http://www.familybible.org/Teaching/Messianic/Church.htm

Where Did the Word "Church" Come From?
Dr. Rickard (Ari) Levitt Sawyer

"Conventional," "orthodox evangelical," or "dispensational" Christian
theology teaches that the "Church" came into existence at Pentecost
and will cease to function in its present capacity at "the Rapture"
(also known as "the Second Coming" or the "Translation of the
Church"), and that the "Church" therefore consists of all the saints
of "the present age," and I faithfully taught that doctrine for over
thirty years. My recent studies of the Scripture have rendered that
teaching in some serious doubt in my mind for the following reasons:

a. The Greek word that is translated "church" in the English Bibles is
ekklesia (ekklesia), which is made up of the two words ek (ek), which
means "out of," and kaleo (kaleo), which means "to call." Ekklesia
(ekklesia) therefore means "called out" or, when used with the
definite article ("the"), "the called out ones." This concept carries
with it the idea of being "elect" or "chosen," and it should be
properly translated as either "called out" or "the called out ones" or
simply "the elect" for simplicity sake. Other than the pre-existing
religious bias of the Bible translators and the traditions of men,
there is absolutely no grammatical reason for this word to be have
ever been translated as "church." (Thus in Spanish, the word is not
even translated, but only transliterated as iglacia.)

b. The Hebrew word arqm (miqra) carries the same meaning as the word
ekklesia, and is used in the Tenakh (the "Hebrew Bible" or so-called
"Old Testament" ... the only "Bible" that was used by Yeshua and all
his Shliachim, or Emissaries) to refer to the "holy convocations" of
Israel. It can also readily be translated as "called out."

c. While most "conventional" Christian theology teaches that the
so-called "Old Testament Saints" were saved by observance of Torah
(usually mistranslated as "the Law"), the B'rit Chadasha (or "Renewed
Covenant" — particularly Hebrews 11; Romans 3:21-4:25; Romans 11)
teaches that salvation (justification) has always been solely on the
basis of faith in Mashiach, totally apart from any "works of
righteousness," and Rabbinical literature from the Second Temple
Period to the present reveals that Judaism recognizes no such concept
as "justification through Torah observance."

d. The "called out ones" before the resurrection of Mashiach were
justified (saved) by faith in the completed work of Mashiach that was
yet to be performed.

e. The "called out ones" after the resurrection of Mashiach are
justified (saved) by faith in the exact same completed work of
Mashiach that has now been performed.

f. The "called out ones" before the resurrection of Mashiach were
either born or adopted as Israelites. (Gen. 17:10-13; Exod. 12:43-51;
Deut 16:10-11; Josh. 8:33)

g. The "called out ones" after the resurrection of Mashiach are either
born or adopted as Israelites. (Rom. 9:1-8; cp. Rom. 8:15; Rom. 8:23;
Rom. 11:17-27; Gal. 4:5; Eph. 1:5; Eph. 2:11-13)

h. The "called out ones" before the resurrection of Mashiach and the
"called out ones" after the resurrection of Mashiach are therefore
related to Mashiach in exactly the same manner. (Rom. 3:30)

Where, then, is the scriptural basis for saying that "the called out
ones" before the resurrection and the "called out ones" after the
resurrection are two different groups of humanity?

There is, therefore, no Scriptural basis to claim that God started
something "new" or "different" at Pentecost. In fact, the B'rit
Chadasha clearly states that at the Pentecost event the new Messianic
Believers were "added to" that which was already in existence:

"So then, those who had received his word were baptized; and that
day there were added about three thousand souls." (Acts 2:41, NAS;
emphasis added)

The only apparent difference between "the called out ones" before
Pentecost and "the called out ones" after Pentecost is that Ruach
HaKodesh was now to permanently indwell those who came to faith in
Mashiach, whereas before Pentecost that indwelling seems (at least
from our limited human perspective) to have been more temporary in nature.

Although the exact etymology of the word "church" is far from certain,
some Bible dictionaries and commentaries suggest that it came to be
used for the ekklesia because it is thought that early believers may
have met in a circle (see following). However, that concept is highly
suspect because if one correctly understands that the believers met in
synagogues until far after the end of the first century, there is
nothing specific in synagogue worship that lends itself to the concept
of a circle, unless it refers to Davidic dance, which is generally
performed in a circle.

According to some other dictionaries, the modern English word "church"
is supposedly derived from the Middle English word chirche or kirke,
which in turn is derived from the Greek word kyriakos, which is said
to mean "belonging to the Lord." However, the strongest evidence
against that position is simply that the word kirke is far more
ancient than Christianity, and was originally derived from the name of
the pagan sun-goddess Circe, whose priests and priestesses gathered in
a "circle" to worship her (hence the source of the word "circle").

