
     for me:  SONGER, CAMP, EVANS, ROSAMOND
     for preservation:  CLAPP Cemetery, Community, Factory, and Families -
Muscogee County
     for GAGen Web Project:  any info (county, family, history, industry) on
Chattahoochee, Clayton and Muscogee Counties, GA

----- Original Message -----
From: Michael and Laura
Ok well we tried to post the photos but it would not let us.  If
some one could help us let us know.

Thanks,
Michael and Laura

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

ClappCemetery@yahoogroups.com wrote:
It said that we have met our quota on space


Message: 1
Date: Sun, 6 Feb 2005 14:38:25 -0500
From: "Kemis Massey"
Subject: Re: photos

What type of message did it give you when you tried to post the pictures?

Check this site for additional information on the Clapp.

http://www.rootsweb.com/~gamuscog/clappfac.htm

Happy Family Hunting,
kemis massey
sobbygenealogy@...

Researching:
for hubbie: MASSEY, BROOKS, FOUNTAIN, SMITH
for me: SONGER, CAMP, EVANS, ROSAMOND
for preservation: CLAPP Cemetery, Community, Factory, and Families - Muscogee
County
for GAGen Web Project: any info (county, family, history, industry) on
Chattahoochee, Clayton and Muscogee Counties, GA

----- Original Message -----
From: Michael and Laura
Ok well we tried to post the photos but it would not let us. If
some one could help us let us know.

Thanks,
Michael and Laura

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]



________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________






Michael, Laura, Sara, Katelin, & Willow Osburn
"A family that transcribes together, thrives together!!!"

__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Tired of spam?  Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around
http://mail.yahoo.com

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Okay, that means we've run out of space through Yahoo.  This site has helped us
tremendously with helping to get the word out to others about the cemetery, this
is a temporary solution to a long term problem.  From the beginning, I stressed
this is going to be a massive undertaking.  The biggest problem we've had
lately, is that key members have all had to take time off to attend ailing
spouses, parents and dear friends.  All of us are working people - no trust fund
babies in this group.  Our next problem is logistics - very few interested
parties live in the immediate area.  We've need to raise money in order to
complete our non-profit status.  Then we can approach larger groups for
donations - whether it be money or help with cleaning when the proper time
comes.

The reason money is necessary first is we need a survey done of the cemetery to
determine current boundaries - no need of cleaning more than what's not graves. 
This should also give us a better idea of how many graves are actually left. 
The survey should be done in the fall - obviously we didn't have money to do it
this last fall.

  If you send them directly to me sobbygenealogy@... I'll set up a file
through rootsweb.

kemis

----- Original Message -----
From: mike and laura osburn
ClappCemetery@yahoogroups.com wrote:
It said that we have met our quota on space


Message: 1
From: "Kemis Massey"
Subject: Re: photos

What type of message did it give you when you tried to post the pictures?

Check this site for additional information on the Clapp.

http://www.rootsweb.com/~gamuscog/clappfac.htm

Happy Family Hunting,
kemis massey
sobbygenealogy@...

Researching:
for hubbie: MASSEY, BROOKS, FOUNTAIN, SMITH
for me: SONGER, CAMP, EVANS, ROSAMOND
for preservation: CLAPP Cemetery, Community, Factory, and Families - Muscogee
County
for GAGen Web Project: any info (county, family, history, industry) on
Chattahoochee, Clayton and Muscogee Counties, GA

----- Original Message -----
From: Michael and Laura
Ok well we tried to post the photos but it would not let us. If
some one could help us let us know.

Thanks,
Michael and Laura


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Hi everyone,

This is Laura and Michael Osburn.  This is our other email address.
I read the email about getting the land looked at and all and think
that is a great idea.  Me and Michael were talking about it and we
thought that the city is suppose to have some kind of record of the
cemetery or someone and something to this effect.  We have never had
to deal with a cemetery that is not church or personally owned.  If
anyone could help us out with this, it would be great.  Also if
there is any research that is needed let us know and I am sure we
can work on that also.

Because we could not upload the photos on this website the other
day, and also because we go to different cemeteries every month
(sometimes every weekend) and try to work on them, we decided to
start up a group.  This is the website address...

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/alaandgacemeteries/


We have put the photos that we did take the other day on there.
Sorry to say it was only a few, but we hope to get more on there and
some of the other cemeteries we have been to.  We hope to hear back
from you soon.

Thanks for all your help,

Laura and Michael Osburn

We were wondering if it would be ok to put the link to this group in
our groups link section.  We wanted to ask before doing it and all,
please just let us know.

Michael and Laura