Still other dictionaries and commentaries suggest that the word
"church" it is derived from the Teutonic kirk or kirche, which is a
circle of trees that was used for human sacrifices (again related to
Circe-worship). Since the "church" as we know it today owes most of
its form to its Roman Catholic ancestor, I believe that the best
explanation is that the word "church" apparently actually refers to
the "inner circle" of the Babylonian Mystery Religion (closely related
to the Teutonic kirk in both form and function).

In 63 BCE Julius Caesar was officially recognized as the head of the
Romanized form of the Babylonian Mystery Religion (which, though many
different names are used for the gods and goddesses, is in reality the
worship of Nimrod [Gen. 10:8-9] and his mother, the "Queen of Heaven,"
who became known as Ishtar), and was given the title of Pontifex
Maximus, or "supreme bridge" (that is, the supreme bridge between man
and the gods). That title was continuously held by the Roman emperor
until 376 CE, when Emperor Gratian rejected the title, and transferred
it to the Bishop of Rome, the Pope, who retains the title to this day.

When he became Emperor, Constantine (Pontifex Maximus of the Mystery
Religion) desired to consolidate his power over both the civil and
religious aspects of the Empire (ca. 311). At that time, Judaism
(which included Messianic Judaism as a sub-set, or sect of Judaism)
was one of the "authorized" religions of the Empire. Constantine, who
never actually became a Believer in Messiah, simply decreed that his
more-inclusive religion, which he called "Christianity," would be the
"official" and only acceptable religion in the Empire.

All he actually did was to take the Roman form of the Babylon Mystery
Religion, dress it up with "Bible words," and change the names of the
pantheon of "gods" and "goddesses" to the names of prominent
first-century Messianic Believers, particularly the Apostles. The
names of the gods and goddesses were then removed from their statues
in the Roman temples, their new names were chiseled into place, and
the "worship" of these gods and goddesses continued as "the veneration
of saints." (For example, the mother of Nimrod, who was worshipped as
the "Queen of Heaven," was renamed "Mary" and continued to be
worshipped as the "Queen of Heaven," and the statue of "Peter" that
presently stands in the Vatican is actually a statue of the Roman god
Jupiter, which has simply been renamed.[1])

The first level of pagan priests under Constantine was known as the
"circle" and derived that name from their practice of meeting in a
circle to worship the sun. (See the reference to the worship of Circe,
above. Sun worship was so prevalent in ancient Rome that they named
the first day of the week Sun-day, and had a law that no work could be
done on Sun-day under penalty of death.) Constantine simply appointed
the priests from the Mystery Religion as "bishops" (now called the
College of Cardinals) in his new hybrid religion, and he himself
continued to rule over them as their "high priest."

He then called the Council of Nicea, to which only the Gentile bishops
were invited, and made the observance of any Jewish tradition
punishable by death. Passover, Unleavened Bread, and First Fruits were
replaced with the Feast of Ishtar; Shabbat worship was replaced with
Sun-day worship; the Lord's birthday observance was moved from Sukkot
(Tabernacles) to Saturnalia (the "sun god's" feast day, December 25);
all Hebrew versions of the Scriptures were destroyed [including all
extant copies of the original Hebrew versions of the Apostolic
Scriptures, thus we now have only the remaining Greek copies]; and all
Messianic Jewish Believers were given the choice to either become
"Gentile Christians" or die.

By the time the Bible was finally translated into English, the entire
pagan Roman cult had come to be known as "the circle" and this term
was later rendered into Old and Middle English as "church."

When Tyndale produced the first English translation of the Bible, he
correctly translated the word ekklesia as "assembly." However, when
King James commissioned the 1611 translation, he apparently
arbitrarily decreed that the word be translated using the common term
for the Roman cult, "church," and so that tradition has also been
followed by modern translators without regard to the actual
grammatical meaning of the word ekklesia.

The body of true "Called Out Ones" (Miqra or Ekklesia) that Yeshua
established—beginning with Avraham—has always survived alongside both
the apostate synagogue and the apostate "church," just as He predicted
in His parable of the wheat and the tares. He will sort them all out
when He returns to rule over the earth.

[This opinion is where my research has currently taken me. The subject
is still under serious investigation.]
_______________

1. Woodrow, Ralph. Babylon Mystery Religion. Riverside, CA: Ralph
Woodrow Evangelistic Association, 1966, pp. 79, 89-91.

Do a Google search for "circe church" for more articles

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hena.htm